Showing papers on "Ulcerative dermatitis published in 2003"
TL;DR: Clinical, epizootiological and microbiological aspects of the infection are described and strains of C. pseudotuberculosis isolates from skin lesions and from the soil did reduce nitrate.
Abstract: Two forms of Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis infection in Israeli dairy cattle herds during a survey period of 13 years (1989-2001) are described. The more common form, which was diagnosed in 45 herds, was characterized by ulcerative granulomatous lesions which occurred either sporadically--in 26 herds (with a morbidity rate of up to 5%)--or in an epidemic course in 19 herds. Most (80.6%) of the affected animals were cows; the rest were first-calving cows (16.2%) and heifers (3.2%). The morbidity occurred mostly during the summer months. The ulcerative granulomatous lesions appeared in three clinical forms: cutaneous, mastitic and visceral. Mixed forms were also observed. The morbidity rate was 6.4% and the culling rate reached 16.3% of the affected animals. Most of the strains of C. pseudotuberculosis which were isolated from the abscesses in the cutaneous form of the disease and from milk samples failed to reduce nitrate. A decrease in milk production (6%) and an increase in bulk-milk somatic cell count were noted. Necrotic and ulcerative dermatitis on the heel of the foot occurred in an epidemic course in heifers in only two herds during the winter months, with morbidity rates of 7.5 and 76.2%, respectively. C. pseudotuberculosis isolates from skin lesions and from the soil did reduce nitrate. Clinical, epizootiological and microbiological aspects of the infection are described.
42 citations
TL;DR: This short communication describes an atypical outbreak of Cpseudotuberculosis infection in heifers in a dairy cattle herd located in the Jordan Valley.
Abstract: Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis is a Gram-positive, pleomorphic, intracellular, non-motile, facultative anaerobic rod which grows on blood agar forming small, whitish, opaque colonies (Coyle and Lipsky 1990). Cpseudotuberculosis has two major components which have been implicated in the expression of its pathogenicity and virulence: the high content of lipid in its cell wall and its phospholipase D exotoxin (Hard 1975, Yozwiak and Songer 1993). The protective nature of the cell capsule enables the bacterium to persist in the environment for extended periods under favourable conditions; that is, damp, shady areas and low temperatures (Knight 1969, Augustine and Renshaw 1986, Brown and Olander 1987, Lloyd 1994). Cpseudotuberculosis causes several clinical forms of disease in cattle, for example, pyogranulomatous reactions, abscess formation, ulcerative lymphangitis, and mastitic and visceral forms (Purchase 1944, Kariuki and Poulton 1982, Shpigel and others 1993, Yeruham and others 1997, 2000, Steinman and others 1999). However, the source of natural infection and the means of entry into the host are not well documented in these animals. This short communication describes an atypical outbreak of Cpseudotuberculosis infection in heifers in a dairy cattle herd located in the Jordan Valley. Field observations were carried out in 2000 and 2001 in a dairy cattle herd located in the Jordan Valley. The herd comprised 300 lactating cows and 320 heifers, and was kept in a loose-housing system in large, completely covered open sheds. It was managed under a zero-grazing system, in which the cows were fed a total mixed ration brought to them, and
12 citations
1 Jan 2003
TL;DR: In this paper, two forms of Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis infection in Israeli dairy cattle herds during a survey period of 13 years (1989-2001) are described.
Abstract: SUMMARY Two forms of Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis infection in Israeli dairy cattle herds during a survey period of 13 years (1989–2001) are described. The more common form, which was diagnosed in 45 herds, was characterized by ulcerative granulomatous lesions which occurred either sporadically – in 26 herds (with a morbidity rate of up to 5 % – or in an epidemic course in 19 herds. Most (80 . 6 %) of the affected animals were cows ; the rest were first-calving cows (16 . 2 %) and heifers (3 . 2%). The morbidity occurred mostly during the summer months. The ulcerative granulomatous lesions appeared in three clinical forms : cutaneous, mastitic and visceral. Mixed forms were also observed. The morbidity rate was 6 . 4% and the culling rate reached 16 . 3 % of the affected animals. Most of the strains of C. pseudotuberculosis which were isolated from the abscesses in the cutaneous form of the disease and from milk samples failed to reduce nitrate. A decrease in milk production (6 %) and an increase in bulk-milk somatic cell count were noted. Necrotic and ulcerative dermatitis on the heel of the foot occurred in an epidemic course in heifers in only two herds during the winter months, with morbidity rates of 7 . 5 and 76 . 2 %, respectively. C. pseudotuberculosis isolates from skin lesions and from the soil did reduce nitrate. Clinical, epizootiological and microbiological aspects of the infection are described.