Topic
Telegraph key
About: Telegraph key is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 13 publications have been published within this topic receiving 822 citations. The topic is also known as: Morse key.
Papers
TL;DR: College students' presses on a telegraph key were occasionally reinforced by light onsets in the presence of which button presses (consummatory responses) produced points later exchangeable for money, confirming human responding is maximally sensitive to schedule contingencies when instructions are minimized and the reinforcer requires a consummatory response.
Abstract: College students' presses on a telegraph key were occasionally reinforced by light onsets in the presence of which button presses (consummatory responses) produced points later exchangeable for money. One student's key presses were reinforced according to a variable-ratio schedule; key presses of another student in a separate room were reinforced according to a variable-interval schedule yoked to the interreinforcement intervals produced by the first student. Instructions described the operation of the reinforcement button, but did not mention the telegraph key; instead, key pressing was established by shaping. Performances were comparable to those of infrahuman organisms: variable-ratio key-pressing rates were higher than yoked variable-interval rates. With some yoked pairs, schedule effects occurred so rapidly that rate reversals produced by schedule reversals were demonstrable within one session. But sensitivity to these contingencies was not reliably obtained with other pairs for whom an experimenter demonstrated key pressing or for whom the reinforcer included automatic point deliveries instead of points produced by button presses. A second experiment with uninstructed responding demonstrated sensitivity to fixed-interval contingencies. These findings clarify prior failures to demonstrate human sensitivity to schedule contingencies: human responding is maximally sensitive to these contingencies when instructions are minimized and the reinforcer requires a consummatory response.
382 citations
TL;DR: The differential sensitivity to schedule contingencies of shaped responding relative to instructed responding is consistent with the different properties of contingency- governed and rule-governed behavior and is not rate-dependent.
Abstract: College students' presses on a telegraph key occasionally turned on a light in the presence of which button presses produced points later exchangeable for money. Initially, responding was maintained by low-rate contingencies superimposed on either random-interval or random-ratio schedules. Later, the low-rate contingencies were relaxed. Low-rate key pressing had been established for some students by shaping and for others by demonstration and written instructions. After the low-rate contingencies were relaxed, higher response rates generally did not increase point earnings with random-interval scheduling, but did so with random-ratio scheduling. In both cases, shaped responding usually increased, and instructed responding usually continued at an unchanged low rate. The insensitivity of instructed responding typically occurred despite contact with the contingencies. The differential sensitivity to schedule contingencies of shaped responding relative to instructed responding is consistent with the different properties of contingency-governed and rule-governed behavior and is not rate-dependent.
323 citations
TL;DR: An experiment was carried out to study the nature of end-Spurt in a task requiring pure muscular activity (tapping a telegraph key) and to compare the findings to those which studied end-spurt in tasks requiring other types of activities.
Abstract: An experiment was carried out to study the nature of end-spurt in a task requiring pure muscular activity (tapping a telegraph key) and to compare the findings to those which studied end-spurt in t...
22 citations
Patent•
24 Jul 2004
TL;DR: In this paper, a wireless keying system was proposed for sending Morse code messages in a continuous wave (CW) transmission mode without a physical wired connection between the wireless key and said radio transmitter.
Abstract: This invention generally relates to Morse code sending keys systems. More specifically, this invention relates to a wireless key system that can select a particular amateur radio transmitter on a crowded radio bench and direct it to send Morse code messages in a continuous wave (CW) transmission mode without a physical wired connection between the wireless key and said radio transmitter. The wireless keying system is comprised of a Telegraph Instrument Encoding Unit (TIEU) and a Dit/Dah Decoding Unit (DDU). The TIEU electrically encodes the telegraph contact closures and emits an electro-optical signal, mimicking the closures made by the telegraph key. The DDU detects the emitted electro-optical signal and generates electrical signals for keying on and off the amateur radio transmitter chosen. This wireless keying system supports the transfer of Morse code signals from a telegraph hand key, a paddle key, and those generated by a computer.
14 citations
Patent•
20 Jan 1943
TL;DR: In this article, an apparatus for teaching telegraphy where moving images which convey instruction in the technique of code signalling are projected for observation by the student, and are synchronized with signal impulses which are received when a telegraph key is manipulated in coordination.
Abstract: This invention relates to apparatus for teaching telegraphy wherein moving images which convey instruction in the technique of code signalling are projected for observation by the student, and are synchronized with signal impulses which are received when a telegraph key is manipulated in coordination...
5 citations
Related Topics (5)
Performance Metrics
| Year | Papers |
|---|---|
| 2014 | 1 |
| 2004 | 1 |
| 2002 | 1 |
| 2001 | 1 |
| 1986 | 1 |
| 1981 | 1 |