Abstract: This section will review those books whose content and level reflect the general editorial policy of Technometrics. Publishers should send books for review to Ejaz Ahmed, Department of Mathematics ...

Abstract: We study the effect of internet diffusion on childbirth procedures performed in England between 2000 and 2011. We exploit an identification strategy based on geographical discontinuities in internet access generated by technological factors. We show that broadband internet access increased Cesarean-sections: mothers living in areas with better internet access are 2.5 percent more likely to have a C-section than mothers living in areas with worse internet access. The effect is driven by first-time mothers who are 6 percent more likely to obtain an elective C-section. The increased C-section rate is not accompanied by changes in health care outcomes of mothers and newborns. Health care costs increased with no corresponding medical benefits for patients. Heterogeneity analysis shows that mothers with low income and low education are those more affected: thanks to the internet, they progressively close the C-section gap with mothers with higher income and education. We show evidence documenting the growing importance of the internet as a source of health related information, and we argue that patient’s access to online information is changing the relationship between health care providers and patients.

Abstract: Cesarean section (CS) use has increased during the past 3 decades to a higher frequency than is thought to be optimal. The global rate of this surgery has doubled in the past 10 years to 21%, and increases annually by 4%. While in the sub-Saharan region of Africa the rate of cesarean section is 4%, some countries in Latin America the rate is almost 60%. About six million unnecessary cesareans are done each year, half of them in Brazil and China [1]. Cesarean section rates are increasing worldwide, largely due to an increase in primary cesarean delivery and decrease in vaginal birth after cesarean section. The factors contributing to this are complex, and identifying the complications and interventions are challenging. Behind the different rates there is a number of interrelated factors including advanced maternal age, increasing incidence of obesity, assisted reproductive techniques, and maternal request for nonmedical reasons. The sub-optimal management of labor and the concerns aboutmedical liability claims and litigations are increasing the number of abdominal deliveries. Antoine and Young, authors of review article Cesarean section 100 Years 1920–2020: the Good, the Bad and the Ugly, published in this issue of the Journal review the changing indications for cesarean deliveries in the last few decades and summarize its effects on obstetrical clinical practice [2]. They give further insight to the practice of obstetrics and gynecology, where we may and need to go in the future.

Abstract: Unwelcome or unconsented acknowledgments is an unethical practice seldom addressed. It constitutes a form of authorship abuse perpetrated in the acknowledgments section of published research, where...

Abstract: This overview article opens up with the key factors contributing to the growth of English in the education system in Morocco. The subsequent section places a special focus on English language teach...

Abstract: In this col laborative essay, the authors investigate the di fferent ways in which representations of the wounds of Christ functioned in devotional practices as wel l as within a wider European context. The fi rst section cons iders the wounds of Christ rendered as l i fe-giving wel ls in Princeton MS Taylor 17, a fi fteenth-century Middle Engl ish prayer book, focus ing on their relationship to contemporary secular imagery as wel l as devotional l i terature about the heart. The second section focuses on the i l lustration on a Syphilisblätter, Dürer’s ‘Syphi l i tic Man’ (1496), and cons iders the visual referents rel ied on by the artist to communicate complex devotional ideas. This section also cons iders Dürer’s own relationship to phi lopass ianism and positions this image within the artist’s oeuvre. The third section focuses on the Loftie Hours and the Hours of Bonne of Luxembourg, both produced for female patrons in the Later Medieval period. Through cons ideration of the patterns of wear and intervisual relationships with contemporary i l lustrations of vulvas , the potentia l of these manuscripts to express di fferent gendered pos itions a longs ide pious and devotional practices is examined. Compone nt DOI: http://dx.doi .org/10.15180/211503/001

Abstract: This article provides a critical exploration of the textbook-based character of Finnish educational culture. The opening section points to the need to recognize and better understand the role of te...

Abstract: The profusion of documents production at an exponential rate over the web has made it difficult for the scientific community to retrieve most relevant information against the query. The research co...

Abstract: This is the introductory essay to a special edition of Cultural Commons, the short-form section in the European Journal of Cultural Studies. This special edition marks the centenary of Raymond Will...

Abstract: In my Reviewing Policy section of this journal I have often analyzed a number of significant books that focus on other nations. Such an international agenda is important. Analytically such a wider ...

Abstract: This paper solves the $L^2$ version of Maz'ya's open problem (Integral Equations Operator Theory 2018) on the sharp uncertainty principle inequality \[\int_{\mathbb{R}^N}| abla {\bf\it u}|^2dx\int_{\mathbb{R}^N}|{\bf\it u}|^2|{\bf\it x}|^2dx\ge C_N\left(\int_{\mathbb{R}^N}|{\bf\it u}|^2dx\right)^2\] for solenoidal (namely divergence-free) vector fields ${\bf\it u}={\bf\it u}({\bf\it x})$ on $\mathbb{R}^N$. The best value of the constant turns out to be $C_N=\frac{1}{4}\left(\sqrt{N^2-4(N-3)}+2\right)^2$ which exceeds the original value $N^2/4$ for unconstrained fields. Moreover, we show the attainability of $C_N$ and specify the profiles of the extremal solenoidal fields: for $N\ge4$, the extremals are proportional to a poloidal field that is axisymmetric and unique up to the axis of symmetry; for $N=3$, there additionally exist extremal toroidal fields.

Abstract: A Reeb vector field satisfies the Kupka-Smale condition when all its closed orbits are non-degenerate, and the stable and unstable manifolds of its hyperbolic closed orbits intersect transversely. We show that, on a closed 3-manifold, any Reeb vector field satisfying the Kupka-Smale condition admits a Birkhoff section. In particular, this implies that the Reeb vector field of a $C^\infty$-generic contact form on a closed 3-manifold admits a Birkhoff section, and that the geodesic vector field of a $C^\infty$-generic Riemannian metric on a closed surface admits a Birkhoff section.

Abstract: The raison d’etre of the humanities is widely held to reside in its unique ability to generate critical thinking and critical thinkers. But what is “critical thinking?” Is it a generalized mode of ...

Abstract: “Section A” of Oronzo Cilli’s Tolkien’s Library: An Annotated Checklist (2019) has become an indispensable resource for J. R. R. Tolkien scholars as it compiles a comprehensive list of works that T...

Abstract: This study is concerned with the realization of Brown’s theory of assessing reading on the English national examination. This study focused on the English national examination for junior high schools in the academic year 2018/2019. It aimed to know what types of assessing reading were used and what the most dominant types were used on the English national examination based on the realization of Brown’s theory. The qualitative approach was employed. The method of analysis used was descriptive research. Based on the data analysis, there was only one type of the four types of reading assessment which was implemented on the English national examination. It was interactive reading. The tasks which were used in interactive reading are impromptu reading plus comprehension question as many as 49 questions which are included in 17 texts and ordering tasks as many as 1 question which was included into 1 text. All of them were spread into 17 texts. The most dominant type of assessing reading was interactive reading (50 questions) which consisted of 49 questions of impromptu reading plus comprehension questions and 1 question of ordering tasks.

Abstract: The aim of this article is to present an exploratory interview framework called Sport-Psych-Mapping, that can serve practitioners as guidance in exploring the psychological reality of individuals and collectives. To meet our aim, in this article we address (a) the context in which the exploratory interview framework was developed, (b) the theoretical structure used to select topics and questions, (c) the structure of the interview, (d) the topics and questions in the central section of the interview, (e) the summary section of the interview, and (f) different ways the exploratory interview framework has been applied. The hallmarks of Sport-Psych-Mapping are: the structure that includes an opening, central, and summary section; the central section, in which external variables, bio-psychological states and traits, as well as psychological skills are explored; and the summary section, where an individual map is created with key concepts and phrases that reflect the interviewee’s main responses.

Abstract: Discourse parsing of scholarly documents is the premise and basis for standardizing the writing of scholarly documents, understanding their content, and quickly locating and extracting specific information from them. With the continuous emergence of a large number of scholarly documents, how to automatically analyze scholarly documents quickly and effectively has become a research hotspot. In this paper, we propose a hybrid model, which considers both section headers and body texts, to recognize generic sections in scholarly documents automatically. We conduct a comprehensive analysis of the semantic difference between short phrases and long narrative text chunks on the SectLabel dataset. The experimental results show that our model achieves 91.67% $$F_{1}$$ -value in the generic section recognization, which is better than the baseline.

Abstract: In the version of this Article originally published, the captions for Extended Data Figs. 1, 2 and 3 were in the wrong order and did not correspond to their associated figures. The correct captions are listed below and the Article has been corrected accordingly. In addition, the cell line MCF7 was mistakenly written as ‘MCF7A’ in seven instances in the main text, Methods and Extended Data Fig. 4 caption, and as ‘MCF10A’ in one instance in the ‘Author contributions’ section; these errors have now been corrected.