Trichaptum

Abstract: In most Swedish felling operations high stumps are created from living trees to increase the amounts of dead wood in the forest. The fauna of saproxylic beetles and aradid bugs (Heteroptera) in spruce (Picea abies) high stumps were studied to determine which characteristics (diameter, height, amount of bark and fungal flora) had the strongest influence on the species composition. The practical aim was to see whether it is possible to increase the biodiversity values by management recommendations. The high stumps (n=59) were situated in the middle boreal zone in Sweden and were 6 years old. The insects were sampled by sieving 0.25 m2 bark on each stump In total, 803 saproxylic beetles and Aradus bugs were found, representing 42 different species, five of which were red-listed. The most important factor for determining the beetle community was the presence or absence of two polyporous fungi, Fomitopsis pinicola and Trichaptum abietinum. Other factors were much less important, indicating that it is difficult...

Abstract: Fruiting bodies of tree-inhabiting "macrofungi" (Polyporaceae, Hymenochaetaceae, Corticiaceae and Tremellaceae) were collected in 1993-1996 in Troms county, northern Norway for investigation of host specificity of Cisidae species. Three methods of estimating the amount of fruiting bodies were compared: 1) dry weight, 2) calculation of volume and 3) measure of volume. They were all highly correlated (R = 0.79-0.96), but only method 1) and 3) were applicable irrespective of shape and therefore used in the statistical analyses concerning host preferences. 31 different species and more than 1 000 units of tree-living fungi were investigated and yielded about 15 500 individuals and 13 species of Cisidae. The cisid species showed preference for one single genus or species of fungi. Cis boleti, Cis hispidus and Octotemnus glabriculus preferred Trametes spp., Cis comptus preferred Cerrena unicolor, Cis lineatocribratus and Cis jacquemarti preferred Fames fomentarius, while Cis punctulatus preferred Trichaptum spp. Orthocis festivus and Ropalodontus strandi appeared to be even more specific, with occurrence exclusively in Stereum rugosum and Fomes fomentarius, respectively. Cis bidentatus showed no specific host selection (polyphagous). A spatial segregation of the cisids R. strandi, C. jacquemarti and C. lineatocribratus was evident regarding height above ground of the fungus F. fomentarius. Microclimatic factors cannot explain the host selection of the species, but Sulcacis affinis, Sulcacis fronticornis and Ennearthron cornutum were exclusively found in fungi in warm and dry positions.

Abstract: Trichaptum imbricatum, T. perenne and T. podocarpi are three new species from China. They are described, illustrated and compared in this paper with similar species. Trichaptum imbricatum is unique in its imbricate basidiocarps, white to cream hymenophores, small and regular pores, and scattered and thin-walled cystidia. Trichaptum perenne differs from other species in the genus in its perennial and pileate habit, its large pores and entire dissepiments, and oblong, ellipsoid basidiospores. Trichaptum podocarpi is distinguished in having totally resupinate basidiocarps, distinctly long cystidia, and in its habitat on Podocarpus. A key to species of Trichaptum occurring in China is provided; statistical variations of spore dimensions for each species are included in the key.

Abstract: Phylogenetic relationships of Trichaptum were studied using DNA sequences from nuclear 18S rDNA and 5.8S rDNA and their internal transcribed spacers, ITS1 and ITS2. Eight strains of four Trichap- tum species were investigated. Using parsimony and neighbor-joining methods, phylogenetic trees were constructed for 18S rDNA and for the combined data sets of rDNA and ITS. Phylogenetic analyses of 18S rDNA sequences showed that Trichaptum species were closer to Inonotus (Hymenochaetaceae) than to other genera of the Polyporaceae sensu Donk. Strains of each species formed a monophyletic group except for T abietinum which formed polyphyletic sub- groups, indicating that each Trichaptum species is phylogenetically distinct but that T abietinum may be in the process of divergence. Our results suggest sim- ilar conclusions for both 18S rDNA and ITS1-5.8S-