Topic
Spermicide
About: Spermicide is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 273 publications have been published within this topic receiving 4977 citations. The topic is also known as: spermatocidal agent & spermatocidal drug.
Papers published on a yearly basis
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Papers
TL;DR: The results suggest that a woman can appreciably decrease her risk of contracting gonorrhea if she uses spermicides in conjunction with either the diaphragm or the condom.
Abstract: A case-control study was done to evaluate the effectiveness of vaginal spermicides as a prophylaxis against gonorrhea. The subjects included 735 women with gonorrhea and 958 controls seen in a sexually transmitted disease clinic. The relative risk (RR) of gonorrhea for spermicide users compared with nonusers was 0.67 with 90% confidence limits, 0.44 to 1.0. This RR was 0.47 (90% confidence limits, 0.25 to 0.87) after the exclusion of women using oral contraceptives, an intrauterine device, or with a tubal ligation. The protective effect of spermicides was confined largely to women who had also used diaphragms or whose partners had used condoms. The RR of gonorrhea for spermicide and condom users relative to nonusers of spermicides, condoms, and diaphragms was 0.41 (90% confidence limits, 0.21 to 0.79), while for spermicide and diaphragm users, this RR was 0.45 (90% confidence limits, 0.15 to 1.3). These results suggest that a woman can appreciably decrease her risk of contracting gonorrhea if she uses spermicides in conjunction with either the diaphragm or the condom. ( JAMA 1984;251:2822-2824)
120 citations
TL;DR: The use of a vaginal N-9 spermicide with condoms whenever possible seems to be a better strategy than the use of condoms only for prevention of gonococcal and chlamydial cervical infection.
118 citations
TL;DR: Spermicidal GMs have unprecedented potential as dual function microbicidal contraceptives to improve vaginal bioavailability of poorly soluble antimicrobial agents without causing significant vaginal damage.
113 citations
TL;DR: It is suggested that Nisin, with its antibacterial and spermicidal activities, could be developed as a potent vaginal contraceptive for future use in humans.
107 citations
TL;DR: This is the first epidemiological evidence that N-9 spermicides can reduce the incidence of HIV infection, and a more definitive randomized clinical trial is urgently needed.
Abstract: In a prospective study the association between spermicide use and HIV infection was measured adjusting for condom use the association between condom use and HIV infection and spermicide use. A total of 273 HIV-negative female prostitutes the majority of them in their twenties were enrolled in the study in Yaounde Cameroon in 1989-1990. They made up to 12 monthly clinic visits for interviews examinations tests and re-supply of condoms and spermicide. When they were admitted to the study they were given plain lubricated latex condoms and N-9 vaginal spermicidal suppositories containing 100 mg N-9 and they were advised to use both every time they had sexual intercourse. Participants recorded data on sexual activity and barrier method use on pictorial coital logs (calendars on which coitus condom use and spermicide use could be marked). New HIV infections were detected and confirmed by quarterly enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays and Western blots respectively. Both consistent spermicide use and consistent condom use were associated with lower incidences of gonorrhoea and genital ulcers. 19 HIV-seroconversions (7.0% of the 273 women) occurred during a mean follow-up of 8.1 months (an incidence rate of 10.4 infections per 100 woman-years). The HIV rate ratio (RR) for more consistent spermicide users (> or = 67% use) compared with less consistent users was 0.2 (95% CI 0.1-0.7) indicating substantial protection against HIV. The HIV RR for more consistent condom users (> or = 63% use) compared with less consistent users was 0.8 (95% CI 0.3- 2.0) suggesting slight protection. Adjusting for condom use the RR for more versus less consistent spermicide use was 0.1 (95% CI 0.1- 0.6). Adjusting for spermicide use the RR for more versus less consistent condom use was 1.1 (95% CI 0.4-2.9). Among the subgroup of experienced condom users the RR for more versus less consistent condom use was 0.3. These findings prove that N-9 spermicides can reduce the incidence of HIV infection.
105 citations
Related Topics (5)
Performance Metrics
| Year | Papers |
|---|---|
| 2025 | 1 |
| 2023 | 7 |
| 2022 | 9 |
| 2021 | 2 |
| 2020 | 3 |
| 2019 | 1 |