Thrust

Abstract: Fluid Mechanics Lift Drag Lift and Drag at High Mach Numbers The Production of Thrust Airplane Performance Helicopters and V/STOL Aircraft Static Stability and Control Open-Loop Dynamic Stability and Control Controlled Motion and Automatic Stability.

Abstract: Two-dimensional modeling of loading during the formation of the Idaho-Wyoming thrust belt shows that regional isostatic compensation by flexure of an elastic lithosphere is sufficient to control the formation of a foreland basin. The flexural rigidity of the lithosphere is inferred to have been approximately 1023 Nm (1030 dyne cm), on the basis of palinspastic comparison of predicted downwarping, due to the thrust plate loads, to the shape of the sedimentary wedge on the west side of the Cretaceous Western Interior seaway. Erosion of part of the uplifted thrust plates redistributed the load, depositing it farther to the east, thereby causing subsidence over a much wider area than could have been accomplished only by the loading by thrust plates. Paleotopography after major Cretaceous thrust events was calculated. The resulting mountainous terrain, gentle alluvial plain, and flat sea floor correspond well with the topography of the modern foreland thrust belt and basin system in the Andes of South America and to paleogeographic reconstructions in the western United States thrust belt. Topography is controlled by the subsurface geometry of the thrust faults, particularly the positions of ramp zones, and by isostatic subsidence.

Abstract: A surgical fastener, such as a stapler, is constructed of a pair of opposed jaws, one of which comprises an anvil and the other of which holds the fastener holder assembly, such as a cartridge, oriented towards the anvil. A clamp bar operable by a lever is longitudinally displaceable to advance the cartridge towards the anvil to clamp the subject matter prior to fastening. The clamp bar rides within a frame which supports the lever and the jaws. A thrust bar is longitudinally displaceable in response to the pivoting of a trigger to operate staple pushing elements within the cartridge to eject the fasteners towards the anvil for engagement with body tissue to be fastened. The thrust bar rides within the clamp bar. A pin is inserted between ends of the jaws to secure the jaws against loss of any portion of the body tissue during the clamping procedure. The pin has a cam surface which moves during a securing of the pin. A lockout system is provided for preventing both clamping and ejection of the fasteners, e.g., staples, until the pin is secured. The lockout system includes a bell crank which blocks movement of the clamp bar during an unsecured state, the crank being operated by a cam follower which rides on the cam surface of the pin. An intermediate link connects the trigger with the thrust bar, the intermediate link riding on the lever to be retracted during blockage of the clamp bar so as to prevent operation of the thrust bar.