Abstract: Unit I: The Study of Family Resource Management 1. The Complexity of Managing Family Resources 2. Understanding Families 3. The Management Process Unit II: Discovering Family Needs 4. Categorization of Needs 5. Values, Attitudes, and Behaviors: Understanding Family Choices Unit III: Understanding Resources 6. Identification of Family Resources 7. Families Within the Economic Environment 8. The Impact of Society on Family Decisions Unit IV: Making Choices 9. Managing the Future 10. Communication Within the Decision-Making Process 11. The Individual Within Family Decision Making Unit V: Implementing and Evaluating Decisions 12. Making It Happen 13. Defining Success 14. Current and Future Challenges Casebook Glossary Web Resources

Abstract: A method, apparatus, and system are directed toward overlaying a cluster of nodes over peers in a peer-to-peer network using a peer identification and communication mechanism. A string based name for a resource in a peer-to-peer network is received and is used to generate a unique identifier using a secure hash algorithm. An advertisement specifying at least one address associated with the resource is associated with the unique identifier. The advertisement is broadcasted. The unique identifier and/or the resource in the peer-to-peer network is associated with a resource in the cluster. A network packet may be addressed to the resource in the cluster by the unique identifier. The network packet may be routed to the address associated with the resource in the cluster using an Open System Interconnection (OSI) Level 2 or above protocol.

Abstract: The WWW is currently experiencing a revolutionary growth due to its increasing participative community software applications. This paper highlights an emerging application development paradigm on the WWW, called mashup. As blogs have enabled anyone to become a publisher, mashups stimulate web development by allowing anyone to combine existing data to develop web applications. Current applications of mashups include tracking of events such as crime, hurricanes, earthquakes, meta-search integration of data and media feeds, interactive games, and as an organizer for web resources. The implications of this emerging web integration and structuring paradigm remains yet to be explored fully. This paper describes mashups from a number of angles, highlighting current developments while providing sufficient illustrations to indicate its potential implications. It also highlights the role of mashups in complementing and enhancing digital journals by providing insights into the quality academic content, extent of coverage, and the enabling of expanded services. We present pioneering initiatives for the Journal of Universal Computer Science in our efforts to harness the collective intelligence of a collaborative scholarly network.

Abstract: Web-based resources have the potential for improving classroom instruction through access to new scholarship, diverse perspectives on historical events and current issues, and online connections to people under study. This study is based on a three-year examination of how social studies teachers make decisions on using websites to rethink their instruction about the world and its peoples. Data were collected on the teachers' backgrounds, their instructional goals, critiques of sites, and their explanations of how web resources were selected and incorporated into their instruction. Findings include the infusion of contrapuntal voices, strategies to incorporate global changes, and some paradoxes about teacher preferences for particular types of websites.

Abstract: Methods and systems for determining the serving area of a web resource by address, by query content, and by business category are provided. A location system may determine the serving area of a web resource based on addresses of users who access the web resource. The location system may determine the serving area for a web site (or other web resource) based on query terms that resulted in a click-through to the web site. The location system may determine the serving area of a web site (or other web resource) based on the business category of the web site and a “provider location” associated with the web site.

Abstract: The GOLD Community of Practice is proposed as a model for linking on-line linguistic data to an ontology. The key components of the model include the linguistic data resources themselves and those focused on the knowledge derived from data. Data resources include the ever-increasing amount of linguistic field data and other descriptive language resources being migrated to the Web. The knowledge resources capture generalizations about the data and are anchored in the General Ontology for Linguistic Description (GOLD). It is argued that such a model is in the spirit of the vision for a Semantic Web and, thus, provides a concrete methodology for rendering highly divergent resources semantically interoperable. The focus of this work, then, is not on annotation at the syntactic level, but rather on how annotated Web resources can be linked to an ontology. Furthermore, a methodology is given for creating specific communities of practice within the overall Web infrastructure for linguistics. Finally, ontology-driven search is discussed as a key application of the proposed model.

Abstract: Background: Information resources on the World Wide Web play an indispensable role in modern biology. But integrating data from multiple sources is often encumbered by the need to reformat data files, convert between naming systems, or perform ongoing maintenance of local copies of public databases. Opportunities for new ways of combining and re-using data are arising as a result of the increasing use of web protocols to transmit structured data. Results: The Firegoose, an extension to the Mozilla Firefox web browser, enables data transfer between web sites and desktop tools. As a component of the Gaggle integration framework, Firegoose can also exchange data with Cytoscape, the R statistical package, Multiexperiment Viewer (MeV), and several other popular desktop software tools. Firegoose adds the capability to easily use local data to query KEGG, EMBL STRING, DAVID, and other widely-used bioinformatics web sites. Query results from these web sites can be transferred to desktop tools for further analysis with a few clicks. Firegoose acquires data from the web by screen scraping, microformats, embedded XML, or web services. We define a microformat, which allows structured information compatible with the Gaggle to be embedded in HTML documents. We demonstrate the capabilities of this software by performing an analysis of the genes activated in the microbe Halobacterium salinarum NRC-1 in response to anaerobic environments. Starting with microarray data, we explore functions of differentially expressed genes by combining data from several public web resources and construct an integrated view of the cellular processes involved. Conclusion: The Firegoose incorporates Mozilla Firefox into the Gaggle environment and enables interactive sharing of data between diverse web resources and desktop software tools without maintaining local copies. Additional web sites can be incorporated easily into the framework using the scripting platform of the Firefox browser. Performing data integration in the browser allows the excellent search and navigation capabilities of the browser to be used in combination with powerful desktop tools.

Abstract: Current Web search/metasearch engines are built to serve all users, independent of the special needs of any individual user in different situations. Personalization of web search is to carry out retrieval for each user incorporating his/her interests. In this paper, we propose a novel adaptive personalized approach based on context to adapting search results according to each user's need in different situations for relevant information with little user effort. After the process of the context-based adaptive personalized search is analyzed, three key technologies to implement this process are presented in details, which are semantic indexing for Web resources, modeling and acquiring user context and semantic similarity matching between Web resources and user context. Experimental results indicate that the adaptive personalized search system is adopted by most of users and our approach to personalize Web search is both effective.

Abstract: We present SOBOLEO, a system for the webbased collaborative engineering of SKOS ontologies and annotation of web resources. SOBOLEO enables the simple creation, extension and maintenance of taxonomies. At the same time, it supports the annotation of web resources with concepts from this taxonomy.

Abstract: Grid technology is a new sustentation for the sharing of global manufacturing resources To promote the application of grid technologies in the manufacturing industry, a framework for a manufacturing grid (MG) has been expatiated The framework is composed of a network infrastructure layer, a manufacturing resource aggregation layer, a manufacturing resource management layer, a manufacturing service application layer and a MG portal layer Modelling manufacturing resources, one key technology of implementing the MG application system, has been studied intensively A manufacturing resource hierarchy model (MRHM), which consists of a manufacturing resource layer, a resource expressing layer and a resource interface layer, is proposed In the model, various manufacturing resources are aggregated into a resource layer; all resource information is encapsulated in an information expressing layer employing XML (extensible markup language) schema; all accessing operations to resources are defined in the resource interface layer using WSDL (web service description language) Lastly, being the validation of MRHM, a standard part library system based on Unigraphics180 and SQL Server2000 is encapsulated as a resource node in the MG The node provides online services like querying information for standard parts, viewing and downloading geometry models of standard parts, and so on

Abstract: Annotea provides an annotation protocol to support collaborative Semantic Web-based annotation of digital resources accessible through the Web. It provides a model whereby a user may attach supplementary information to a resource or part of a resource in the form of: either a simple textual comment; a hyperlink to another web page; a local file; or a semantic tag extracted from a formal ontology and controlled vocabulary. Hence, annotations can be used to attach subjective notes, comments, rankings, queries or tags to enable semantic reasoning across web resources. More recently, tabbed browsers and specific annotation tools, allow users to view several resources (e.g., images, video, audio, text, HTML, PDF) simultaneously in order to carry out side-by-side comparisons. In such scenarios, users frequently want to be able to create and annotate a link or relationship between two or more objects or between segments within those objects. For example, a user might want to create a link between a scene in an original film and the corresponding scene in a remake and attach an annotation to that link. Based on past experiences gained from implementing Annotea within different communities in order to enable knowledge capture, this paper describes and compares alternative ways in which the Annotea Schema may be extended for the purpose of annotating links between multiple resources (or segments of resources). It concludes by identifying and recommending an optimum approach which will enhance the power, flexibility and applicability of Annotea in many domains.

Abstract: This invention provides an issuing method and a system for web resources, in which, the method includes: receiving a request or an instruction of sending web resources to get the device parameter of a terminal receiving the resource and sending an adaptive web resource to the terminal The system includes: a first device used in sending web resources, a second device composed of a first unit for identifying kinds of terminals and a second unit adapting web resources

Abstract: This document presents a description of the COHSE collaborative research project between Sun Microsystems Laboratories and the School of Computer Science at the University of Manchester, UK. The purpose of this document is to summarise the project in terms of the work completed and the results achieved. The focus of the project was an application to enable the dynamic creation of hypertext links between documents on a Web, thus the intended audience for this document comprises those members of academic and industrial research groups whose focus includes the Web in general and the Semantic Web and Hypertext in particular

Abstract: A system and method for automatically providing a Web site resource for a broken Web link are provided Mechanisms are provided for locating Web site resources that have been moved to a new location in a Web site structure in response to receiving a request directed to an old location of the Web site resource, such as via a broken link Index data structures of Web site structures are used to identify the structure of the Web site at various times The index data structures are compared to determine how the Web site structure has been changed and these changes are stored as entries in a differences data structure The differences data structure is then used to locate a moved Web site resource in the event that a request directed to an old location of the Web site resource is received, such as by selection of a broken link

Abstract: Technologies are described herein for dynamically providing a localized user interface (“UI”) resource. A localization framework includes a resource manager, resource sets, and resource readers. The resource manager exposes an application programming interface (“API”) to application programs for requesting a localized UI resource from the resource manager. When the resource manager receives a request for a localized UI resource on the API, the resource manager queries the resource sets for the requested resource. If the first resource set is unable to provide the requested localized UI resource, another resource set may be queried. Multiple resource readers within each resource set may also be configured to provide flexibility in how UI resources are loaded and processed.

Abstract: IMS Learning Designs provide a specification for the activities undertaken by learners within an environment; currently the definition of the environment is typically a set of web resources and files, with the potential to add two basic types of tool: conferencing and mail. In this paper we describe our initial findings on using a lightweight approach to the addition of small applications (‘widgets’) to the palette of options available for Learning Design environments.

Abstract: Web usage mining can play an important role in supporting the navigation on the future Web. In fact detection of common or professional profiles allows browsers and web sites to personalise the user session and to recommend specific resources to the interested people. Semantic web approach seems interesting for this task. We propose in this paper a generic approach for profile detection relying on semantic web technologies. It takes advantages from ontologies, semantic annotations on web resources and inference engines.

Abstract: With the continuous changes in application requirements of the enterprises, Web resources must be updated, so do the underlying ontologies that are associated with the Web resources. In the situation, it is very challenging for ontological engineers to specify the changes of ontologies, keep their consistencies and achieve semantic query of Web resources based on the evolving ontologies. We propose a construct called Prioritized Knowledge Base (PKB) based on SHOQ(D) description logic, and discuss some properties of PKB. PKB can be used for describing the evolutions and updates of ontologies with conflicting information. Furthermore, we develop some algorithms for checking conflict rules and performing semantic query based on PKB.

Abstract: There are methods and apparatus, including computer program products, for receiving web-based resource requests at a first computing system from a second computing system, the first computing system and a second computing system being in electronic communication through a network, each web-based resource request being defined by one or more variable-value pairs; extracting data from the web-based resource requests, the extracted data including a set of variable/value pairs that is associated with a first subset of the web-based resource requests, the set of variable/value pairs including values that have been assigned to a uniform resource locator (URL) variable; and examining the extracted data to infer a web user agent type that is a source of the first subset of the web-based resource requests

Abstract: A method for directing information to a plurality of users, the method including enabling a plurality of users to access a shared web resource having multiple functional capabilities, automatically monitoring interactions of the plurality of users with the shared web resource, automatically analyzing results of the monitoring to ascertain at least one shared characteristic of the plurality of users and employing results of the analyzing to selectively direct non-user originated information to the plurality of users while the plurality of users is accessing the shared web resource.

Abstract: Any Web user is a potential knowledge contributor, but it remains a challenge to make them devote their time contributing to some purpose. In order to align individual with social interests, we selected the CAPTCHA Web resource protection application to embed knowledge elicitation within the users' main task of accessing a Web resource. Consequently, unlike previous knowledge acquisition approaches, no extra effort is expected from users since they are already willing to use a CAPTCHA to perform some particular task. We present an application where we extract pictorial knowledge from Web users, and experiments suggest that our approach enables knowledge acquisition while still satisfying CAPTCHA's security requirements.

Abstract: Vast amount of resources in digital libraries and on the Internet makes the selection of relevant and appropriate resources rather difficult especially for novices and less experienced academics such as students. The article presents an architectural solution for personal recommendation system of web pages targeted to the academic sphere. The solution aims to meet the objective of minimizing the overheads and provide support for PDF documents. The solution is based on a set of heterogeneous components connected

Abstract: The GOLD Community of Practice is proposed as a model for linking on-line linguistic data to an ontology. The key components of the model include the linguistic data resources themselves and those focused on the knowledge derived from data. Data resources include the ever-increasing amount of linguistic field data and other descriptive language resources being migrated to the Web. The knowledge resources capture generalizations about the data and are anchored in the General Ontology for Linguistic Description (GOLD). It is argued that such a model is in the spirit of the vision for a Semantic Web and, thus, provides a concrete methodology for rendering highly divergent resources semantically interoperable. The focus of this work, then, is not on annotation at the syntactic level, but rather on how annotated Web resources can be linked to an ontology. Furthermore, a methodology is given for creating specific communities of practice within the overall Web infrastructure for linguistics. Finally, ontology-driven search is discussed as a key application of the proposed model.

Abstract: The ontology development process is typically led by single or small groups of experts, with users mostly playing a passive role. Such an elitist approach in building ontologies hinders the primary purpose of large-scale knowledge sharing. Collaborative tagging systems have emerged as a new web annotation method proving appealing features in fostering users to collaboratively organize information through their own metadata. Collaborative tagging shifts the creation of metadata for indexing web resources, from an individual professional activity to a collective endeavor, where every user is a potential contributor. In this paper we introduce an approach to knowledge evolution which aims to exploit the ability of collaborative tagging in fostering community members participation to move forward an initial knowledge structure. We present user scenarios about how subscribers of a scientific digital library might play the role of knowledge organizers through personal organization and sharing of citations of interest.

Abstract: Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to indicate that when webotherapy is applied, it can be of benefit to clients in giving them insight into their problems, resulting in a change of behavior.Design/methodology/approach – Webotherapy, which can be conducted with individuals or groups, refers to the use of web resources or other online reading material (e.g. e‐books, e‐journals) to assist clients (especially children and young adults) in their healing process. It may be defined as the use of web resources to help others gain additional insight and to help them cope with everyday life. Most people have probably read web resources to determine how others have approached a delicate issue.Findings – This paper suggests that webotherapy is a potentially powerful method for psychologists, librarians, schoolteachers and counselors to use on many levels. It begins with a brief review of the history of webotherapy, continues with a discussion of some approaches to webotherapy (developmental, clinical, and intera...

Abstract: In contrast to recommending new books and to enhance utilization of one's own books, we 1) propose to build a knowledge base (KB) by collecting book information using Web services, 2) develop a book utilization system (BUS) that enables users to edit additional book information by using an XML database, 3) use a book search using Web service. We also create an infrastructure for sharing existing books among users by extracting featured keywords from KB for individuals' preference visualization. Our book search methodology makes it possible to find and suggest use of available books about "XML", when a user looks for books about "XQuery" by searching Web resources using Web Service.

Abstract: Purpose – The web offers a large and ever expanding range of information sources on the popular and widely researched topic of corporate governance. This paper aims to introduce keys sites of quality and relevance to those interested in researching the field of corporate governance using freely available web resources. It will also aims to prove useful to librarians who wish to develop web‐based subject pathfinders in this field or who want simply to connect with and build their knowledge of major topics and participants in the field of corporate governance.Design/methodology/approach – By way of introduction important or groundbreaking works in the corporate governance literature are identified and cited in the paper to place selected web sites within the context of recent and historic developments in the area of corporate governance. A wide range of web‐based sources were consulted and critically evaluated in the study.Findings – The result of this work is a significant sampling of quality web‐based inf...