Abstract: With the continuing development of web resources and Internet search utilities, the role of reference services is changing in the modern library. Traditional ready reference is in decline, but the need for broad-based research support will continue for the foreseeable future. As librarians adapt to the evolving research environment, libraries are experimenting with alternative models of reference services. Far-reaching calls to adopt one model or abandon another, such as the traditional reference desk, are off target given that each library must adapt to its own local situation and determine how best to serve its constituents.

Abstract: Stack Overflow has been providing question and answering service for 7 years. It has become a tremendous knowledge repository for developers' thoughts and practices. Hyperlinks in discussion threads of Stack Overflow are essential knowledge entities for programming on the Web, such as a software library, an API documentation, a code example, or a tutorial. Tens of millions of hyperlinks are disseminated in Stack Overflow, while wisdom on what web resources have been highly recognized by the community is implicit in millions of discussion threads. In this paper, we develop the WisLinker framework that extracts knowledge from discussion, then turns knowledge into wisdom by learning through the knowledge dissemination history. With this wisdom, for a specific hyperlink that users are concerned with, WisLinker can recommend web resources highly recognized by the Stack Overflow community. We evaluate the validity of WisLinker in an open-ended setting using Stack Overflow data dump. We also implement a browser extension for live recommendation of web resources while users browse web pages. WisLinker could enable more efficient exploratory search and information discovery of programming-related web resources.

Abstract: Twitter has emerged as a popular source of sharing and delivering news information. In tweet messages, URLs to web resources and hashtags are often included. This study investigates the potential of the hyperlinks and hashtags as topical clues and indicators to tweet messages. For this study, we crawled and analyzed about 1.5 million tweets for a 3-month period covering any topic or subject. The findings of this study revealed a power law relationship for the ranking and frequency of a the host names of URLs, and b a pair of hashtags and URLs that appeared in the tweet messages. This study also discovered that the most popular URLs used in tweets come from news and media websites, and a majority of the hyperlinked resources are news web pages. One implication of this study is that Twitter users are becoming more active in sharing already published information than producing new information. Finally, our investigation on hashtags for web resource indexing reveals that hashtags have the potential to be used as indexing terms for co-occurring URLs in the same tweet. We also discuss the implications of this study for web resource recommendation.

Abstract: When teachers are surfing the Web to search suitable learning material for their courses it would be very important that web resources were characterized to restrict the scope of the search. Hence, it arises the need of finding characterizing properties for learning materials. This paper proposes an initial reflection on this issue. We exploit the huge potential of the MOOC, in particular Coursera, to discover new educational information that might characterize material of MOOCs. This goal is achieved by means of data mining techniques. Two types of features about resources have been discovered: teaching context and resource attributes. The resulting knowledge can be very helpful for a more accurate recommendation of resources to the particular teaching context of an instructor, as well as improving the creation and arrangement of learning activities.

Abstract: Focussed crawlers enable the automatic discovery of Web resources about a given topic by automatically navigating the Web link structure and selecting the hyperlinks to follow by estimating their relevance to the topic based on evidence obtained from the already downloaded pages. This work proposes a classifier-guided focussed crawling approach that estimates the relevance of a hyperlink to an unvisited Web resource based on the combination of textual evidence representing its local context, namely the textual content appearing in its vicinity in the parent page, with visual evidence associated with its global context, namely the presence of images relevant to the topic within the parent page. The proposed focussed crawling approach is applied towards the discovery of environmental Web resources that provide air quality measurements and forecasts, since such measurements (and particularly the forecasts) are not only provided in textual form, but are also commonly encoded as multimedia, mainly in the form of heatmaps. Our evaluation experiments indicate the effectiveness of incorporating visual evidence in the link selection process applied by the focussed crawler over the use of textual features alone, particularly in conjunction with hyperlink exploration strategies that allow for the discovery of highly relevant pages that lie behind apparently irrelevant ones.

Abstract: As wide area of web grows at a very fast pace, there has been increased interest in techniques that help efficiently locate wide web interfaces. However, due to the large volume of web resources and the dynamic nature of deep web, achieving large coverage and high efficiency is a challenging issue. We propose a two-stage framework, namely Smart Crawler, for efficient harvesting wide web interfaces. In the first stage, It is site based searching for center pages with the help of search engines, it avoid to visit large number of pages. To achieve more accurate results for a focused crawl, It is ranking the websites to prioritize highly relevant ones for a given topic. In the second step, It searches fast in-site searching by extracting most relevant links with an adaptive link-ranking. To eliminate bias on visiting some it also contain highly relevant links in hidden web directories, we design a link tree data structure to achieve wider coverage for a website.

Abstract: The study investigates the use of web-based information services by research scholars of Calicut University. The study enquires into the web-based services of Calicut University library, reasons for effective use, as well as problems faced while using the web-based information services by the research scholars of the university. The study was conducted among 100 research scholars randomly selected from various departments in the university. Usage statistics provided by the website is not used as the study is conducted only among the research scholars. Most of the respondents used different types of web-based services. The survey shows that majority of the research community are not aware of the services provided by the library. The researchers demanded for awareness classes about the web services. The findings of the study will certainly help the university library to provide the web-based services effectively.

Abstract: An approach for creating a clickable link within a presentation during a live collaborative web meeting is provided. The approach identifies one or more uniform resource locators within the presentation. The approach retrieves metadata for each of the one or more uniform resource locators within the presentation. The approach presents the metadata for each of the one or more uniform resource locators with a corresponding image from the presentation. The approach creates the clickable link for each of the one or more uniform resource locators with the corresponding image.

Abstract: Methods, systems, and media for providing a media search engine are provided. In some implementations, a method for searching for content is provided, the method comprising: receiving a media search query for media assets; identifying web search results from a corpus of web resources that are responsive to the media search query, wherein each of the web search results has an associated relevancy score; determining keyword information and contextual information from a subset of the web search results, wherein the subset of the web search results is selected from the web search results based on the associated relevancy score and wherein media entities are determined from at least a portion of the keyword information and the contextual information; assigning a topic score for the each of the media entities based on occurrence in the web search results; selecting at least one media entity from the media entities based on the topic score; identifying media assets from a corpus of media assets based at least in part on the selected media entity; and causing a subset of the media assets to be presented to a user in response to the media search query.

Abstract: There are still various access barriers for deaf users on the Web. Previous studies and accessibility guidelines recommend that text should be written in a simple and clear mode. However, this recommendation is not always possible or applicable, and it does not include deaf users as content producers as well. Instead of trying to simplify or translate all the web content to sign language or simple text language, in this paper we explore how images, avatars and simple text explanations could be used to encourage the learning of written language. This article presents a set of recommendations, prototypes and practices with 15 deaf students and 2 teachers aiming to evaluate design alternatives related to deaf literacy using web resources. The objective is to include the deaf users as text producers and facilitate the communication between hearing and deaf users on synchronous and asynchronous artifacts. Results point out the potentiality, advantages and limitations of the proposed design alternatives and prototypes.

Abstract: Quality reference and user service requires a combi nation of having the right resources, making sense of them for the user, and providing the right services in the right time and place. Reference and user ser vices librarians7 work has in volved developing all aspects, and the Web has had a great impact on each one. Many articles in RUSQ have studied the impact of Web resources and questioned the im plications for service. For a recent example, see Anne Grodzins Lipow7s challenging paper, "Thinking Out Loud,77 in the win ter 1997 issue of RUSQ. It seems that suddenly we are presented with great opportunities for access to resources and great challenges for how to provide service. Because the Web offers such vast implications for reference and user services, RUSQ editor Gail Schlachter has decided to de vote column space to this issue and has generously invited me to edit this column. I am excited to bring my vocational interest in electronic reference to this me dium and to have an excuse to

Abstract: FIELD: information technology.SUBSTANCE: method comprises receiving data from a search engine server via a communication network, containing information on properties that are typical for a resource; evaluating user interaction with a web resource, performed by the user through an electronic device, and determining parameter values for the web resource based on the user interaction; based on the obtained parameter values, as well as properties that are typical for the resource, generating a customised ranking model.EFFECT: improved relevance of information provided to the user, which best matches personal needs of the user.48 cl, 4 dwg

Abstract: The story of the Encyclopedia of Australian Science is fundamental to the story of the eScholarship Research Centre (ESRC) and its predecessors. Published online in 2010, there are data in this public knowledge web resource that can be traced back to the early days of the World Wide Web in the mid-1990s, and earlier to the beginnings of the Australian Science Archives Project (ASAP) in March 1985. ASAP was created to help meet the needs of the history of Australian science research community by locating, documenting and finding an archival home for collections of records and creating a register of where collections relating to the history of science were held in Australia. This paper provides a perspective on the events that led to the web publication of the Encyclopedia of Australian Science in 2010 and its continuing role as a key activity of the ESRC. There is a focus on the reasons why this work was required in the first instance and the lessons learned along the way. The paper reflects on the...

Abstract: Embodiments of the present invention provide methods, computer program products, and systems for suggesting uniform resource locators located at previously unknown hosts to users. Embodiments of the present invention can be used to record uniform resource locators (URLs) associated with web resources accessed by a user and usage details pertaining to the user's usage of the web resources. Responsive to receiving a request to access a hostname not stored in the recorded URLs, embodiments of the present invention can be used to receive URLs associated with web resources available at the hostname and assign weight values to the received URLs based, at least in part, on the usage details and a similarity between the received URLs and the recorded URLs. Embodiments of the present invention can then be used to generate a URL suggestion from the received URLs based, at least in part, on the assigned weight values.

Abstract: The constant evolution of the Web is a worldwide phenomenon that needs to deal quickly with the various segments of current society. Thus, Web content should be accessible to the different user profiles. In this century, the aging population has presented a high rate of demographic growth. Older people (aged 60+) have some of their capacities limited and may face barriers to interact with services and content available on the Web. Despite of legislation and recommendations concerning how to make Web content more accessible and usable, there are still many problems related to accessibility and usability to be solved, especially those related to recent technological advances of current Web resources. The purpose of this study was to investigate the main accessibility and usability issues on websites. The study involved a sample of 20 Brazilian older people. Results showed the most common issues found and participants manifested their main difficulties.

Abstract: The article reviews the key opportunities of using services of web 2. 0 technologies to the educational process. It is shown of Social Software tools: Wiki technology, system of creating blogs, systems of storing and sharing web resources. The basic lines of Wiki-technology,possibility, and methods of the use of it are described in pedagogical practice. The described pedagogical potential of Wiki-technology to organize project activities of students. It should be stressed that Wiki is a piece of server software that allows users to freely create and edit web page content using any web browser. The author focusing on teaching and methodical opportunities of the Internet blogs and systems of storing and sharing web resources (for joint hypertext materials creation, placement of presentations, text documents, photos, video resources, etc.) in professional preparation of the future primary school teachers. It is shown efficiency using of web 2. 0 technologies in the educational work future teachers (by the example of their own resources of Kirovograd State Pedagogical University named after Volodymyr Vynnychenko).

Abstract: Nowadays, huge quantities of data are produced and published on the Web, coming from individuals, connected objects, and organizations. Uncertainty happens when combining data from different sources that contain heterogeneous, contradictory, or incomplete information. Today, there is still a lack of solutions in order to represent uncertainty that appears on the Web. In this paper, we introduce the concept of uncertain RESTful resource and propose a model and an algebra to interpret such resources.

Abstract: В технологической цепочке перевода особое место принадлежит сетевым лексикографическим ресурсам, обеспечивающим ведение терминологических баз языков для специальных целей, выделение не зарегистрированных ранее или новых единиц, их лексикографирование и перевод. Рассматриваются основные особенности современных многоязычных терминологических баз данных, специально анализируются параллельные и сопоставимые корпусы текстов для извлечения терминов и перевода. База терминов EuroTermBank может рассматриваться как опробованная модель многоязычного сетевого ресурса, создание которого должно обеспечить корректную терминологическую и лексикографическую поддержку для перевода документов в различных областях знаний. Рассматриваются методы извлечения терминологии из одноязычных текстов. Библиогр. 24 назв. Ключевые слова: лингвистические технологии, многоязычные лексикографические ресурсы, банк терминов, средства лингвистической поддержки перевода.

Abstract: The Internet is a well-established source of information, and it enables services of many kinds. Over the years, many educational systems proposed online systems for the delivery of courses. Lately, educational services on the web have signi cantly enlarged the opportunity for students and instructors to search for educational materials supporting their educational needs. When we focus on instructors, we note that seeking teaching resources on the web is a widespread practice, and some online systems aim to support instructors in this complex and delicate task. In fact, quality of teaching is, without doubt, an important factor for learning, and an important aspect of teaching is the delivery of quality learning materials to students. At the intersection of Information Retrieval (IR) and Recommender Systems (RS) in education, remarkable results have been achieved in the reuse and recom- mendation of educational resources. Back to 2002, we nd a formalisation of a Learning Object (LO) as an object for enabling the reuse of digital materials for learning. The LO provides some educational characteristics of the content called metadata. This proposal was a breaking-through for nally implementing the shar- ing and reuse of educational materials with the application of IR and RS methods. The literature for RS in education spins around the original concept of Learning Object. However, the notion of LO presents many issues for the structuring of the metadata. In particular, the LO alone is unable to provide su cient data for ac- curately performing recommendations and retrieval of resources. The result is that scholars in the eld propose some modi cations to the structure of the metadata with the production of isolated case-studies about small repositories, sometimes not even publicly available. Today, the world-wide-web is mature enough from the educational perspective. So much so that this thesis will use it as the dataset of teaching resources. Certainly, the retrieval from the web of an educational resource is more complicated than from repositories of LOs. The main di culties are the absence of educational metadata among the web pages, and the huge size of the web. Nevertheless, we should highlight that most of the RS and IR systems in education do not bene t from the current standard of metadata of LO. We nd that most of these research work uncovers the signi cant limitations of LO metadata, and so proposals emerge that modify metadata frameworks of LO for performing a recommendation based on particular educational aspects or conditions. We can see the size of the web as a challenge but also as an excellent oppor- tunity. Transferring IR methods from local repositories of LO to the web faces many problems and most of the methods will not work properly. We believe that the size of the Internet is an excellent leverage point because it provides diversity. This feature is critical for educational resources to meet the diverse education characteristics and users' needs. Therefore, this research addresses the problem of using web pages as potential resources for teaching. We will propose a ranking principle that produces relev- ance positions for web pages which re ects their compliance to a teaching context. We start our research working on the identi cation of those educational attributes of a teaching context that actually carry information useful for rating web pages for teaching. Then, our focus moves towards the design of an educational ranking principle based on our de nition of Teaching Context. We call our ranking principle WebEduRank. WebEduRank is a ranking principle for rating web pages focusing on the teaching side of education. For testing the progress of our WebEduRank, we evaluate the accuracy performance of WebEduRank against Google's ranking, BM25F and TFIDF. To conduct this evaluation, we build a dataset of ratings of web pages in educational contexts. We collect these data via an online survey where instructors create a teaching context of their interest and evaluate the use- fulness of some web pages for teaching in such context. With these data, we rst show that we can use the Instructor Pro le (IP) for building a query for a more accurate retrieval of teaching resources. We compare the performance of BM25F and TFIDF interrogated with a user query and with the IP-informed query. The results of the paired t-tests con rm an improvement of the accuracy of the rankings according to ve accuracy measures. Finally, we evaluate WebEduRank with the same data and methodology, and we also compare the accuracy of its rankings with the relevance placements by Google as well as the IP-informed versions of BM25F and TFIDF. Strong positive results leave no doubt about the better rankings pro- duced by WebEduRank, especially when compared with the rankings of Google. Each of the ve measures report a better ranking from WebEduRank, con rming the possibility of ranking web pages for teaching using our WebEduRank.

Abstract: A system and method for optimization of resource pushing are presented. The method includes intercepting a current request for web content from a client device; determining a current PUSH list from at least one generated PUSH list based on the current request, wherein each generated PUSH list ensures availability of resources to the client device prior to receiving of a response, from an origin server, corresponding to the request; and pushing, in real-time, resources to the client device based on the determined PUSH list. Some embodiments also include a method and system for generating PUSH lists for optimizing asynchronous resource pushing.

Abstract: Previously a framework for integrating web resources providing educational services in dotLRN was presented. The present paper describes the application of this framework in a rural school in Cauca – Colombia. The case study includes two web resources about the topic of waves (physics) which is oriented in secondary education. Web classes and educational resources are designed for a group of 35 tenth graders using the LMS. The academic performance was compared with a second group of 35 students oriented in the traditional way. The objective is to compare the academic performance and effectiveness of using LMS during the educational process.

Abstract: Today, teachers and students spend most of their time on the Internet. They use the Internet not only for communication, playing games, having fun, listening to music, watching movies and sport games, shopping, and so on but also use for getting information about lessons, learning activities, researching and improving themselves. Using internet resources or web media it is possible for teachers to be able to access new methods, techniques, materials and activities related to their lessons, and be aware of their domestic and international colleagues' practices. By this way they develop themselves in terms of personal and professional aspects. In this study, web based applications, tools and resources that support teachers' professional development on the internet are introduced. In addition to Facebook, twitter, YouTube, blogs and wikis that teachers use personally, they can also benefit from e-learning tools such as Educational Information Network (EBA), which is offered to teachers by Ministry of National Education and webinars for professional purposes. These are not only a formal education and training portal, but also serve as a professional development tool for teachers. In this context, this study discusses how teachers can enrich learning-teaching practices through these web resources, how they can communicate in an informal way with their students and colleagues, and how they can improve themselves professionally.

Abstract: Column description. The Internet Resources column is designed to be a clearinghouse for free, online websites or apps; each column focuses on a theme relevant to current issues and trends in academic libraries and features resources selected to make the lives of public services librarians easier. Any comments about the column, including suggestions for themes or recommendations of web resources, can be directed to Melissa Mallon.

Abstract: According to an exemplary embodiment, an apparatus for verifying safety of a resource may include: a resource requester to request a resource to an origin server, whose origin is trustworthy; validation information storage to acquire the resource from the origin server, and store a unique identifier and a signature about a web resource of a cross-domain, which the resource refers to; a validation verifier to compare the unique identifier included in validation information and a unique identifier, which is received from the third party server that includes the cross domain, so as to check the authenticity of the web resource of the cross-domain; and a granter to check the authenticity thereof, determine whether the web resource is a web resource, whose safety is verified by the origin server, and grant an access to the web resource of the cross-domain.

Abstract: The Internet continues its growth and expansion and more and more business related applications are finding their way to the World Wide Web portion of the Internet. The global concept is finally hitting home in the corporate environment and now users are realizing that it is just not a local or regional or even a national resource but a truly global resource! Understanding these facts and combining them with the latest knowledge for web resources (URLs) brings you the latest and greatest information available today!

Abstract: This paper describes how a system currently developed can be used to connect readers of enhanced e-books both to each other, to web resources and to real world locations and events. A set of Natural Language Processing resources are used to annotate relevant e-books and a framework is developed using the original text and the annotated metadata to detect and display semantic connections within the text and from text to relevant web data. This system can be further enhanced to detect connections between users using common reading interests and habits, their location in relation to locations found in text, and their reading and real world localisation history. Users could also be able to share collected data (text and web references, video and audio recordings, other interested readers) improving an individual reader experience and helping to establish a community around a particular e-book or a real life location with literary significance.

Abstract: In investigative learning with Web resources, learners need to define the relationship between the topic and sub-topics through the creation of learning scenario. However, the Web space is not well-structured for learning. It is accordingly difficult for the learners to construct a learning scenario by themselves. The main purpose of this paper is to build up Micro Web inheriting the characteristics of the Web, which involves automatic generation of learning scenario by means of DBpedia Japanese as Linked Open Data (LOD) for Wikipedia. Such generated scenario enables an adaptive support for the learning scenario creation.