Warhead

Abstract: Precession and nutation of the warhead and the wobble of decoys are the typical micro-motions of ballistic targets, and micro-Doppler analysis is a new way to investigate micro-motions. Based on the difference of micro-motions between the warhead and decoys, micro-Doppler signatures might be extracted for radar target identification, which is seen as a good method and a technique of great potential. We build micro-motion models of a ballistic missile target, including precession, nutation, and wobble; develop a novel model of micro-Doppler modulations based on the proposed concept of the micro-motion matrix; derive the formulas of micro-Doppler induced by the three micro-motions; and verify them by simulation studies. In order to further approach the actual case, the effective point scatterer model and the occlusion effect are considered in micro-Doppler, and the simulated results are shown compared with ones under the fixed point scatterer model and without the occlusion effect. In addition the precession experiment is performed in a microwave chamber, and the measured result is in accordance with the simulated result and the computed result.

Abstract: Targeted covalent inhibition is an established approach for increasing the potency and selectivity of potential drug candidates, as well as identifying potent and selective tool compounds for target validation studies. It is evident that identification of reversible recognition elements is essential for selective covalent inhibition, but this must also be achieved with the appropriate level of inherent reactivity of the reactive functionality (or “warhead”). Structural changes that increase or decrease warhead reactivity, guided by methods to predict the effect of those changes, have the potential to tune warhead reactivity and negate issues related to potency and/or toxicity. The half-life to adduct formation with glutathione (GSH t1/2) is a useful assay for measuring the reactivity of cysteine-targeting covalent warheads but is limited to synthesized molecules. In this manuscript we assess the ability of several experimental and computational approaches to predict GSH t1/2 for a range of cysteine target...

Abstract: A fragmentation warhead device has a fabric liner woven from high-strength fibers located between the explosive charge and the fragments. The liner has a maximum diameter larger than that of the overall warhead, and is compressed to fit closely around the explosive charge prior to detonation by forming one or more longitudinal folds or pleats in the fabric. The fragments are retained against the outer surface of the sleeve prior to detonation by a suitable outer enclosure, and may be located between adjacent pleats in the fabric. On detonation, the sleeve expands to contain the gases produced by the explosion for an extended period of time.

Abstract: The ability to discriminate between ballistic missile warheads and confusing objects is an important topic from different points of view. In particular, the high cost of the interceptors with respect to tactical missiles may lead to an ammunition problem. Moreover, since the time interval in which the defense system can intercept the missile is very short with respect to target velocities, it is fundamental to minimize the number of shoots per kill. For this reason, a reliable technique to classify warheads and confusing objects is required. In the efficient warhead classification system presented in this paper, a model and a robust framework is developed, which incorporates different micro-Doppler-based classification techniques. The reliability of the proposed framework is tested on both simulated and real data.