TL;DR: The histological study showed that the tongue was covered dorsally and ventrally by keratinized stratified squamous epithelium and supported centrally by entoglossum, which extends from the root until the rostral tip of the tongue.
Abstract: The present study aimed to give full morphological insight into the oropharyngeal cavity of Eurasian hoopoe at the level of gross morphology in addition to ultrastructural inspection including light- and scanning electron microscopy. The oropharyngeal cavity has a triangular appearance with a very long rostrally located beak, helping the bird achieve its feeding mechanism. The floor of the oropharyngeal cavity is divided into three parts; a pre-lingual part with a pre-lingual fold, a lingual part containing a rudimentary triangular tongue, and a laryngeal part, which contains a small elevated laryngeal mound. There are four giant papillae and numerous openings of lingual salivary glands on the root. The roof is divided into the pre-choanal and the choanal region. The pre-choanal region has two parallel palatine ridges, while the choanal region had an ovoid-shaped choanal cleft rostrally, followed caudally by a narrow infundibular slit. The mechanical papillae on the roof are arranged in two rows directed caudally; one row is located on the free border of rostral half of the choanal cleft, while the other row is located between the pharynx cavity and the esophagus. The histological study showed that the tongue was covered dorsally and ventrally by keratinized stratified squamous epithelium and supported centrally by entoglossum, which extends from the root until the rostral tip of the tongue. The entoglossum was mainly cartilaginous rostrally in the apex and ossified caudally in the lingual body and root. Numerous mucous glands scattered in the sub mucosa of the lingual root as well as in the palatine region convey their secretions to the surface through a duct guarded by diffuse lymphocytic infiltration.
TL;DR: The authors' observations of the tongue reveal that there are terminal reduction of the size of the tongues and microstructures of the lingual mucosa among the investigations of birds published so far.
Abstract: Jackowiak, H., Skieresz-Szewczyk, K., Kwiecinski, Z., Godynicki, S., Jackowiak, K. and Leszczyszyn, A. 2014. Light microscopy and scanning electron microscopy studies on the reduction of the tongue microstructures in the white stork (Ciconia ciconia ,A ves).— Acta Zoologica (Stockholm) 00:000–000. The structure of the tongue in the white stork (Ciconia ciconia) is observed macroscopically and under light and scanning electron microscopy. Our observations of the tongue reveal ar are terminal reduction of the size of the tongue and microstructures of the lingual mucosa among the investigations of birds published so far. The short, triangular tongue with a pointed tip is approximately 2.5 cm long in the adult and is situated in the caudal part of the oral cavity close to the laryngeal prominence. On the dorsal surface of the tongue, no typical mucosa microstructures like lingual papillae, median groove or lingual prominence are observed. The main structure of the tongue is composed of rostral part of hyoid apparatus, that is, entoglossal cartilage connects with basihyoid. Very thin mucosa is composed of fibrous connective tissue covered with orthokeratinized epithelium. No lingual glands and muscles are observed in the lamina propria of mucosa. Even though the triangular shape of the tongue in the white stork is typical for birds, the inner structure of the reduced organ is composed only of flat cartilagineous entoglossum of hyoid apparatus. During feeding behaviour of the white stork, the food transportation in oral cavity called cranio-inertial transport is undoubtedly affected by structural reduction of the tongue.
TL;DR: A ground penetrating tool for a farm implement shank has a pyramidal tooth provided with a pointed, leading apex and a socket in its trailing end that receives a mating, triangular tongue integral with an upwardly and rearwardly extending mount releasably secured to the shank.
Abstract: A ground penetrating tool for a farm implement shank has a pyramidal tooth provided with a pointed, leading apex and a socket in its trailing end that receives a mating, triangular tongue integral with an upwardly and rearwardly extending mount releasably secured to the shank. The trailing end of the tooth abuts shoulders on the mount to absorb the load on the tooth and further protect a fastener passing transversely through the tooth and tongue for releasably attaching the tooth to the mount.
TL;DR: In this article, a full-automatic lock body was proposed to solve the technical problem that an existing cross tongue guide and triangular tongue touch induction type automatic lock is likely to cause a false door locking phenomenon.
Abstract: The invention provides a full-automatic lock body, relates to the technical field of locks, and solves the technical problem that an existing cross tongue guide and triangular tongue touch induction type automatic lock is likely to cause a false door locking phenomenon. The full-automatic lock body comprises a lock shell, a guide plate, a lock bolt assembly, an inclined tongue assembly, a motor assembly, a transmission assembly and a circuit board assembly, wherein the motor assembly is in transmission connection with the lock bolt assembly through the transmission assembly, the lock bolt assembly is in transmission connection with the inclined tongue assembly, the circuit board assembly is electrically connected with the motor assembly, the inclined tongue assembly and the lock bolt assembly are connected with the circuit board assembly in a trigger mode, and the circuit board assembly comprises a circuit board main body, an inclined tongue door-closing sensing electronic component and a main bolt in-place sensing electronic component. As the inclined tongue assembly triggers the motor assembly to drive the lock bolt assembly to lock only after the door is closed in place, the phenomenon of false door locking does not occur, so that the full-automatic lock body has high reliability and high safety; and moreover, a lock tongue of the inclined tongue assembly is simultaneously used as a guide tongue, an induction tongue and a clamping tongue, and the lock body has a simple structure.
TL;DR: In this article, the authors proposed a cover for a detachable and completely dust proof disk driving device by covering the disk loading/unloading opening of the disk and providing an elastic covering member having gaps for loading and unloading the disk.
Abstract: PURPOSE: To provide a detachable and completely dust proof disk driving device by covering the disk loading/unloading opening of the disk driving device and providing an elastic covering member having gaps for loading/unloading the disk. CONSTITUTION: A covering member 7 arranged so as to close an opening 5 as a whole in alignment therewith is provided inside a housing 3. The covering member 7 has a shape so as to be incline backward and bent after being pushed by a disk from its front side when the disk is inserted into a driving device main body 1. When the disk is unloaded, this is pressed from its inside to the periphery of the opening of the housing 3 by upper and lower trapezoidal tongue portions 71 inclined forward and bent when pushed by the disk from their front sides and left and right triangular tongue portions 7-2. Engaging portions 7-3 U shaped in their sections, being provided in the periphery of the covering member 7 are engaged with the periphery of the opening of the housing, closing the opening.