TL;DR: Considering the genetic similarity of the chromosome complements of several genera of the subtribe Citrinae, it is suggested that some of these might perhaps better be considered mere species of a single genus.
Abstract: 1. The chromosome number of fourteen species (twenty forms) belonging to five different genera of the subfamily Aurantioideae are reported. All determinations available in the literature on chromosome numbers made in this subfamily are tabulated. The basic chromosome number is n = 9 for all forms so far investigated. About 40 triploids, some 190 tetraploids (including 19 in Poncirus, 1 in Triphasia, and 1 wild form in Fortunella), 1 pentaploid, 1 hexaploid, and 14 or 15 aneuploids have been reported. 2. All these polyploids, except the 21 tetraploids just mentioned and several triploid hybrids between Citrus and Fortunella, belong to the genus Citrus. Considering the genetic similarity of the chromosome complements of several genera of the subtribe Citrinae, it is suggested that some of these might perhaps better be considered mere species of a single genus.
TL;DR: Two new coumarins from Choisya arizonica and C. mollis and 2′,3′-dihydroxydihydrosuberosin from Coleonema album have been isolated and their structures determined.
TL;DR: The data obtained in this study suggest the bis-hydroxyphenyl structure as a potential target for anti-HSV and HIV drugs development.
Abstract: A total of 25 phenolic compounds were studied for their inhibitory effects against herpes simplex virus (HSV)-1, HSV-2, and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-1. These include five flavonoids (1–5) and two dimeric stilbenes (6,7) from Artocarpus gomezianus. Wall. ex trec., five phloroglucinol derivatives (8–12) from Mallotus pallidus. (Airy Shaw) Airy Shaw, and 13 courmarins (13–25) from Triphasia trifolia. (Burm.f.) P. Wilson. The data obtained in this study suggest the bis-hydroxyphenyl structure as a potential target for anti-HSV and HIV drugs development.
TL;DR: The chemical composition of essential oils isolated from aerial parts of Triphasia trifolia was analyzed using hydrodistillation by GC-MS and showed high antioxidant potential, an effect that is comparable with ascorbic acid used as standard.
Abstract: The chemical composition of essential oils isolated from aerial parts of Triphasia trifolia (Burm. f.) P. Wilson was analyzed using hydrodistillation by GC–MS. The main constituents found were β-pinene (64.36%), (+)-sabinene (8.75%), hexadecanoic acid (6.03%), α-limonene (4.24%) and p-cymene (2.73%). The essential oil from T. trifolia shows high antioxidant potential (94.53%), an effect that is comparable with ascorbic acid (96.40%), used as standard. In addition, these oils had high repellent effects on the insect Tribolium castaneum Herbst (99% ± 1) at 0.2 μL/cm2 after 2 h of exposure.
Abstract: Commercially used citrus rootstocks can all be seriously damaged by larvae of the sugar cane root weevil, Diaprepes abbreviatus (L.). Six greenhouse challenge experi- ments were used to compare the resistance of 24 selections of citrus rootstocks and related species to this weevil by measuring root damage, and larval growth and survival. The commercial rootstocks tested were found to be susceptible, while at least seven other species within the subfamily Aurantiodeae were observed to be significantly more resistant. The species Balsamocitrus dawei Stapf. was most resistant to weevil larvae, exhibited less root damage than commonly used rootstock cultivars, and significantly depressed larval growth and survival. The species Glycosmis pentaphylla (Retz.) Correa, Microcitrus australis (Planch.) Swing., Eremocitrus glauca (Lindl.) Swing., Severinia buxifolia (Poir.) Tenore, Triphasia trifolia (Burm. f.) P. Wils., and Citrus hystrix DC. suffered as much damage from the weevil as common rootstock cultivars but signifi- cantly depressed growth of larvae feeding on them. One new hybrid rootstock, HRS-801, also significantly depressed D. abbreviatus larval growth, but this effect has not yet been verified as having significance in a long-term or field situation. Several strategies are discussed for developing citrus rootstocks resistant to D. abbreviatus.