Trabecular Pattern

Abstract: Objective. The purpose of this study was to determine whether the morphologic features of the trabecular bones of the maxilla and mandible differ between patients with osteoporosis and normal controls. Study Design. Periapical radiographs, obtained from dentists of 11 patients with osteoporosis and 12 control subjects, were digitized at 600 dpi. A custom computer program measured morphologic features of the trabecular architecture. The mean values for each feature were determined for the osteoporotic and control groups and compared by anatomic site. Results. Twenty-four morphologic features of the trabeculae and marrow regions were examined in each anatomical site. A principal components analysis summarized these predictors to four. The Hotelling T 2 test found that patients with osteoporosis had significantly altered morphologic pattern in the anterior maxilla (P = .019) and the posterior mandible (P = .013) in comparison with the controls. A classification tree analysis separated all subjects into 2 groups with 92% accuracy. Conclusions. The data support the hypothesis that patients with osteoporosis have an altered trabecular pattern in the jaws in comparison with normal subjects. (Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endod 1999;88:628-35)

Abstract: Adult myocardium adapts to changing functional demands by hyper- or hypotrophy while the developing heart reacts by hyper- or hypoplasia How embryonic myocardial architecture adjusts to experimentally altered loading is not known We subjected the chick embryonic hearts to mechanically altered loading to study its influence upon ventricular myoarchitecture Chick embryonic hearts were subjected to conotruncal banding (increased afterload model), or left atrial ligation or clipping, creating a combined model of increased preload in right ventricle and decreased preload in left ventricle Modifications of myocardial architecture were studied by scanning electron microscopy and histology with morphometry In the conotruncal banded group, there was a mild to moderate ventricular dilatation, thickening of the compact myocardium and trabeculae, and spiraling of trabecular course in the left ventricle Right atrioventricular valve morphology was altered from normal muscular flap towards a bicuspid structure Left atrial ligation or clipping resulted in hypoplasia of the left heart structures with compensatory overdevelopment on the right side Hypoplastic left ventricle had decreased myocardial volume and showed accelerated trabecular compaction Increased volume load in the right ventricle was compensated primarily by chamber dilatation with altered trabecular pattern, and by trabecular proliferation and thickening of the compact myocardium at the later stages A ventricular septal defect was noted in all conotruncal banded, and 25% of left atrial ligated hearts Increasing pressure load is a main stimulus for embryonic myocardial growth, while increased volume load is compensated primarily by dilatation Adequate loading is important for normal cardiac morphogenesis and the development of typical myocardial patterns Anat Rec 254:238–252, 1999 © 1999 Wiley-Liss, Inc

Abstract: Cores of bone from healing extraction sites were studied at time intervals of 4, 6, 8, 10, 12 and 16 weeks. The results revealed that between 4 and 8 weeks proliferation of cellular and connective tissue elements occur within the healing socket. Islands of new bone with an osteoid seam surrounded by osteoblasts are present within the connective tissue. From 8 to 12 weeks the bone undergoes maturation and forms a trabecular pattern. Although less pronounced, an osteoid seam is still present and osteoblasts occur in fewer numbers. By 12 to 16 weeks the bony trabeculae are mature with very little osteoid and few osteoblasts. This bone resembles alveolar trabecular bone. Two phases of bony regeneration are apparent from the present study. From 4 to 8 weeks there is a progressive osteogenic phase with proliferation of osteogenic cells and immature bone formation. From 8 to 12 weeks the Osteogenesis slows down and the trabeculae mature and increase in volume. From 12 to 16 weeks the bone appears to stabilize wi...