TL;DR: A theta structure or a rolling-circle as a model for baculovirus DNA replication is suggested, because Linear DNA, with an ori, did not replicate.
Abstract: Seven putative origins of DNA replication (oris) were identified and located on the genome of Autographa californica multiple nucleocapsid nuclear polyhedrosis virus (AcMNPV), when an improved infection-dependent replication assay was used. A threefold higher yield of amplified plasmid was achieved when an m.o.i. of 1 was used (instead of 25), and another twofold increase was obtained when the interval between transfection and infection was extended from 5 to 24 h. Six of the putative oris were located in hr regions with homologous sequences. This suggests that all hrs in AcMNPV are bifunctional, i.e. have both ori and enhancer activity for transcription. In addition to the six hrs, the HindIII-K fragment of AcMNPV was also identified to carry a putative ori, although this fragment does not contain an hr region. However, the individual role of these seven oris during viral DNA replication, and whether they are all active simultaneously in vivo, is still unclear. The replication of an ori-containing plasmid starts at the same time (6 h post-infection) and proceeds at the same rate as viral DNA replication. A circular topology of ori-containing plasmids was a prerequisite for replication. Linear DNA, with an ori, did not replicate. Therefore, we suggest a theta structure or a rolling-circle as a model for baculovirus DNA replication.
TL;DR: In this article, the authors give a Galois-theoretic characterization of the canonical theta structure and prove a purely algebraic proof of some 2-adic theta identities which describe the set of theta null points of canonical lifts of ordinary abelian varieties in characteristic 2.
Abstract: In this article we give a Galois-theoretic characterization of the canonical theta structure. The Galois property of the canonical theta structure translates into certain $p$-adic theta relations which are satisfied by the canonical theta null point of the canonical lift. As an application we give a purely algebraic proof of some 2-adic theta identities which describe the set of theta null points of the canonical lifts of ordinary abelian varieties in characteristic 2. The latter theta relations are suitable for explicit canonical lifting.
TL;DR: In this article, the authors give a Galois-theoretic characterization of the canonical theta structure and give a theoretical foundation to Mestre's point counting algorithm which is based on the computation of the generalized arithmetic geometric mean sequence.
Abstract: In this article, we give a Galois-theoretic characterization of the canonical theta structure. The Galois property of the canonical theta structure translates into certain p-adic theta relations which are satisfied by the canonical theta null point of the canonical lift. As an application, we prove some 2-adic theta identities which describe the set of canonical theta null points of the canonical lifts of ordinary abelian varieties in characteristic 2. The latter theta relations are suitable for explicit canonical lifting. Using the theory of canonical theta null points, we are able to give a theoretical foundation to Mestre's point counting algorithm which is based on the computation of the generalized arithmetic geometric mean sequence.