Abstract: Applications from artificial intelligence and expert systems research will most likely be incorporated in future information services to improve decision making, to solve problems normally thought to require human intelligence, and to achieve levels of performance previously obtainable only by human experts. Expert systems are creating new methods of replicating and multiplying the value of human expertise while preserving this knowledge in computer storage. The successes achieved by these early systems have been modest, but they hold great promise, and they are attracting widespread interest. Information scientists are exploring potential applications of artificial intelligence as guidance for the development of new information services such as aids in formulating search requests, as general problem treatment schemes, and as expert systems for library management, cataloguing, and reference. The role of the library is changing, and schools need to modify their programmes to prepare students for new roles and new careers in information transfer.

Abstract: Intelligence National Intelligence Organizations Defense Department Intelligence Organizations Military Service Intelligence Organizations Unified Command Intelligence Organizations Civilian Intelligence Organizations Imagery Collection, Interpretation, and Dissemination Signals Intelligence Measurement and Signature Intelligence Space Surveillance Human Intelligence Open Sources, Technical Surveillance and Emplaced Sensors, and Materiel Exploitation Intelligence Sharing Analysis and Production Counterintelligence Covert Action Management and Direction Managing Intelligence Collection and Covert Actions Managing Information Access and Analysis Issues and Challenges