TL;DR: In this article, a novel take-off and landing system using ground-based power is proposed in the EUFP7 project GABRIEL, where the main focus is the calculation of the impact loads on both aircraft and ground system for a wide range of landing conditions.
Abstract: A novel take-off and landing system using ground based power is proposed in the EUFP7 project GABRIEL. The proposed system has the potential benefit to reduce aircraft weight, emissions and noise. A preliminary investigation of the feasibility of the structural design of the connection mechanism between aircraft and ground system has been performed by simulating the landing procedure on a moving ground system. One of the key challenges is the landing on a moving ground system under high crosswind conditions. The main focus in the current research is the calculation of the impact loads on both aircraft and ground system for a wide range of landing conditions (sink rate, velocity differences between aircraft and ground system, etc.). For comparison, conventional landing procedures with a traditional landing gear have also been simulated. Two different aerodynamic models (empirical and vortex lattice method) have been used and compared in the simulations for verification and validation purposes. The results of this research study are a set of load cases and operational constraints that can be used for the structural design of the ground system and modifications to the aircraft. Detailed values are presented in the paper.
TL;DR: A preliminary aerodynamic performance prediction model has been constructed for the Darrieus turbine using a vortex lattice method of analysis and a series of experiments were conducted for the express purpose of validating the analytical model.
Abstract: A preliminary aerodynamic performance prediction model has been constructed for the Darrieus turbine using a vortex lattice method of analysis. A series of experiments were conducted for the express purpose of validating the analytical model. These experiments were conducted on a series of two dimensional rotor configurations which were towed in a large tank of water. The use of water as a working fluid was intended to facilitate both flow visualization and the ability to measure aerodynamic blade forces while allowing operation at sufficiently high Reynolds numbers. The primary purpose of this research was to allow reasonable predictions of aerodynamic blade forces and moments to be made.
TL;DR: The Unsteady Vortex-Lattice Method (UVM) as mentioned in this paper provides a medium-fidelity tool for the prediction of non-stationary aerodynamic loads in low-speed, but high-Reynolds-number, attached flow conditions.
TL;DR: In this article, a general technique for constructing reduced order models of unsteady aerodynamic flows about two-dimensional isolated airfoils, cascades of airfoil, and three-dimensional wings is developed.
Abstract: A general technique for constructing reduced order models of unsteady aerodynamic flows about twodimensional isolated airfoils, cascades of airfoils, and three-dimensional wings is developed. The starting point is a time domain computational model of the unsteady small disturbance flow. For illustration purposes, we apply the technique to an unsteady incompressible vortex lattice model. The eigenmodes of the system, which may be thought of as aerodynamic states, are computed and subsequently used to construct computationally efficient, reduced order models of the unsteady flowfield. Only a handful of the most dominant eigenmodes are retained in the reduced order model. The effect of the remaining eigenmodes is included approximately using a static correction technique. An important advantage of the present method is that once the eigenmode information has been computed, reduced order models can be constructed for any number of arbitrary modes of airfoil motion very inexpensively. Numerical examples are presented that demonstrate the accuracy and computational efficiency of the present method. Finally, we show how the reduced order model may be incorporated into an aeroelastic flutter model.