Topic
User-in-the-loop
About: User-in-the-loop is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 26 publications have been published within this topic receiving 287 citations.
Papers
TL;DR: This article proposes spatial control, in which the user is encouraged to move to a less congested location, and temporal control,In which incentives ensure that the user reduces (or postpones) his current data demand in case the network is congested.
Abstract: The demand for wireless access data rates is growing exponentially at a pace where supply cannot keep up with. Wireless resources (spectrum, time, space) are limited and shared, and transmission rates cannot be improved anymore solely with physical layer innovations. On the consumer side, flat rate type tariffs have established unnecessarily high expectations and often wasteful consumption. Dealing with congestion is unavoidable as a consequence of operating in a regime where demand is close to, equal to, or exceeding the supply. We can no longer assume that the current over-provisioning approach continues to be feasible. Complementary to the engineering for the growth of the supply side, this article focuses on the engineering for the control of the demand side. An approach referred to as the “user-in-the-loop” (UIL) is therefore motivated here. This article proposes spatial control, in which the user is encouraged to move to a less congested location, and temporal control, in which incentives (e.g., dynamic pricing) ensure that the user reduces (or postpones) his current data demand in case the network is congested. Results from a survey, which measures how willing a user is to respond to such control, are also presented. As users are modeled by a system-theoretic box in a closed-loop (control) system, they feature an input handle for incentives and an output handle for the reaction. Incentives can be progressive tariffs, reward programs, higher access rates, or even environmental (green) indicators. Incentives are tailored to the major Quality-of-Service (QoS) classes and help to shape the demand at the application layer-7 as well as at the user (“layer-8”). UIL can safely be applied in addition to other technologies, which are mainly for increasing the supplied capacity.
59 citations
TL;DR: The new paradigm introduced in this paper motivates users to opportunistically change location according to operator recommendation displayed on the user terminal to achieve a much better SINR than currently available.
Abstract: Wireless cellular networks perform with a system spectral efficiency which depends on the user terminal distribution over the cell area. Due to the adaptive modulation and coding schemes used which depend on the signal-to-interference+noise (SINR) ratio, the achievable data rate is typically an order of magnitude higher in the cell center compared to the cell edge. The performance of IMT-Advanced cellular radio systems like IEEE 802.16m and 3GPP LTE-A will strongly depend on algorithms to cope with the low SINR in the service area. The new paradigm introduced in this paper motivates users to opportunistically change location according to operator recommendation displayed on the user terminal to achieve a much better SINR than currently available. Benefits are the increase of network capacity and higher data rates or potentially a financial incentive for the convinced users. Numeric results based on analysis of IMT scenarios are provided suggesting large cell spectral efficiency gains.
28 citations
18 Nov 2011
TL;DR: This paper investigates QoS-aware demand shaping and control by user-in-the-loop and tariff-based control and investigates how to engineer for controlling the demand side.
Abstract: The new field of green communications can be divided into a) energy-efficient communications equipment or b) using information and communication technology to improve the world to become more energy aware. Mobile data traffic and utility energy consumption have a lot in common. There is a limited supply due to limited resources, and only growth (of quantities, technology) can increase this, at the cost of a higher carbon footprint. The green index is defined here for cellular wireless. On the other hand there is a demand which is user-generated, variable over time and space, and ever increasing at a fast pace. Flat rates or almost flat utility tariffs have spoiled users and established high user expectations. Instead of engineering for the growth of supply, this paper investigates how to engineer for controlling the demand side. Dealing with congestion is a consequence of the supply=demand regime and the end of overprovisioning. New tariffs are required that are tailored to the major QoS classes and help to shape demand at the user and application level. This paper investigates QoS-aware demand shaping and control by user-in-the-loop and tariff-based control.
27 citations
1 Oct 2010
TL;DR: The chances of letting the user participate in the process such that his mobility becomes utility-driven, in a similar way the user behaves in 802.11 hotspot areas are investigated and the old and new paradigms are compared.
Abstract: OFDMA has become the key technology for future cellular wireless networks like the IMT-Advanced systems IEEE 802.16m and 3GPP LTE-A. The advantage of allowing different modulation&coding schemes (PhyModes) adaptively for each radio resource is at the same time a new disadvantage because the performance is now distance-dependent from the base station (BS) and the total spectral efficiency depends on how user terminals (UTs) are provided with service opportunities. Instead of increasing the effort to support cell-edge users with high data rates this paper investigates the chances of letting the user participate in the process such that his mobility becomes utility-driven, in a similar way the user behaves in 802.11 hotspot areas. The user's willingness to move to regions of higher SINR must be supported by a display of the current situation (and indications where to move) plus a utility model (lower cost or higher data rate) which motivates moving a distance monotonic in the utility value. By giving input to the user and utilizing the output of his behavior the user becomes a member of the control loop, in a system theoretic sense. The paper shows numeric results of common scenarios and compares the old and new paradigms.
20 citations
TL;DR: A secure user offloading mechanism in heterogeneous wireless networks (HWNs), where a macrocell base station (MBS) offloads its users to small cell access points (SCAs) using Vickrey auction is presented.
Abstract: This letter presents a secure user offloading mechanism in heterogeneous wireless networks (HWNs), where a macrocell base station (MBS) offloads its users to small cell access points (SCAs) using Vickrey auction. Additionally, a user-in-the-loop (UIL) strategy is exploited to encourage the unserved users to move to desired locations for connections. As the participants in the conventional auction-based trading may collude or take selfish actions, we employ Ethereum framework for trustless, secure and distributed auctioning. Simulation results are presented to demonstrate the advantages of the proposed user offloading methodology. The security aspects of the blockchain framework are also discussed.
19 citations
Related Topics (5)
Performance Metrics
| Year | Papers |
|---|---|
| 2021 | 1 |
| 2020 | 1 |
| 2019 | 2 |
| 2018 | 3 |
| 2017 | 1 |
| 2016 | 4 |