Thaumatotibia

Abstract: ..................................................................................................................................... ii Declaration ................................................................................................................................. v Acknowledgements ................................................................................................................... vi Table of

Abstract: Baculovirus biopesticides are an important component of integrated pest management programmes worldwide. One such example is the Cryptophlebia leucotreta granulovirus (CrleGV) which is used for the control of false codling moth, Thaumatotibia (= Cryptophlebia) leucotreta (Meyrick) (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae), a pest of citrus and other crops in South Africa. A potential problem associated with constant application of viral biopesticides is the differing susceptibility to the virus observed between different geographic populations of the insect host. This could be related to a number of factors, including biological performance and fitness of the target insect population. This study compared a variety of phenotypic traits between geographically distinct T. leucotreta populations collected from the Addo, Marble Hall, Citrusdal and Nelspruit regions of South Africa, and reared under laboratory conditions for several generations. Traits including pupal mass, female fecundity, egg hatch, pupal survival, adult eclosion and developmental time were used as parameters to measure biological performance and fitness. Insects from the Citrusdal region of the Western Cape exhibited significantly lower pupal mass, female fecundity, egg hatch, pupal survival, adult eclosion and the longest duration in larval and pupal development compared to the other colonies investigated. This is the first study to report differences in the performance of laboratory reared T. leucotreta from different geographic locations, and the findings may have important implications for the application of viral biopesticides for the control of this pest in South Africa.

Abstract: The scientific names of several pest species in the moth family Tortricidae (Lepidoptera) frequently are cited erroneously in contemporary entomological literature. Most misuse stems from the fact that many proposed name changes appear in systematic treat- ments that are not seen by most members of the general entomologi- cal community. Also, there is resistance among some entomologists to conform to recently proposed changes in the scientific names of well-known pest species. Species names discussed in this paper are Brazilian apple leafroller, Bonagota salubricola (Meyrick); western black-headed budworm, Acleris gloverana (Walsingham); and green budworm, Choristoneura retiniana (Walsingham). Generic names discussed include those for false codling moth, Thaumatotibia leu- cotreta (Meyrick); grape berry moth, Paralobesia viteana (Clemens); pitch twig moth, Retinia comstockiana (Fernald); codling moth, Cydia pomonella (Linnaeus); oak leaftier, Acleris semipurpurana (Kearfott); and garden tortrix, Clepsis peritana (Clemens). Use of the tribe Cochylini also is reviewed.

Abstract: One new genus, Concinocordis (Enarmoniini), and 13 new species, Phtheochroa aarviki (Cochylini), Endothenia ator (Bactrini), Concinocordis wilsonarum, Anthozela psychotriae (both Enarmoniini), Cosmetra podocarpivora, Cosmetra taitana, Gypsonoma scolopiae (all Eucosmini), Thaumatotibia salaciae, Cydia connara, Cydia sennae, Fulcrifera crota- lariae, Stenentoma sorindeiae, and Thylacogaster garcinivora (all Grapholitini), are described and illustrated. All speci-mens of these new species were reared from native fruit in Kenya. Two new combinations are proposed, Cydia anthracotis (Meyrick) (transferred from “Laspeyresia”) and Cosmetra nereidopa (Meyrick) (transferred from Sycacantha), and the female genitalia of Anthozela chrysoxantha Meyrick are illustrated for the first time.