TL;DR: The effects of climate, topography, and natural ecology on public health, nutrition, demographics, technological diffusion, international trade and other determinants of economic development in Africa are presented.
Abstract: PIP: This paper presents the effects of climate, topography, and natural ecology on public health, nutrition, demographics, technological diffusion, international trade and other determinants of economic development in Africa. The goal of this paper is to emphasize the need for intensified research on the issues at the intersection of ecology and human society. Geography was given emphasis because of three reasons: the minimal gain from another recitation of the damage caused by statism, protectionism and corruption to African economic performance; negligence of the role of natural forces in shaping economic performance; and tailoring of policies to geographical realities. The paper also discusses the general problems of tropical development and the focus of Africa's problems in worldwide tropical perspectives; demographic trends in Africa; use of standard cross-country growth equations with demographic and geographic variables, to account for the relative roles of geography; and the future growth strategies and the need for urban-based export growth in manufacturing and services. Lastly, the authors provide a summary of conclusions and discuss the agenda for future research.
TL;DR: The authors argues that we are witnessing the rise of authoritarian neoliberalism, which is rooted in the reconfiguring of the state into a less democratic entity through constitutional and legal changes that seek to insulate it from social and political conflict.
Abstract: This article returns to Marxist commentaries during a previous period characterized by profound contradictions and conflict—especially the writings of Nicos Poulantzas and Stuart Hall on authoritarian statism/populism from the late 1970s to the 1980s—in order to make sense of the present era. The article argues that we are witnessing the rise of authoritarian neoliberalism, which is rooted in the reconfiguring of the state into a less democratic entity through constitutional and legal changes that seek to insulate it from social and political conflict. The apparent strengthening of the state simultaneously entails its growing fragility, for it is becoming an increasingly direct target of a range of popular struggles, demands, and discontent by way of the pressures emanating from this strengthening. A primary reference point for the article is a notable casualty of the post-2007 crisis, European social democracy, but the implications for radical politics more broadly are also considered.
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors focus on the study of social change in the European world-economy: periphery versus external arena and the strong core states: class-formation and international commerce.
Abstract: List of Illustrations Acknowledgments Quotation Credits Prologue to the 2011 Edition Introduction: On the study of social change 1. Medieval prelude 2. The new European division of labor: c. 1450-1640 3. The absolute monarchy and statism 4. From Seville to Amsterdam: the failure of empire 5. The strong core-states: class-formation and international commerce 6. The European world-economy: periphery versus external arena 7. Theoretical reprise Bibliography Index
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors discuss the world-polity and state structure in the context of the United Nations and the World-Polity and the Authority of the Nation-State, 1870-1970.
Abstract: PART ONE: THEORETICAL ISSUES Ontology and Rationalization in the Western Cultural Account PART TWO: THE WORLD-POLITY AND STATE STRUCTURE The World-Polity and the Authority of the Nation-State World-Polity Sources of Expanding State Authority and Organization, 1870-1970 Regime Changes and State Power in an Intensifying World-State-System Structural Antecedents and Consequences of Statism PART THREE: CONSTITUTING NATION AND CITIZEN Human Rights or State Expansion? Cross-National Definitions of Constitutional Rights, 1870-1970 Global Patterns of Educational Institutionalization On the Union of States and Schools World-Polity Sources of National Welfare and Land Reform PART FOUR: CONSTRUCTING THE MODERN INDIVIDUAL The Ideology of Childhood and the State Rules Distinguishing Children in National Constitutions, 1870-1970 Self and Life Course Institutionalization and Its Effects The Political Construction of Rape PART FIVE: RATIONALIZATION AND COLLECTIVE ACTION Comparative Social Movements Revivalism, Nation-Building and Institutional Change PART SIX: THE POSSIBILITY OF A GENERAL HISTORICAL THEORY Institutional Analysis
TL;DR: The Uneven Development of National Education Systems - The Social Origins of National education systems - Education and State Formation - education and Statism in Continental Europe - The U.S. Experience: Education, Nationhood and the Decentralized State - English Education and the Liberal State - Conclusion: The Liberal Legacy.
Abstract: Introduction - The Uneven Development of National Education Systems - The Social Origins of National Education Systems - Education and State Formation - Education and Statism in Continental Europe - The U.S. Experience: Education, Nationhood and the Decentralized State - English Education and the Liberal State - Conclusion: The Liberal Legacy - References - Bibliography - Index