TL;DR: In this article, the authors consider the problem of keeping the liability of the master within reasonable limits, in order to determine whether the conduct of the servant, in view of the nature of his work, could reasonably have been foreseen.
Abstract: In order to keep the liability of the master within reasonable limits, one must determine whether the conduct of the servant, in view of the nature of his work, could reasonably have been foreseen.
TL;DR: The United Nations International Criminal Court is still on the drawing board as discussed by the authors and there is no effective enforcement mechanism for international criminal law; however, there are many problems that have inhibited the use of criminal sanctions for protecting the environment on a national level and these carry over into the international level.
Abstract: While pollutants recognize no jurisdictional boundaries and, therefore, constitute a threat to people everywhere, there has been little effort to utilize criminal sanctions within the framework of international law to control them. A partial explanation for this may be the fact that there is really no effective enforcement mechanism for international criminal law; the United Nations International Criminal Court is still on the drawing board. Certain pollution offenses have become matters of international criminal law by being subjected to universal jurisdiction under national law. However, there are many problems that have inhibited the use of criminal sanctions for protecting the environment on a national level and these carry over into the international level. These include: qualification, quantification, strict liability, vicarious liability, corporate liability, proof, abuse of power, changing priorities, inadequate enforcement, and countervailing penalization policies and trends toward decriminalizat...
TL;DR: In this article, the authors present a Code of Practice Continuous Employment Collective Agreements Conciliation and Arbitration Service Contract of Employment Directors Disability Discrimination Disclosure of Information Discrimination and Equal Opportunities I to III Education and Training Employee or Self-Employed? Employee Participation Employee Participation Employees' Past Criminal Convictions Engagement of employees Employment Tribunals I to 3 Equal Pay European Community Law Foreign Employees Health and Safety at Work I and II Holidays Human Rights Insolvency of Employer Introduction Maternity Rights PayI and II Probationary Employees Public Sector Employees Redundancy I
Abstract: "Advisory Children and Young Persons, Codes of Practice Continuous Employment Collective Agreements Conciliation and Arbitration Service Contract of Employment Directors Disability Discrimination Disclosure of Information Discrimination and Equal Opportunities I to III Education and Training Employee or Self-Employed? Employee Participation Employees' Past Criminal Convictions Engagement of Employees Employment Tribunals I to III Equal Pay European Community Law Foreign Employees Health and Safety at Work I and II Holidays Human Rights Insolvency of Employer Introduction Maternity Rights Pay I and II Probationary Employees Public Sector Employees Redundancy I and II References Restraint of Trade Retirement Service Lettings Sickness and Sick Pay Strikes and Industrial Action Temporary and Seasonal Employees Termination of Employment Trade Unions I and II Taxation Time Off Work Transfer of Undertakings Unfair Dismissal I to III Vicarious Liability Working Time Wrongful Dismissal."