Abstract: Sixteen species of Xanthoparmelia are recognised in the New Zealand flora. X. australasica D. Galloway is described and the new combinations X. flavescentireagens (Gyelnik) D. Galloway and X. mougeotina (Nyl.) D. Galloway are proposed. Typification, synonymy, morphology, chemistry, distribution, and habitat information of each taxon are given and a key to species includes the superficially similar Chondropsis semiviridis. X. amphixantha, X.flavescentireagens, X. hypoclystoides, X. mexicana, X. notata, X. thamnoides, X. tinctina, X. subnuda, and X. substrigosa are new to the New Zealand flora.

Abstract: Summary. A taxonomic revision of the genus Reichardia is presented. Morphological characters are assessed and the importance of ligule colouration and bract and achene morphology in the taxonomy of the genus is emphasised. Eight species are recognised for which a key is provided together with full descriptions and critical notes on typification and synonymy. The occurrence of interspecific hybridisation in the genus is discussed and three new hybrids are described, viz. R. x baetica nom. nov., R. x sventenia hybr. nov. and R. x canariensis hybr. nov.

Abstract: Typification, synonymy, description, chemistry, and distribution of the Australasian monotypic species Knightiella splachnirima (Hook.f. et Tayl.) Gyelnik are discussed.

Abstract: Lectotypes are selected for Laminaria cichorioides, L. coriacea, L. diabolica, L. fragilis, L. longissima, L. ochotensis, L. religiosa, L. sachalinensis and L. yezoensis, all described by Miyabe, and for L. sikotanensis Miyabe et Nagai. Notes on these and other species are provided to give a taxonomic overview of the genus in Japan.

Abstract: The lectotype ofS. eriocephala was selected from the vegetative specimens collected by Michaux in the Mississippi River valley in the fall of 1795. Its identity is the same as that which recently has been known asS. missouriensis orS. rigida var.vestita. Since these taxa are not specifically distinct fromS. rigida the nameS. eriocephala takes priority as the correct name for this wide-ranging North American species.

Abstract: A review is given of the new Caledonian species of Symplocos, especially because the typification of the species is rather problematic, and in the ‘Flore de la Nouvelle Caledonie’ the way of citation of the synonyms does not make clear the typification of several names. For use of the not French reading public a key is given. No new names or combinations are published.

Abstract: The genus Hydrophyllum L. (Hydrophyllaceae) comprises eight North American species of predominantly perennial mesophytic herbs. In no sector of its range does any of the species incorporate features of an aquatic or a succulent plant. Accordingly, the common name "water leaf," the literal translation of Hydrophyllumn, is seemingly inappropriate. Fernald (1950) speculates that the name derives from the fact that the original specimen (H. virginianltm) had very watery stems. While interpretation of the original meaning of the name Hydrophyllumn may be of itself only a nomenclatural curiosity, it is interwoven with the more substantive problem of typification of the two Linnaean species, H. virginianum and H. canadense. The name Hydrophyllon (from the Greek) first appears in the volume by Morin (1658). Later accounts lead us to assume that Morin's Hvdrophyllon was Hydrophylhlum virginianum L.; however, documentary specimens are not known to exist. The name Hydrophyllirm (using a standard romanization of the Greek name), without diagnostic description or references, first appears in Linnaeus' Systerna Natlurae (1735). The genus Hydrophyllum L. is monotypic. As published in Edition I of Species Plantarum (1753), Hydrophyllhim appears as a generic name and in the combination Hydrophyllirm lvirginianlnm. Accompanying the names are three references (Linnaeus, 1737; Royen, 1740; Gronovius, 1739) and a descriptive phrase (Morison, 1715). Also cited is the illustration (Morison, 1715) of a specimen of H. virginianilmn apparently cultivated in Oxford. Only in Gronovius (1739) is it possible to identify an actual specimen (Clayton 249) employed in describing the plant (Mackenzie, 1928). Typification is necessarily based on these cited works. Hydrophyllumn species are identified by a combination of floral and vegetative features, with leaf characters being of particular taxonomic value. Hydrophylliumn virginianum is recognized by its pinnatifid leaves, the principal divisions of which are ovate-lanceolate and acute. By contrast, H. canadense produces an overwintering rosette of oblong pinnatifid leaves characterized by ovate, obtuse divisions. In early spring, numerous palmately-shaped leaves with acuminate lobes are formed in this latter species. The description (1753) ofH. virginianurm indicates that, like most Linnaean species (Svenson, 1945), more than one currently recognized species is included. These species are H. virginianumn and the latter named (1759, p. 918) H. canadense. Lin-

Abstract: Ascyrum L. is now regarded as a synonym of Hypericumn L. Typification of all three Linnaean species of this genus has given rise to problems. In particular, Linnaeus's concept of A. cruxandreae was confused; and the present treatment of this species as a synonym of Hypericum mnutillum L. is clearly unsatisfactory. Following a review of the nomenclatural history of the three species it is concluded that: (1)A. crux-andreae L. should be lectotypified by Clayton 230 (LINN), i.e., it has priority over Ascvrum stans Michaux ex Willd., so that Hypericum cruxandreae (L.) Crantz replaces H. stans (Michaux ex Willd.) Adams & Robson as the accepted name of a well-known species from south-eastern U.S.A.; (2) A. hypericoides L. should be lectotypified by Plumier, Nov. PI. Amer. Gen: t.7 (1703), a procedure which preserves the current usage; (3) A. villosumn L. should be lectotypified by Plukenet, Phytographia: t.245, f.6 (1691) and treated as a synonym ofHypericum setosumn L., thus preserving the current usage. In addition A. multicalle is given a new rank: H. hypericoides subsp. mldticaule (Michaux ex Willd.) N. Robson, stat. nov.

Abstract: Summary. The typification and application of 92 names in the Cucurbitaceae applied to members of this family in the Indian Subcontinent are discussed and clarified. An annotated checklist, with selected synonymy, is provided, and determinations of numbered exsiccatae studied, arranged under countries and collectors, are given for Pakistan, India, Sri Lanka, Nepal, Bhutan, Bangladesh and Burma. Two new combinations are made: Zehneria wallichii and Schizopepon bicirrhosus (both on p. 802). In response to a request from Prof. H. L. Chakravarty of Calcutta to elucidate the typification of some names applied to Cucurbitaceae occurring in the Indian subcontinent, in connexion with a revision of this family for the 'Flora of India' project, the study the results of which are here presented was undertaken. As many widespread species are involved, the results are of importance for taxonomic work on the Cucurbitaceae of not only the Indian subcontinent, but also Indo-China, Japan and the Malesian region. The numbering and sequences of subfamilies, tribes and subtribes follows Jeffrey (1964).