TL;DR: This work introduces Stanza, an open-source Python natural language processing toolkit supporting 66 human languages that features a language-agnostic fully neural pipeline for text analysis, including tokenization, multi-word token expansion, lemmatization, part-of-speech and morphological feature tagging, dependency parsing, and named entity recognition.
Abstract: We introduce Stanza, an open-source Python natural language processing toolkit supporting 66 human languages Compared to existing widely used toolkits, Stanza features a language-agnostic fully neural pipeline for text analysis, including tokenization, multi-word token expansion, lemmatization, part-of-speech and morphological feature tagging, dependency parsing, and named entity recognition We have trained Stanza on a total of 112 datasets, including the Universal Dependencies treebanks and other multilingual corpora, and show that the same neural architecture generalizes well and achieves competitive performance on all languages tested Additionally, Stanza includes a native Python interface to the widely used Java Stanford CoreNLP software, which further extends its functionality to cover other tasks such as coreference resolution and relation extraction Source code, documentation, and pretrained models for 66 languages are available at https://stanfordnlpgithubio/stanza/
TL;DR: In this article, a piece of legal theory about the Stanza of Anglo-Saxon Poetry is discussed, and the author invokes Lewis Carroll's authority on the interpretation of the poem.
Abstract: European and American scholars of law and society apparently have problems in communicating with each other. To invoke Lewis Carroll’s authority on a piece of legal theory indicates how serious the problems are. After all, traced to its true origins, “Jabberwocky”, the famous “Stanza of Anglo-Saxon Poetry”1 means “weeks of woe” in its original German version.2 And inextricably involved in the interpretation of the poetry is a certain Hermann von Schwindel...
TL;DR: This article found that Japanese children's narratives are usually free-standing collections of three experiences, and stanzas almost always consist of three lines, reflecting the basic characteristics of haiku, a commonly practiced literary form.
Abstract: Conversational narratives of 17 Japanese children aged 5 to 9 were analyzed using stanza analysis (Gee 1985; Hymes 1982). Three distinctive features emerged: (1) the narratives are exceptionally succinct; (2) they are usually free-standing collections of three experiences; (3) stanzas almost always consist of three lines. These features reflect the basic characteristics of haiku, a commonly practiced literary form that often combines poetry and narrative, and an ancient, but still ubiquitous game called karuta, which also displays three lines of written discourse. These literacy games may explain both the extraordinary regularity of verses per stanza and the smooth acquisition of reading by a culture that practices restricted, ambiguous, oral-style discourse. The structure of Japanese children's narratives must be understood within the larger context of omoiyari “empathy” training of Japanese children. Empathy training may account for the production, comprehension, and appreciation of ambiguous discourse in Japanese society. (Cultural differences in discourse style, the relationship among oral language, literacy, and literature)
TL;DR: The final stanza of the children's poem Helping reminds us of a simple caveat we all would be well advised to consider: "Some kind of help is the kind of helping that helping's all about" as discussed by the authors.
Abstract: The final stanza of the children’s poem Helping reminds us of a simple caveat we all would be well advised to consider: ‘Some kind of help is the kind of help that helping’s all about. And some kin...
TL;DR: The authors treated phonology, accidence, verb formations and inflections, and verse and stanza structure in the standard text. But they did not consider the use of accidence in the text.
Abstract: Phonology, accidence--verb formations and inflections--and verse and stanza structure are treated in this standard text.