TL;DR: In this paper, a series of tests on glass-Si hermetically sealed packages are presented, including a 6.7-year ongoing room temperature phosphate buffered saline (PBS) soak test of 4 packages and a 2.3-year in-vitro 97/spl deg/C PBS soak test on a single package.
Abstract: This paper reviews long-term test results obtained from a series of tests on glass-Si hermetically sealed packages. Results are presented from: 1) a 6.7-year ongoing room temperature phosphate buffered saline (PBS) soak test of 4 packages; 2) a 2.3-year ongoing in-vitro 97/spl deg/C PBS soak test of a single package; and 3) in-situ hermeticity and biocompatibility tests from 12 packages implanted in 4 guinea pigs - 3 packages implanted in each of 2 guinea pigs for 1-month and another 2 guinea pigs for 19-months, and 22-months. The long-term room temperature soak test is the longest running of any micropackage reported to date.
TL;DR: In this article, the theoretical background of the stress-relaxation process and the results of a parameter study for its most influential technical parameters are compared to photoelastic measurements of temper stresses and fracture patterns of tempered glass before and after a heat treatment similar to heat soak testing.
TL;DR: In this paper, the impact of the S-series solar PVB (polyvinyl butyral) configurations on conventional vehicle fuel economy and electric vehicle (EV) range was assessed.
Abstract: The objective of the study was to assess the impact of Saflex1 S-series Solar Control PVB (polyvinyl butyral) configurations on conventional vehicle fuel economy and electric vehicle (EV) range. The approach included outdoor vehicle thermal soak testing, RadTherm cool-down analysis, and vehicle simulations. Thermal soak tests were conducted at the National Renewable Energy Laboratory's Vehicle Testing and Integration Facility in Golden, Colorado. The test results quantified interior temperature reductions and were used to generate initial conditions for the RadTherm cool-down analysis. The RadTherm model determined the potential reduction in air-conditioning (A/C) capacity, which was used to calculate the A/C load for the vehicle simulations. The vehicle simulation tool identified the potential reduction in fuel consumption or improvement in EV range between a baseline and modified configurations for the city and highway drive cycles. The thermal analysis determined a potential 4.0% reduction in A/C power for the Saflex Solar PVB solar control configuration. The reduction in A/C power improved the vehicle range of EVs and fuel economy of conventional vehicles and plug-in hybrid electric vehicles.