TL;DR: Examination of recently collected material of predominantly ground-dwelling jumping spiders (Araneae: Salticidae) mainly from the Free State and Northern Cape provinces, South Africa, lead to the discovery of 15 new species, which are described here.
Abstract: Examination of recently collected material of predominantly ground-dwelling jumping spiders (Araneae: Salticidae) mainly from the Free State and Northern Cape provinces, South Africa, lead to the discovery of 15 new species, which are described here: Cembalea triloris sp. n., Evarcha brinki sp. n., E. flagellaris sp.n., E. vittula sp. n., Icius pulchellus sp. n., Langona hirsuta sp. n., L. lotzi sp. n., Microbianor globosus sp. n., Pseudicius dependens sp. n., P. gracilis sp. n., P. karinae sp. n., P. maculatus sp. n., P. solitarius sp. n., Rhene lingularis sp. n. and Tanzania meridionalis sp. n. The unknown male of Rhene konradi Wesolowska, 2009, and the unknown females of Pellenes bulawayoensis Wesolowska, 1999, P. modicus Wesolowska & Russell-Smith, 2000, Phlegra etosha Logunov & Azarkina, 2006, P. karoo Wesolowska, 2006 and Thyene thyenioides (Lessert, 1925), are described for the first time. Nine species, Dendryphantes hararensis Wesolowska & Cumming, 2008, Menemerus pilosus Wesolowska, 2006...
TL;DR: This study looked at intraguild predation in the Negev highlands among five species of spiders, two of which are predators of one or more of the other three, and found complex interactions among the species which enhance coexistence.
Abstract: Current models indicate that intraguild predation is most likely to occur in communities with intermediate levels of productivity. Desert communities fit this criterion and also contain a disproportional amount of generalist predacious arthropods, in particular spiders, suggesting a high degree of intraguild predation in these communities. In this study we looked at intraguild predation in the Negev highlands among five species of spiders, two of which (Poecilochroa senilis, Gnaphosidae and Thyene imperialis, Salticidae) are predators of one or more of the other three (Latrodectus revivensis, Theridiidae; Stegodyphus lineatus, Eresidae; and Mogrus sp., Salticidae). However, unlike the simple interactions frequently modeled, we found complex interactions among the species which enhance coexistence. For example, evidence of higher-order interactions between Mogrus and Stegodyphus apparently enhanced the survival of Stegodyphus: during an annual cycle Mogrus, the preferred prey of Poecilochroa, was ...
TL;DR: Observations on Thyene imperialis in Israel, Negev desert, invading a web of Cyclosa deserticola Levy, 1998 are reported, and the female leapt into the orb-web to catch Cyclosa spiders.
Abstract: Observations on Thyene imperialis (Rossi, 1846) in Israel, Negev desert, invading a web of Cyclosa deserticola Levy, 1998 are reported. The female leapt into the orb-web to catch Cyclosa spiders. Photographs are provided, and a link to additional film material is given.