Tachys

Abstract: The true identity of Merostachys mul- tiramea Hackel is discussed. As a result of a review of the group of the species similar to M. multira- mea, the following are described as new: Meros- tachys abadiana, M. caucaiana, M. filgueirasii, M. kleinii, M. magellanica, M. pilifera, M. scan- dens, and M. skvortzovii. The description of floral morphology is added to M. glauca McClure & L.

Abstract: Five species of Laboulbenia are recorded from 15 species of Carabidae (Coleoptera) of the Galapagos Archipelago. Laboulbeniales were found on seven of the 15 larger Galapagos Islands. L. sanjoaquina sp. nov. is described from Platynus (subgenus Dyscolus) species, endemic to San Cristobal, L. galapagoensis sp. nov. from Tachys species, occurring on several Galapagos Islands and L. appendiculata sp. nov. from a Bradycellus species, occurring on Pinzon. The genera Selenophorus and Calosoma are new host records of L. flagellata, this being the first definite record of a Laboulbenia-infested Carabini under natural conditions. In general, most of the Laboulbeniales have been observed in more humid conditions, mainly from coastal littoral habitats and the fern-sedge vegetation zone at higher elevation on Galapagos islands and volcanoes. L. galapagoensis and L. appendiculata are assumed to be dioecious. Together with L. inflata, three presumably dioecious species thus occur on the Galapagos Islands. Characters, a distribution map and an identification key are given for the Laboulbenia inflata species-group.

Abstract: Afenestrata koreana n. sp. collected from roots of bamboo (Phyllostachys pubescens) in Gyeo- ngnam Province in the southern part of the Korean peninsula is described and illustrated. Its primary differentiating characteristics are a globose to subspherical body in adults with a prominent neck and terminal cone, thick cuticle, terminal vulva, and deep vagina. Fenestra, bullae, and under- bridge are absent. The anus is on the immediate posterior side of the cone. Superficial small tuber- cules cover all the terminal cone area. The new species differs markedly from the other two known species in the genus, specifically in having three incisures in the lateral field of juveniles and a shorter stylet length in juveniles and adults. The male is unknown. During a plant nematode survey in the South Korean peninsula, a cyst-forming nematode belonging to the genus Afene- strata Baldwin & Bell, 1985 was isolated from soil and roots of bamboo (PhyUos- tachys pubescens Mazel). Studies of juveniles, females, and cysts convinced us that this species is morphologically and morpho- metrically different from the two known species assigned to the genus Afenestrata, and it is described herein as A. koreana n. sp.