Topic
Unit process
About: Unit process is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 161 publications have been published within this topic receiving 3494 citations. The topic is also known as: manufacturing process.
Papers published on a yearly basis
Papers
TL;DR: A systematic overview of the state of the art in energy and resource efficiency increasing methods and techniques in the domain of discrete part manufacturing, with attention for the effectiveness of the available options is provided in this paper.
Abstract: A B S T R A C T This paper aims to provide a systematic overview of the state of the art in energy and resource efficiency increasing methods and techniques in the domain of discrete part manufacturing, with attention for the effectiveness of the available options. For this purpose a structured approach, distinguishing different system scale levels, is applied: starting from a unit process focus, respectively the multi-machine, factory, multi-facility and supply chain levels are covered. Determined by the research contributions reported in literature, the de facto focus of the paper is mainly on energy related aspects of manufacturing. Significant opportunities for systematic efficiency improving measures are identified and summarized in this area. 2012 CIRP.
1,089 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the authors present an empirical model to characterize the relationship between energy consumption and process variables for material removal processes, which has been tested and validated on a number of turning and milling machine tools.
599 citations
TL;DR: Detailed estimates for US-based water consumption and withdrawals for the US energy system as of 2014 are presented, including both intensity values and the first known estimate of total water consumptionand withdrawal by theUS energy system.
Abstract: The United States (US) energy system is a large water user, but the nature of that use is poorly understood. To support resource comanagement and fill this noted gap in the literature, this work presents detailed estimates for US-based water consumption and withdrawals for the US energy system as of 2014, including both intensity values and the first known estimate of total water consumption and withdrawal by the US energy system. We address 126 unit processes, many of which are new additions to the literature, differentiated among 17 fuel cycles, five life cycle stages, three water source categories, and four levels of water quality. Overall coverage is about 99% of commercially traded US primary energy consumption with detailed energy flows by unit process. Energy-related water consumption, or water removed from its source and not directly returned, accounts for about 10% of both total and freshwater US water consumption. Major consumers include biofuels (via irrigation), oil (via deep well injection, u...
109 citations
TL;DR: The importance of including inherent uncertainties and spread alongside the NUSAP pedigree is highlighted, as uncertainty data often are missing in LCI literature, and a method for evaluating these by taking several reported values into account is described.
Abstract: Purpose
Quantitative uncertainties are a direct consequence of averaging, a common procedure when building life cycle inventories (LCIs). This averaging can be amongst locations, times, products, scales or production technologies. To date, however, quantified uncertainties at the unit process level have largely been generated using a Numerical Unit Spread Assessment Pedigree (NUSAP) approach and often disregard inherent uncertainties (inaccurate measurements) and spread (variability around means).
100 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors developed a water treatment matrix in which wastewater treatment process schemes are categorized as a function of the raw wastewater quality and the reuse application, based on this conclusion a set of typical or standard schemes were developed.
80 citations
Related Topics (5)
Performance Metrics
| Year | Papers |
|---|---|
| 2021 | 6 |
| 2020 | 4 |
| 2019 | 12 |
| 2018 | 11 |
| 2017 | 8 |
| 2016 | 7 |