TL;DR: In this article, the authors search the literature to identify and classify formats used to present combinations of ecosystem service information types, and develop criteria to determine which features of these formats support instrumental and conceptual decisions.
Abstract: Monetary valuation is often used as a measure of ecosystem service value but is not appropriate for all Ecosystem Services. The ecosystem service literature has devised various formats to present monetary values together with other types of ecosystem service information, but these are rarely tested in a decision-making context. We search the literature to identify and classify formats used to present combinations of ecosystem service information types, and develop criteria to determine which features of these formats support instrumental and conceptual decisions. We find that many of the presentation formats present ecosystem service information in a way that supports conceptual discussions, but only a few formats present the information needed to make instrumental decisions. Furthermore, some of our assessment criteria are not met by any of the presentation formats. These gaps suggest further research areas to strengthen the usefulness of ecosystem service assessments in decision making.
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors identify systematic differences in perception of the real estate market caused by the frames through which people obtain market information, and they operationalise these frames through manipulation of data presentation in a commercial realestate market report, selectively controlling time scale, proportionality distortion and negative value presentation.
Abstract: The study seeks to identify systematic differences in perception of the real estate market caused by the frames through which people obtain market information. We operationalise the frames through manipulation of data presentation in a commercial real estate market report, selectively controlling time scale, proportionality distortion and negative value presentation. Our findings suggest that such differences are real and their effects should be taken into account in the design and interpretation of market reports.