Abstract: Jahn, R. & Kusber, W.-H.: Algae of the Ehrenberg collection — 1. Typification of 32 names of diatom taxa described by C. G. Ehrenberg. — Willdenowia 34: 577–595. — ISSN 0511-9618; © 2004 BGBM Berlin-Dahlem. The present paper is the first in a series of papers typifying names of algae taxa, which Ehrenberg described as new, and illustrating the type specimens. In this paper, 32 diatom names from 18 genera in current use are typified, 58 infrageneric diatom names are evaluated. Diploneis atmosphaerica and Odontella rhomboides are validated as new names. Seven specimens are designated as the types for names of the genera Brebissonia, Gomphonema, Microtabella, Petrodictyon, Raphoneis, Rhopalodia, Zygoceros. Four names are attached to specimens that are either not available or not identifiable because of girdle band view or unrecognizable drawings. Three names are heterotypic synonyms of taxa described earlier. In addition, this paper presents an update on the organization of the Ehrenberg collection ...

Abstract: Lectotypes, neotypes and epitypes are designated by 14 specialists for 42 previously untypified Linnaean plant names belonging to the family Boraginaceae. These newly proposed types support the current usage of the names concerned. Earlier but ineffective or supersedable type statements are discussed.

Abstract: A survey ofTaraxacum taxa described from Latin America is presented.Taraxacum sect.Antarctica is revised taxonomically. The plants usually classified as members of the section in the southernmost South America, often under several species names, proved to represent a single taxon,Taraxacum gilliesii. The species proved to be diploid with 2n=16, reproducing sexually, which is documented by tetrad formation in megasporogenesis. The sexual reproduction is responsible for the considerable variation in a number of the species’ characters. Full synonymy, notes on the nomenclature (including typification) and a description of the section and the species are also given. An analysis of plants often referred to asT. magellanicum from New Zealand is given. Plants from Australia and New Zealand were found to be sexual and belonging to a new section,T. sect.Australasica.

Abstract: Gagea amblyopetala var. calabra N. Terracc., G. amblyopetala subsp. heldreichii A. Tenacc., G. burnatii A. Terracc., G. chabertii A. Terracc., G. confusa A. Terracc., G. lacaitae A. Terracc., G. minima var. calabra N. Terracc., G. pratensis subsp. gussonei A. Terracc., G ramulosa A. Tenacc., G. saxatilis subsp. australis A. Terracc., G. stenopetala var. pollinensis N. Terracc. sont lectotypifies. Chaque lectotype est illustre et commente La valeur taxonomique de chacun de ces taxons est discutee.

Abstract: The plant names (23) published by Fredrik Nylander (1820–1880) are lectotypified. In total Nylander described 39 taxa, consisting of 11 species, eight subspecies and 20 varieties. In addition, he published one unranked name and made ten combinations. He also collected specimens (30 taxa) to the Herbarium Normale distributed by Elias Fries in 1840–1846. The type specimens were collected mainly in the northwestern Russia. Carex spiculosa Fr. is lectotypified also. Three new combinations are proposed, Carex ¥ acutangula (F. Nyl.) Vare (C. acuta L. ¥ salina Wahlenb.), Eriophorum russeolum Fr. subsp. albidum (F. Nyl.) Vare and Scorzoneroides autumnalis (L.) Moench var. keretina (F. Nyl.) Vare. Viola ¥ fennica F. Nyl. antedates V. ¥ ruprechtiana Borb.

Abstract: Rankin Rodriguez, R. & Greuter, W.: A study of differentiation patterns in Capparis sect. Breyniastrum in Cuba, with a nomenclatural and taxonomic survey of Cuban Capparis (Capparaceae). — Willdenowia 34: 259–276. — ISSN 0511-9618; © 2004 BGBM Berlin-Dahlem. Capparis is represented in Cuba by six species of four sections. A key for their identification is provided, their nomenclature and that of the sections in which they belong is revised, and the intricate relevant typification problems are discussed. Three species, each of a different section, are not critical taxonomically. The other three, which belong to C. sect. Breyniastrum, have been poorly understood and often confused in the past. Microcharacters of trichome and leaf surface morphology (illustrated by SEM photographs) prove useful to tell them apart. In conclusion, two Macroantillean species are recognised, each represented in Cuba by a distinct, endemic subspecies (one new, one recombined); a third species, C. singularis, known from a...

Abstract: Lectotypes, neotypes and epitypes are designated by 20 specialists for 45 previously untypified Linnaean plant names belonging to the family Caryophyllaceae. These newly proposed types support the current usage of the names concerned. Earlier but ineffective or supersedable type statements are discussed.

Abstract: Lectotypes, neotypes and epitypes are designated by seven specialists for 35 previously untypified Linnaean plant names (with one epitype being designated for a previously typified name) belonging to the family Cyperaceae These newly proposed types support the current usage of the names concerned Earlier but ineffective or supersedable type statements are discussed

Abstract: Lectotypifications for the following taxa are reported: F. glauca VILL. subsp. psammophila HACK, ex CELAK., F. ovina L. subvar. angustiflora HACK., F. ovina subvar. barbulata HACK., F. ovina subsp. beckeri HACK., F. ovina var. dalmatica HACK., F. ovina subvar. durissima HACK., F. ovina subvar. grandiflora HACK., F. ovina subvar. hispidula HACK., Festuca ovina subvar. laevifolia HACK., F. ovina var. panciciana HACK., Festuca ovina var. peristerea J.VETTER, F. ovina subvar. pubescens HACK., F. ovina subvar. villosa HACK., F. porcii HACK., F rubra L. subvar. grandiflora HACK., F. varia HAENKE subvar. calva HACK., F. varia var. croatica HACK. The holotypes of F. halleri ALL. subsp. riloensis HACK, ex HAYEK, F. ovina var. longearistata HACK., F. rubra f. litoralis HACK., Festuca varia var.flrmior BELLI & HACK, ex BELLI, F. varia subvar. graeca HACK, are pointed out.

Abstract: Principles of typification and zoning of river mouth areas are discussed. Definitions of such notions as river mouth area, river mouth, delta, estuary, mouth reach of the river, andnear-shore zone of the river mouth are specified.

Abstract: The typification and tortuous nomenclature of three Tasmanian conifers is discussed. They are currently known as Microcachrys tetragona (Hook.) Hook. f., Microstrobos niphophilus J. Garden & L.A.S. Johnson (both Podocarpaceae) and Diselma archeri Hook. f. (Cupressaceae). The similarities between these plants, all of which are dioecious, microphyllous shrubs with minute cones and which often grow together, have resulted in their original descriptions being confused and each based on two or more elements belonging to different taxa. A chronological account of the chaotic and confusing literature relevant to this problem is presented together with a revised nomenclature. Much confusion in recent literature has been caused by authors misinterpreting what J.D. Hooker was referring to when he used the pronoun 'it' in a commentary in 1857. The most serious conclusion is that Pherosphaera hookeriana W. Archer bis is the correct name for "Microstrobos niphophilus J. Garden & L.A.S. Johnson", a binary designation that has been in use for 50 years but which is shown still not to be a validly published name. As a consequence of this, the other (Australian) species of Microstrobos, M. fitzgeraldii (F. Muell.) J. Garden & L.A.S. Johnson, must also be transferred back to Pherosphaera. Lectotypes are designated for Microcachrys tetragona and Pherosphaera hookeriana; an earlier lectotypification of the latter name is here rejected since the specimen chosen was not part of the original material. Possibilities of conserving names involved are discussed.

Abstract: Cinq lectotypes et un neotype sont choisis pour les taxons du genre Gagea decrits par Karl Koch en 1849 du Caucase et du nord-est de la Turquie: G. commutata, G glaciales, G. aurea, G. triphylla, G. anisanthos et G. sarmentosa.

Abstract: The typification of the names of four species originally described by Desfontaines and reported in the literature for Calabria (S Italy) is discussed. Lectotypes from the Desfontaines Herbarium (P) are designated for Aristida adscensionis subsp. coerulescens (Desf.) Bourreil & Trouin ex Auquier & J. Duvign. (= A. coerulescens Desf., Poaceae), Helianthemum sessiliflorum (Desf.) Pers. (= Cistus sessiliflorus Desf., Cistaceae), Ranunculus spicatus Desf. (Ranunculaceae), and Salsola oppositifolia Desf. (Chenopodiaceae).

Abstract: This paper lists for the first time many of the names that have been used for fungal groups above the rank of order. Full bibliographic references are provided for the location where the name was first introduced together with comments on ranks, orthography, typification and the provision of descriptions or diagnoses. More general remarks are made about the nomenclature of higher taxa and the need for a more rigorous approach to the use of these names.

Abstract: A neotype for the fossil conifer Pseudovoltzia liebeana (Geinitz) Florin is designated. It has been chosen from the material figured by Geinitz in 1880, which is stored at the Sachsische Naturhistorische Sammlungen Dresden/Museum fur Mineralogie und Geologie.

Abstract: The names described by Linnaeus in the genus Callitriche are discussed and most are newly typified. Callitriche palustris L. is recognised, with C. verna L. as a heterotypic synonym, and the current usage of C. hermaphroditica L. is maintained.

Abstract: The names Cistus ericoides Cav. and C. laevis Cav. are typified. These names apply to two species, currently classified within the genus Fumana (Dunal) Spach, but the names have been frequently misapplied and both of thempose typification problems. The type specimen of the first has not been found. Thus an illustration is chosen as type and an epitype designated. The original material of C. laevis comprises a mixture of two different species. One element is selected to clarify the application of this binomial.

Abstract: Herbarium and field studies of the chiefly neotropical genus Capraria have led to the recognition of four species. Capraria frutescens and C. mexicana are essentially endemic to Mexico. Capraria biflora is a widespread species that occurs throughout Mexico, Central and South America, the West Indies, and southern Florida. Capraria peruviana grows in northwestern South America and the Galapagos Islands. A complete account of synonymy and typification is provided, along with a key to species, scanning electron micrographs of pollen, stigmas and seeds, photographs, illustrations, and distribution maps.

Abstract: Fordiophyton faberi Stapf is selected as the type of Fordiophyton Stapf (Melastomata- ceae), which has not been typified before. Based on the characters of eight dimorphic and unequal sta- mens with the anther connectives not calcarate at the base, Stapfiophyton Li is recognized as a syn- onym of Fordiophyton Stapf. This results in two new combinations, Fordiophyton degeneratum (C. Chen) Y. F. Deng & T. L. Wu and F. breviscapum (C. Chen) Y. F. Deng &T. L. Wu.

Abstract: Qiongzhuea and its species have received considerable attention concerning the validity of publication of names in different publications. However, it has apparently not been appreciated that both Qiongzhuea and a furtherbamboo genus, Dendrocalamopsis, were validly published by descriptio generico-specifico. Consequently they were validly published at an earlier date, with different types, than has been generally understood. The correct place of publication, authorship and typification is given and discussed for both genera, and a new section name, Chimonobambusa sect. Neoqiongzhuea, is published for those species of that genus with greatly swollen nodes.

Abstract: The typification of the names of three Linnean species which occur in Calabria (S. Italy) is discussed. An illustration in a pre-Linnaean work of Dillenius is designated as the lectotype of Aizoon hispanicum L. (Aizoaceae); a specimen from the Clifford Herbarium (BM) is designated lectotype for Staphylea pinnata L. (Staphyleaceae), and one from the Linnaean Herbarium (LINN) is designated for Plantago albicans L. (Plantaginaceae).

Abstract: As part of a study of Iberian and Balearic Araceae, two Linnaean names, Arum proboscideum L. and A. muscivorum L. f., are lecto- and neotypified. respectively.

Abstract: The typification of names in the genus Cyperus was done as part of an ongoing study of the section Arenarii. The latest monograph on the genus by Kukenthal (1936), accepted eight species in the section Bobartia (=Arenarii), and a number of lower level taxa, which are treated here either as distinct species or synonyms. The taxonomic treatment of the core species, C. conglomerates Rottb., turned out to be especially confusing, which is reflected in the past identifications of the material, and consequently, has created wrong interpretations on the distributions. C. jeminicus Rottb. has similarly caused a lot of confusion. Currently we recognize 26 species in the section, with two subspecies in C. conglomerate. Most names in the section have not earlier been typified. Here we designate lectotypes for 33 names, three epitypes, and one neotype. Cyperus sections Arenarii Kunth and Hymenolepides Nees are typified also.

Abstract: Lectotypes for the names Alstroemeria burchelii Baker, A. caryophyllaea Jacq., A. chapadensis Hoehne, A. cunha Vell., A. rubra Morel, A. argentovittata Lem., and A. butantanensis Hoehne are designated here. The typification of A. nemorosa Gardner and A. piauhyensis Gardner is here clarified. An epitype is also chosen in order to avoid misinterpretation of the name A. burchellii Baker. For A. psittacina Lehm. and A. radula Dusen neotypes are designated. Alstroemeria speciosa M. C. Assis is published as an avowed substitute (replacement name) for Alstroemeria insignis Kranzl.