Abstract: Designing and maintaining Web applications is one of the major challenges for the software industry of the year 2000. In this paper we present Web Modeling Language (WebML), a notation for specifying complex Web sites at the conceptual level. WebML enables the high-level description of a Web site under distinct orthogonal dimensions: its data content (structural model), the pages that compose it (composition model), the topology of links between pages (navigation model), the layout and graphic requirements for page rendering (presentation model), and the customization features for one-to-one content delivery (personalization model). All the concepts of WebML are associated with a graphic notation and a textual XML syntax. WebML specifications are independent of both the client-side language used for delivering the application to users, and of the server-side platform used to bind data to pages, but they can be effectively used to produce a site implementation in a specific technological setting. WebML guarantees a model-driven approach to Web site development, which is a key factor for defining a novel generation of CASE tools for the construction of complex sites, supporting advanced features like multi-device access, personalization, and evolution management. The WebML language and its accompanying design method are fully implemented in a pre-competitive Web design tool suite, called ToriiSoft.

Abstract: Publisher Summary With each new technological advance comes a change in the methods and environments of doing psychological research. The Internet-based study adds a new tool for collecting subjects that goes well beyond using introductory psychology students, phone and mail surveys, and the exhausting effort of soliciting subjects from the community. By its very nature, the Web makes it easy to collect large samples. It allows more efficient examinations of person variables such as gender, ethnicity, country of origin, age, and language experience. For Web research, there are two primary ways to establish validity such as comparing results from a Web-based study to a laboratory based study, and examination of the research to see if the results follow theoretically predicted trends. However, there is a broader issue of validity that deals with the issue of the generalizability of the results. This conclusion is made because Web-based samples tend to be more diverse than most laboratory samples. With respect to issues of validity, Web-based research is even more complex than most methods. The Web allows basically any type of research design that is possible using computers as equipment and humans as subjects, including surveys, psychological tests, correlational designs, and experimental methods. In addition, the validity of Web-based research may vary for the different psychological variables studied. This chapter summarizes these results in an effort to determine whether the Internet and the World Wide Web are valid or invalid media for conducting research.

Abstract: Being able to identify the groups of clients that are responsible for a significant portion of a Web site's requests can be helpful to both the Web site and the clients. In a Web application, it is beneficial to move content closer to groups of clients that are responsible for large subsets of requests to an origin server. We introduce clusters---a grouping of clients that are close together topologically and likely to be under common administrative control. We identify clusters using a ``network-aware" method, based on information available from BGP routing table snapshots.

Abstract: The system provides an automated, centralized back-end payroll service with a full-featured web-based payroll system. Both aspects of the system have access to a central database, which includes profile information on employers (30) and employees (40); timesheets, salary and hourly wage data (50); overtime data; employee benefit data (60) and information regarding third-party providers and miscellaneous payees. The full-featured payroll system functionality is implemented in a manner that provides employers and employees (to the extent security policies permit) with a robust, data-driven user interface with a standard web browser. The central database provides the system's back-end (server-side) payroll service functionality with constant access to the data. The system implements and enforces compliance with a wide variety of tax-related and employment-related rules across federal, state and local jurisdictions relating for example to overtime pay, benefit limits, payment frequency, and scheduled reporting requirements.

Abstract: A full-featured e-mail system is used in both Internet-based and client-side (personal computer) forms. In each form, either basic e-mail service is provided to system subscribers or a secure, premium service with authentication, concealment, integrity, and non-repudiation functions for electronic messaging services is provided. In either form and at either level of service, subscribers can work off-line on their own computers with proprietary software loaded or, alternatively, on-line on any computer with an Internet connection. The system is interoperable, to preserve security, with all S/MIME compliant software applications, even for those users not subscribing to a service implementing the disclosed sytem. Digital certificates can be provided as a security service of the disclosed system, rather than requiring a second source with separate verification procedures.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for automatically gathering, summarizing, and indexing real-time information derived from real-time communication on the Internet, such as Internet chat sessions, or any other comparable form of real-time communication on the Internet. The present invention provides live information selection and analysis and provides basic functionality of crawling, indexing and summarizing chat room data, as well as generating messages, such as advertisements, responsive to the subject matter of the communication.

Abstract: FAQ About This Book. Meet Web-Based Training. Evaluate WBT. Pick an Approach. Build the Framework. Organize Learning Sequences. Activate Learning. Test and Exercise Learning. Promote Collaboration. Teach in the Virtual Classroom. Motivate Learners. Go Global. Overcome Technical Hurdles. Venture Beyond Courses. Contemplate the Future. References. Index.

Abstract: A system for a web-based call center (18) to provide assistance to multiple simultaneous customers (10). The system includes at least one external communication pathway through which a customer can submit a request to the enterprise contact center (20). The enterprise contact center (20) includes a pool of agents (28) that can provide information in response to requests submitted by customers (10). The system also includes a software engine that routes and schedules customer request to available agents via internal communication pathways. Agents (28) can view customer data on a user interface. The customer data can aid the agents (28) in providing information to the customers (10). Agents (28) can multitask by providing assistance to multiple customers (10) at one time. Agents (28) can respond to customer requests using web and telephone communication pathways.

Abstract: This paper describes a methodology for the development of WWW applications and a tool environment specifically tailored for the methodology. The methodology and the development environment are based upon models and techniques already used in the hypermedia, information systems, and software engineering fields, adapted and blended in an original mix. The foundation of the proposal is the conceptual design of WWW applications, using HDM-lite, a notation for the specification of structure, navigation, and presentation semantics. The conceptual schema is then translated into a “traditional” database schema, which describes both the organization of the content and the desired navigation and presentation features. The WWW pages can therefore be dynamically generated from the database content, following the navigation requests of the user. A CASE environment, called Autoweb System, offers a set of software tools, which assist the design and the execution of a WWW application, in all its different aspects, Real-life experiences of the use of the methodology and of the AutoWeb System in both the industrial and academic context are reported.

Abstract: Interactive voice response (IVR) services are provided to an end user at a telephone terminal (201) connected to the PSTN (202) through a telephone/IP server (205) that serves as an interface between the PSTN and an IP network (204) such as the Internet. A first IVR service is provided by a web server (203) running a service logic (207) for that service, which produces pages formatted in a phone markup language (PML) in response to an HTTP request sent over the IP network by the telephone/IP server to the web server at the URL address associated with the service. These pages represent an interactive dialog for that first service, which when received by the telephone/IP server, are translated and converted to audio by an interpreter (206) for audio presentation to the end user. The end user's responses, either verbal or touch-tone, to questions posed during the dialog are collected by the telephone/IP server, translated, and forwarded to the web server. Hyperlinks to a second IVR service offered on a web server (208) at a different URL address are embedded and associated with a specific question or statement in a PML-formatted page produced by the first service. When the end user affirmatively responds to that statement or question through a verbal or touch-tone input, the telephone/IP server translates that response as a "click" on the hyperlink and establishes a virtual connection to the hyperlinked URL address of the web server providing the second service. Further, information associated with the end user's interaction with the first service, such as his identity, PIN, and/or zip code, is transferred to the second service by means of a cookie, URL encoding or other information transference mechanism, to provide an audio experience that seamlessly transfers the end user from the first service to the second.

Abstract: This article presents a framework to assess the dynamic interaction of technology used to offer Web-based courses, the teaching-learning practices in these courses, and the outcomes enabled by the technology. Concepts of the model include outcomes, educational practices, faculty support, learner support, and use of technology. Variables are identified for each of the concepts.

Abstract: E-commerce, web-based booking systems, and on-line auction systems are only a few examples that demonstrate how web sites are evolving from essentially read-only information repositories to distributed applications. These new web applications blend navigation and browsing capabilities, common to hypermedia, with "classical" operations (or transactions), common to traditional information systems. The coupling between hypermedia and operational features raises a number of novel modeling issues. Conceptual modeling for web applications is not just the union of two activities performed in isolation - designing the operations and designing the hypermedia aspects. Rather, modeling the integration (and interference) of the two facets of design (hypermedia and operations) is the issue. The co-existence of operational and navigational aspects poses several new problems to designers: For example, how do information structures and navigation support operations? How do operations affect information structures and navigation? How do operations and navigation interplay? How are user tasks related to both navigation and operations? The paper discusses these and other questions, and provides a contribution toward possible solutions, based upon the W2000 design framework.

Abstract: New technologies, especially the World-Wide Web technologies, have created many opportunities for research about Decision Support Systems This paper reviews key concepts and technical issues The technology of DSS is evolving rapidly and academic researchers need to catch-up with practitioners who are implementing innovative DSS The paper briefly mentions a number of Web sites with innovative DSS that highlight current developments Much remains however to be investigated and studied if DSS are to contribute to a company’s success

Abstract: The present invention is a calendaring system implemented as a JavaScript application for program execution on individual Internet browsers alter being downloaded by a webserver. The JavaScript application generates HTML on-the-fly and a graphical user interface is displayed on a user's screen. The result is an interactive scheduling system that can be shared between users on the Internet.

Abstract: The new era consumer electronic commerce web based storefront design and development technology and infrastructure business to business electronic commerce enterprise management information services and digital products security, privacy, and legal issues. The complete table of contents can be found on the Internet.

Abstract: This study examines how students enrolled in two Web-based sections of a technical writing class performed compared to students enrolled in a conventional version of the class. Although no significant difference in student performance was found between the two learning conditions, our data reveal intriguing relationships between students' prior knowledge, attitudes, and learning styles and our Web-based writing environment. One finding that we focus on is that reflective, global learners performed significantly better online than active, sequential learners, whereas there was no difference between them in the conventional class. Our study highlights the complexity of effective teaching and the difficulty of making comparisons between the online and the classroom environments. In particular, we maintain that the transfer of active learning strategies to the Web is not straightforward and that interactivity as a goal of instructional Web site design requires significant elaboration.

Abstract: Acknowledgments. About the Author. Introduction. Who Should Read This Book. Book Distinctives. Integrated Coverage of Servlets and JSP. Real Code. Step-by-Step Instructions. Server Configuration and Usage Details. How This Book Is Organized. I. The Basics. II. Web Applications. III. Web Application Security. IV. Major New Servlet JSP Capabilities. V. New Tag Library Capabilities. Conventions. About the Web Site. I. THE BASICS. 1. Server Setup and Configuration. Download the Java Development Kit (JDK). Download a Server for Your Desktop. Change the Port and Configure Other Server Settings. Test the Server. Try Some Simple HTML and JSP Pages. Set Up Your Development Environment. Compile and Test Some Simple Servlets. Establish a Simplified Deployment Method. Deployment Directories for Default Web Application: Summary. 2. A Fast Introduction to Basic Servlet Programming. The Advantages of Servlets Over "Traditional" CG. Basic Servlet Structure. The Servlet Life Cycle. The Client Request: Form Data. The Client Request: HTTP Request Headers. The Servlet Equivalent of the Standard CGI Variables. The Server Response: HTTP Status Codes. The Server Response: HTTP Response Headers. Cookies. Session Tracking. 3. A Fast Introduction to Basic JSP Programming. JSP Overview. Advantages of JSP. Invoking Code with JSP Scripting Elements. Structuring Autogenerated Servlets: The JSP page Directive. Including Files and Applets in JSP Documents. Using JavaBeans with JSP. Defining Custom JSP Tag Libraries. Integrating Servlets and JSP: The MVC Architecture. II. WEB APPLICATIONS. 4. Using and Deploying Web Applications. Registering Web Applications. Structure of a Web Application. Deploying Web Applications in WAR Files. Recording Dependencies on Server Libraries. Handling Relative URLs in Web Applications. Sharing Data Among Web Applications. 5. Controlling Web Application. Behavior with web.xml. Defining the Header and Root Elements. The Order of Elements within the Deployment Descriptor. Assigning Names and Custom URLs. Disabling the Invoker Servlet. Initializing and Preloading Servlets and JSP Pages. Declaring Filters. Specifying Welcome Pages. Designating Pages to Handle Errors. Providing Security. Controlling Session Timeouts. Documenting Web Applications. Associating Files with MIME Types. Locating Tag Library Descriptors. Designating Application Event Listeners. J2EE Elements. 6. A Sample Web Application: An Online Boat Shop. General Configuration Files. The Top-Level Page. The Second-Level Pages. The Item Display Servlet. The Purchase Display Page. III. WEB APPLICATION SECURITY. 7. Declarative Security. Form-Based Authentication. Example: Form-Based Authentication. BASIC Authentication. Example: BASIC Authentication. Configuring Tomcat to Use SSL. 8. Programmatic Security. Combining Container-Managed and Programmatic Security. Example: Combining Container-Managed and Programmatic Security. Handling All Security Programmatically. Example: Handling All Security Programmatically. Using Programmatic Security with SSL. Example: Programmatic Security and SSL. IV. MAJOR NEW SERVLET AND JSP CAPABILITIES. 9. Servlet and JSP Filters. Creating Basic Filters. Example: A Reporting Filter. Accessing the Servlet Context from Filters. Example: A Logging Filter. Using Filter Initialization Parameters. Example: An Access Time Filter. Blocking the Response. Example: A Prohibited-Site Filter. Modifying the Response. Example: A Replacement Filter. Example: A Compression Filter. The Complete Filter Deployment Descriptor. 10. The Application Events Framework. Monitoring Creation and Destruction of the Servlet Context. Example: Initializing Commonly Used Data. Detecting Changes in Servlet Context Attributes. Example: Monitoring Changes to Commonly Used Data. Packaging Listeners with Tag Libraries. Example: Packaging the Company Name Listeners. Recognizing Session Creation and Destruction. Example: A Listener That Counts Sessions. Watching for Changes in Session Attributes. Example: Monitoring Yacht Orders. Using Multiple Cooperating Listeners. The Complete Events Deployment Descriptor. V. NEW TAG LIBRARY CAPABILITIES. 11. New Tag Library Features in JSP 1.2. Using the New Tag Library Descriptor Format. Bundling Listeners with Tag Libraries. Checking Syntax with TagLibraryValidator. Aside: Parsing XML with SAX 2.0. Handling Exceptions with the TryCatchFinally Interface. New Names for Return Values. Looping without Generating BodyContent. Introducing Scripting Variables in the TLD File. 12. The JSP Standard Tag Library. Using JSTL: An Overview. Installing and Configuring JSTL. Looping with the forEach Tag. Accessing the Loop Status. Looping with the forTokens Tag. Evaluating Items Conditionally. Using the Expression Language. Appendix: Server Organization and Structure. Index.

Abstract: The World Wide Web and email are used increasingly for purchasing and selling products. The use of the internet for these functions represents a significant departure from the standard range of information retrieval and communication tasks for which it has most often been used. Electronic commerce should not be assumed to be information retrieval, it is a separate task-domain, and the software systems that support it should be designed from the perspective of its goals and constraints. At present there are many different approaches to the problem of how to support seller and buyer goals using the internet. They range from standard, hierarchically arranged, hyperlink pages to “electronic sales assistants”, and from text-based pages to 3D virtual environments. In this paper, we briefly introduce the electronic commerce task from the perspective of the buyer, and then review and analyse the technologies. A framework is then proposed to describe the design dimensions of electronic commerce. We illustrate how this framework may be used to generate additional, hypothetical technologies that may be worth further exploration.

Abstract: We propose a precise UML-based authoring method for Web applications. This authoring method is part of the UML-based Web Engineering (UWE) approach. Starting with a requirement analysis done by use cases technique, it focuses on the design phase. The conceptual model of the application is used as guideline for modeling the navigation space. From the navigation space model we derive, in a next step, a navigation structure model which shows how to navigate through the navigation space using access elements like indexes, guided tours, queries and menus. Finally, a presentation model is constructed based on the navigation structure model. It provides an appropriate UML notation to support sketching and storyboarding. In addition, we suggest to use UML interaction diagrams to represent the presentation flow. During the whole development process we identify steps that can be performed in an automatic way thus providing the basis for a generation mechanism for Web application design. The different models of the design process are represented by using a UML conform extension of UML for Web applications (UML profile). The authoring process is illustrated with an example: a Web–based conference review system. The strength of the presented Web engineering approach is given by the fact that we use exclusively the UML notation and techniques. Moreover, our specification of constraints with OCL (part of UML) allows augmenting the exactitude of the models. In the same way our methodology has a high degree of precision in the description of guidelines of the authoring process of Web application, which can even partially be automated.

Abstract: In recent years, Web applications have grown rapidly. As Web applications become complex, there is a growing concern about their quality and reliability. In this paper we present a methodology that uses an object-oriented Web Test Model (WTM) to support Web application testing. The test model captures both structural and behavioral test artifacts of Web applications and represents the artifacts form the object, behavior and structure perspectives. Based on the test model, both structural and behavioral test cases can be derived automatically to ensure the quality of Web applications. Moreover the model also can be used as a road map to identify change ripple effects and to find cost-effective testing strategies for reducing test efforts required in the regression testing.

Abstract: The Internet is changing the very nature of society in ways unparalleled since the industrial revolution. It is affecting local, national and global economies and their infrastructures. Information is available at any time from any place to any Internet user. This is creating tremendous opportunities for universities to provide a learning environment that is accessible to all. The " same time, same place, only some people " traditional educational environment is giving way to " anytime, anyplace and anybody " instructional models. For universities, the question becomes how to preserve and expand the desirable aspects of face-to-face teaching models when translating them into the new environment of Web-based education (WBE). This challenge is made even more complex when seen in the context of other trends in education: the transition from passive classroom lectures to hands-on, student-centered, interactive learning; the perception of students as " customers, " with increased control over the learning process; a higher education market where traditional universities have to compete with for-profit enterprises. This chapter examines Web-based education and argues that it can successfully simulate face-to-face teaching models, while adding some unique features made possible by the technology. To be successful, however, this simulation requires adjustments in many areas, including student assessment , faculty training and expectations, and student expectations and motivation. In addition, the chapter examines several critical aspects of Web

Abstract: The system provides an integrated approach to providing users of the computer system with education, information and computer assisted help on a specific subject, problem or a project. The system further offers flexibility in providing direct human interaction by linking a group of experts through a web site. For a specific subject, the system provides two distinct paths to the user, an Education Path and an Expert Assistance Path. The system further provides the user an opportunity to contact an expert through direct e-mail link, or to chat on-line with an expert and to obtain phone call assistance at the user's request.

Abstract: A system and method for searching for Internet-based repositories within a distributed computing environment are provided. A client on a device may interact with a search service on the same or a different device to find spaces (i.e., network-accessible XML object repositories) for storage and/or retrieval of data. The client may send an XML search request to the search service. The search request may include one or more desired characteristics, such as keywords, which are sought of a space. Based upon the search request, the search service may generate search results including locations (e.g., URIs) of one or more resulting spaces. The spaces may include web pages. In generating the search results, the search service may interact with a network-accessible third-party search engine, such as a browser-accessible search engine. The search service may obtain a service advertisement for each of the resulting spaces. Each service advertisement includes information which is usable to access the respective space. The search service may send the search results, including the advertisements and/or URIs, to the client to enable the client to access the resulting spacees at their respective locations. The search service may store the search results in a results space and send the address of the results space to the client.

Abstract: A workflow, enterprise, and mail-enabled application server and platform supports distributed computing and remote execution of web applications Lotus Domino online services (DOLS) is used by a web site administrator to configure Internet Notes (iNotes) clients to auto download from server, thus providing iNotes clients with web access using HTTP with various browsers, and with local processing and replication A local run time model comprises a hierarchy of models including object data store model, security model, indexing model, replication model, agent workflow model and mail model DOLS provides a layered security model that allows flexibility for controlling access to all or part of an application The highest level of security is managed through a database access control list (ACL) Further refinements within the security model provide access to specific documents, and their views, forms or folders, and include read access lists, write access lists, form access lists and readers and authors fields