Senna Fruit

Abstract: Summary 1 A method for the biological assay of vegetable purgatives based on the number of wet faeces produced by groups of mice after dosing is described. 2 The relation of the number of wet faeces per kg. of mouse to the logarithm of the dose was found to be linear. 3 40 mice divided equally into 4 groups were used in each assay.*** 2 groups received the standard preparation and the other 2 groups received the test preparation. The standard deviation of a single determination based on 9 such assays was estimated to be 15m7 per cent. The limits of error (P = 0m99) for a single assay are 100±40m5 per cent. 4 A special cage has been designed for this assay, and it has been found advantageous to incorporate a definite proportion of water in the diet, during test. 5 The method described is not only convenient in use but also gives a comparatively high degree of accuracy. 6 The method has been successfully applied to senna leaf, senna fruit and extracts and commercial preparations made from these drugs, pure glycosides (sennosides A and B), and pure anthracene compounds (aloe-emodin and aloe-emodin anthranol).

Abstract: A new method for the biological assay of vegetable purgatives based on the numbers of wet faeces excreted by groups of mice after dosing is described. The relation of the number of wet faeces per group of mice to the logarithm of the dose was found to be linear. A cage has been specially designed for this assay and it has been found advantageous to incorporate a definite proportion of water in the diet during test. 40 mice divided equally into 4 groups were used in each assay. 2 groups received the standard preparation and the other 2 groups received the test preparation. The standard deviation of a single determination based on 9 such assays was estimated to be 15.7 per cent. For rhubarb and its preparations, a“6-point”assay is advocated. With suitable restric-tion in the design of the assay, it is possible to calculate the potency by simple methods. Powdered crude drugs are used as laboratory standards in the assay of senna and rhubarb. The doses of cascara bark required to produce distinctive responses are too inconveniently large to be administered in suspension. It was found possible to use a potent extract of cascara in place of the powdered bark as a laboratory standard. Examples of the assay and the subsequent calculations are given. The method described is not only convenient in use but also gives a comparatively high degree of accuracy. The method has been successfully applied to senna leaf, senna fruit, rhubarb, cascara sagrada and extracts and commercial preparations made from these drugs, pure glycosides(sennosides A and B) and pure anthracene compounds(aloe emodin and aloe-emodine anthranol).

Abstract: Corresponding author: Bayadir Abdul Ameer Qasim Email: jonyousef111@gmail.com Department of Biology College of Science University of Basrah Basrah Iraq ABSTRACT Objectives: This study investigate the role of hexane extract of Cassia senna fruits as antibacterial against urinary tract infection UTI pathogens and antioxidant activity. Methods: The chemical composition of extract was performed by GC-MS Analysis. the antibacterial potential was achieved using agar well diffusion method and Minimum inhibitory concentration method also determination of human red blood cells (RBCs) cytotoxicity whereas antioxidant performed by DPPH assay. Results: The results of GC-MS showed linolaidic acid 25.08%, linoleic acid ethyl ester 20.04%, beta-sitosrol 14.8%, gammasitosterol 13.37%, hexadecanoic acid ethyl ester 13.04%, tetracosane 9.16%, Stigmasterol 6.73%, Lupeol and Betulin area was 5.66%. the extract exhibit antibacterial activity against UTI pathogens with excellent and broad spectrum activity as compared with antibiotics with no toxic effect against human(RBCs). the highest inhibition zone was 50 mm of Staphylococcus pseudintermedius and the lowest 18 mm for proteus vulgaris with MIC ranging between less than 1 and 1 mg. From the analysis of antioxidant potential of Cassia Senna hexane fruit extract revealed high inhibition DPPH percent 91% at high concentration 1000 ul/ml as well as ascorbic acid. Conclusion: This study highlights that hexane extract of Cassia senna fruit has potential components which elicited their biological activities against UTI pathogens and antioxidant.