TL;DR: Two other languages, the Lukasiewicz language and the language of completely parenthesized arithmetic expressions, are studied and a proof of the Chomsky-Schutzenberger Theorem is presented.
Abstract: The first section of this chapter contains the definitions of context-free or algebraic languages by means of context-free grammars and of systems of algebraic equations. In the second section, we recall without proof several constructions and closure properties of context-free languages. This section contains also the iteration lemmas for context-free languages. The third section gives a description of the various families of Dyck languages. They have two definitions, as classes of certain congruences, and as languages generated by some context-free grammars. The section ends with a proof of the Chomsky-Schutzenberger Theorem. Two other languages, the Lukasiewicz language and the language of completely parenthesized arithmetic expressions, are studied in the last section.
TL;DR: This paper aims to provide a scaffolding for clear writing in the field of biomedical research paper-writing by demonstrating the importance of sentence structure in the development of narrative structure.
Abstract: Preface. Credits. The Goal: Clear Writing. Section I: The Building Blocks of Writing. Chapter 1: Word Choice. Chapter 2: Sentence Structure. Chapter 3: Paragraph Structure. Section II: The Text of the Biomedical Research Paper. Chapter 4: The Introduction. Chapter 5: Materials and Methods. Chapter 6: Results. Chapter 7: Discussion. Section III: Supporting Information. Chapter 8: Figures and Tables. Chapter 9: References. Section IV: The Overview. Chapter 10: The Abstract. Chapter 11: The Title. Chapter 12: The Big Picture. Reaching the Goal: Suggestions for Writing. Revisions of Exercises. Literature Cited. Index.
TL;DR: The metabolic basis of inherited disease is explored in this article.
Abstract: Journal of Pediatric Gastroenterology and NutritionVolume 13, Issue 4 p. 436-436 Book Reviews: PDF Only The Metabolic Basis of Inherited Disease Joseph H. Clark, Joseph H. Clark The Medical College of Georgia, School of Medicine, Section of Gastroenterology and Nutrition, Augusta, Georgia, U.S.A.Search for more papers by this author Joseph H. Clark, Joseph H. Clark The Medical College of Georgia, School of Medicine, Section of Gastroenterology and Nutrition, Augusta, Georgia, U.S.A.Search for more papers by this author First published: 01 November 1991 https://doi.org/10.1002/j.1536-4801.1991.tb10474.xAboutPDF ToolsRequest permissionExport citationAdd to favoritesTrack citation ShareShare Give accessShare full text accessShare full-text accessPlease review our Terms and Conditions of Use and check box below to share full-text version of article.I have read and accept the Wiley Online Library Terms and Conditions of UseShareable LinkUse the link below to share a full-text version of this article with your friends and colleagues. Learn more.Copy URL Share a linkShare onEmailFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditWechat No abstract is available for this article. Volume13, Issue4November 1991Pages 436-436 RelatedInformation
TL;DR: In this article, a display section has a predetermined portion for translated sections, and identifies original sentences or characters when a referring request is made to a part of the translated sentences, and a highlight display of original sentences may be scrolled synchronously with the scrolling of translated sentences or independently.
Abstract: This invention relates to a display method, and in particularly, to an output display method for a machine translation system, Display section has a predetermined portion for translated sections, and identifies original sentences or characters when a referring request is made to a part of the translated sentences. Highlight display of original sentences may be scrolled synchronously with the scrolling of the translated sentences or independently.
TL;DR: A digital computing apparatus for preparing document text includes a sentence significance decision section for calculating a significance value of each sentence of document data according to a relation between each sentence and other sentences of the document data as discussed by the authors.
Abstract: A digital computing apparatus for preparing document text includes a sentence significance decision section for calculating a significance value of each sentence of document data according to a relation between each sentence and other sentences of the document data. The apparatus can also include a topic extraction section for extracting a topic for each sentence of the document data. A format structure extraction section extracts format structure from document data according to predetermined rules. The format structure, corresponding sentence significance values and topics are sent to an output section. The output section displays this information to the user. The sentence retrieval section retrieves sentences including a user inputted reference word from document data. Then the sentence retrieval section selects a sentence which is related to the reference word from retrieved sentences according to the sentence significance value or the topic. The output section displays only the selected sentence to user.
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors focus on the background and rationale for studying family life and discuss the family comedy genre on television, one of the most popular and enduring genres on television.
Abstract: This article is about the family (domestic) comedy, one of the most popular and enduring genre on television. The first section concentrates on the background and rationale for studying family life...
TL;DR: For example, the book was central to Charles Darwin's life as discussed by the authors, and almost always he had a book under way: when one was complete, the next one was begun.
Abstract: On occasion Charles Darwin can seem our scientific contemporary, for the subjects he engaged remain engaging today, but in his role as author he belongs to the past. It is not customary today for scientists to write book after book, as Darwin did, or for these books to serve as the primary vehicle of scientific communication. For Darwin, however, the book was central. He wrote at least eighteen, depending on what one counts; in his Autobiography he entitled the section describing his most important work ‘An account how several books arose’; and in his personal Journal, begun in August 1838 after he had come to a mature sense of himself, he organized entries around his books. A characteristic entry is that for 1846: ‘Oct. 1st. Finished last proof of my Geolog. Observ. on S. America; This volume, including Paper in Geolog. Journal on the Falkland Islands took me 18 & 1/2 months:–’. Further, almost always he had a book under way: when one was complete, the next was begun. He called them the milestones to his life.
TL;DR: A document processing apparatus for inputting, type-setting and displaying the document information includes a type setting section for typesetting a document information in a batch process, by receiving it in a unit of page, and a display section for displaying the type-set by said typesetting section.
Abstract: A document processing apparatus for inputting, type-setting and displaying the document information includes a type-setting section for type-setting a document information in a batch process, by receiving it in a unit of page, and a display section for displaying the document information type-set by said type-setting section, by receiving it in a unit of a page.
TL;DR: A method for sorting, separating and indicating sections of an outputted stack, such as printed continuous paper web, is described in this paper. But this method is not suitable for a large number of pages.
Abstract: A method for sorting, separating and indicating sections of an outputted stack (124), such as printed continuous paper web (150). A continuous web is outputted which includes a plurality of sections having pages (134) therein. Page separation and section separation locations (136) are determined upon the web wherein the size of each page in a section is equal and wherein the size of at least one section separator page disposed adjacent to a section separation location is unequal to the size of the other pages in the section. The web is folded at each of the subsequent page separation locations upon an alternating face to produce a zig-zag pattern. The section separator pages may be folded so that their size is greater than or less than the size of the pages in the section and the section separator pages may be cut so that their size is greater than or less than that of the pages in the section. The area (128) of a section separator page overlapping or indented from the pages in the section may contain information (132) descriptive of the section contents.
TL;DR: This book is about librarians becoming full citizens of their academic institutions and focuses on university governance and the contributions librarian can make to their institutions' collegial governance.
Abstract: This book is about librarians becoming full citizens of their academic institutions. Until recently, most of the professional literature about academic librarians has dealt with day-to-day work issues and is usually quite job-specific, concentrating on the librarian in the library. But this book's twenty contributors emphasize the librarian in the university. The first section centers on university governance and the contributions librarians can make to their institutions' collegial governance. The second section examines the librarian in the classroom. Research, publication, and networking with teaching faculty make up the third section. The fourth section covers the interactions of academic librarians and students outside the library. With a recommended reading list.
TL;DR: For each chapter, the Study Guide, written by Leonie Stone of the State University of New York at Geneseo, provides: A brief summary of major concepts, with numerical examples where appropriate A review section with multiple-choice questions A problems section with short-answer essay questions An applications section with problems and questions related to policies or labor market issues Answers to all questions and problems found in the study guide.
Abstract: For each chapter, the Study Guide, written by Leonie Stone of the State University of New York at Geneseo, provides: A brief summary of major concepts, with numerical examples where appropriate A review section with multiple-choice questions A problems section with short-answer essay questions An applications section with problems and questions related to policies or labor market issues Answers to all questions and problems found in the Study Guide Students can purchase the Study Guide from our online catalog or from MyPearsonStore .
TL;DR: A drawing information presentation apparatus has a memory for storing data representing a plurality of drawings, including text labels, and a concept dictionary memory as mentioned in this paper for storing synonyms and connection relation for terms used in the text labels.
Abstract: A drawing information presentation apparatus has a memory for storing data representing a plurality of drawings, including text labels, and a concept dictionary memory for storing synonyms and connection relation for terms used in the text labels. A correspondence analysis section analyzes correspondence relation of elements of two drawings by referring to data of the concept dictionary memory. Then, a display section displays elements of a first drawing in a manner which demonstrates those elements of the first drawing which correspond to elements of the second drawing, from those elements of the first drawing which do not so correspond, in accordance with the analysis performed by the correspondence analysis section. The apparatus also comprises a drawing description analysis section for extracting drawing titles from document information, and for analyzing the correspondence relationship of the drawing titles between two drawings, by referring to date of the concept dictionary memory. In this case, the correspondence analysis section analyzes the correspondence relationships of elements between two drawings, whose titles are analyzed to correspond to each other by the drawing description analysis section.
TL;DR: In this paper, the accuracy of a bar code reader and a printer was improved by providing a display display section on a part of a display section, converting the contents of a storage section into a signal and driving the display display.
Abstract: PURPOSE:To solve a problem on the accuracy of a bar code reader and a bar code printer by providing a bar code display section on a part of a display section, converting the content of a storage section into a bar code signal and driving the bar code display section. CONSTITUTION:In order to display the content stored in a storage section 5, a signal processing section 3 receiving a signal sent from a switching section 8 sends a signal to read the data of the storage section 5 to the storage section 5. Then the data of the storage section 5 is sent to a bar code signal generation section 4 via the signal processing section 3, converted into a bar code signal, becomes a timewise consecutive signal, converted into a display signal by a display driving section 6 to drive a display section 7. Thus, the problem on the accuracy of a bar code reader and a bar code printer attended with the miniaturization of a portable radio equipment is solved.
TL;DR: The printing marks (register marks) consist for each colour of identical visually readable parts (4, 5) and identical machine-readable parts (7, 8), but with specified different circumferential positions from colour to colour as mentioned in this paper.
Abstract: The printing marks (register marks) consist for each colour of identical visually readable parts (4, 5) and identical machine-readable parts (7, 8), but with specified different circumferential positions from colour to colour. The machine-readable parts consist of a linear section (7) in the form of lines connecting the visual parts (5, 6) and of a curved section in the form of a circle (8).
TL;DR: This book discusses how to understand yourself throughout the Life Span and build positive relationships by knowing and valuing yourself and how to communicate.
Abstract: Section One: Relating: Beginning with the Self Chapter 1: Knowing and Valuing Yourself Chapter 2: Understanding Yourself Throughout the Life Span Chapter 3: Achieving Happiness and Satisfaction Chapter 4: Exploring Values and Making Wise Choices Chapter 5: Experiencing and Expressing Emotion Chapter 6: Improving Your Health Section Two: Communication: The Key to Relationships Chapter 7: Becoming a Positive Listener Chapter 8: Improving Communication: What to Say Chapter 9: Improving Communication: How to Send Messages Section Three: Positive Relationships: The Ultimate Achievement Chapter 10: Building Positive Relationships Chapter 11: Strengthening Family Relationships
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors propose to use the waiting time of customers to improve a propaganda effect by estimating the waiting times and displaying a propaganda picture in accordance with the estimated waiting time.
Abstract: PURPOSE: To effectively utilize the waiting time of customers so as to improve a propaganda effect by estimating the waiting time and displaying a propaganda picture in accordance with the estimated waiting time. CONSTITUTION: When a transaction control section 12 recognizes that fixed waiting time of customers is produced during the course of a money accepting or delivering process, the section 12 informs a waiting time calculating section 18 of the recognized result. The section 18 counts and estimates the waiting time on the basis of the information received from the control section 12. A propaganda picture selecting section 15 selects a propaganda picture which can be displayed within the waiting time from a propaganda picture storing section 14 based on the calculated result of the calculating section. When the calculated waiting time is long, a more effective propaganda picture is selected including a moving image, etc. A display control 13 displays the selected propaganda picture on a transaction picture displaying section 11. In addition, a propaganda voice storing section 16 outputs the voices corresponding to the propaganda picture to a voice synthesizing section 17 and the section 17 drives a loudspeaker 19. COPYRIGHT: (C)1992,JPO&Japio
TL;DR: In this paper, a part of speech selection system capable of reducing a memory capacity on the part-of-speech selection system automatically selecting the kind of a part speech of each word in a sentence (text).
Abstract: PURPOSE:To provide the part of speech selection system capable of reducing a memory capacity on the part of speech selection system automatically selecting the kind of a part of speech of each word in a sentence (text). CONSTITUTION:The system consists of a vocabulary possibility retrieval section 1 receiving an input text and retrieving the vocabulary possibility for each word, vocabulary possibility dictionary 2 being the retrieval object of the section 1, context possibility detection section 10 detecting the possibility of the context arranged with plural parts of speech based on the vocabulary possibility retrieved from the section 1, context possibility calculation section 20 using a neural network inputting the input pattern given from the section 10 and calculating the context possibility according to the kind of a part of speech of the next word, and an evaluation value calculation section 6 receiving the output from the context possibility detection section 10 and calculating the evaluation value according to a prescribed procedure based on the possibility of the context arranged with plural parts of speech and the vocabulary possibility of words of head or end arranged with a part of speech.
TL;DR: In this article, a video telephone set with a main body section, other transmission reception sections coupled with a transmission reception section in a radio wave, a camera for picture pickup, a speaker for audio reproduction, a picture display section, an operation section and a portable section having a memory for picture data storage.
Abstract: PURPOSE:To adopt a radio system and to expand the application range by constituting a video telephone set with a main body section, other transmission reception section coupled with a transmission reception section in a radio wave, a camera for picture pickup, a speaker for audio reproduction, a picture display section, an operation section and a portable section having a memory for picture data storage. CONSTITUTION:When a network control unit 201 is switched to the position of a main body section 2 with the operation of an operation section 206, a speaker 305 rings in the presence of a call from an opposite party. When an operation section 310 hooks off its handset, the unit 201 makes the reception with a signal via the opposite path and the line is connected. Then the speaker 305 and a microphone 307 are in use by the portable section 3 only to attain the talking with the opposite side. When the opposite party sends a video transmission signal, the received picture data is written in a memory 203. Then the picture is transferred to a memory 302 of the portable section 3, sent from a demultiplex synthesis section 303 to a liquid crustal display device 306, where the signal is reproduced.
TL;DR: In this article, the authors proposed to use the terminal equipment as a network tool convenient for transportation by providing a communication function section, a telephone function section and an electronic notebook function section.
Abstract: PURPOSE:To use the terminal equipment as a network tool convenient for transportation by providing a communication function section, a telephone function section and an electronic notebook function section to the terminal equipment altogether. CONSTITUTION:The terminal equipment is provided with a communication function section 12 able to make transmission reception of a radio wave, a telephone function section 13 sending/receiving a voice signal, and an electronic notebook function section 14 having various data processing functions. That is, the terminal equipment is provided with the communication function section 12 able to make transmission reception of a radio wave and making communication via a line network and the telephone function section 13 connecting to the communication function section 12 and having a button section 13b, a microphone section 13c, and a speaker section 13d and having the telephone function section 13 acting like a portable telephone set and also provided with the electronic notebook function section 14 connecting to the communication function section 12 and having a key entry section 14e, a display section 14c, a storage section 14h and a data control section 14f. Thus, the transmission and reception of a voice or a data is attained by radio communication by providing the communication function section 12, the telephone function section 13 and the electronic notebook function section 14, and the function of the electronic notebook is utilized simultaneously and the terminal equipment is used as a network tool.
TL;DR: In this article, the authors present the results of a study of visual impairment services in various parts of the country and their impact on the children for whom they are designed, and provide a compendium of reference material on which they may draw to inform committee members in their decision making.
Abstract: The desirability of integrating visually impaired children into the mainstream is now widely accepted. However, the quality of education which such children receive depends, to a certain extent, on where they happen to live. This book is the outcome of a study, commissioned by the RNIB, of visual impairment services in various parts of the country and their impact on the children for whom they are designed. Written to inform and assist those who are concerned in educating visually impaired children, and who are currently reviewing or developing services, it contains a compendium of reference material on which they may draw to inform committee members in their decision making. Section I analyzes the nature of provision which is currently made for visually impaired pupils in eight LEAs. Section II provides individual studies of 14 children with different types of visual impairment. Section III draws together the facts collected relating to various aspects of service provision and offers a commentary on their strengths and weaknesses. Section IV sets out guidelines for those who are providing for the needs of visually impaired children and covers a wide range to cater for the diverse circumstances in which the provision is made.
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors discuss basic terminology and concepts of communication disorders and assess and remediate clients with communication disorders with a focus on the assessment and remediation of clients' communication disorders.
Abstract: Discussion of basic terminology and concepts. Section I - Normal Development. Section II - Assessment and remediation of clients with communication disorders. Appendix - Suggested answers to the exercises.
TL;DR: In this paper, a technique for teaching students to recognize and prepare references for four types of works commonly used in research reports is presented, which helps students learn to prepare accurate reference lists and appears to sensitize them to other aspects of APA style.
Abstract: This article outlines and evaluates a technique for teaching students to recognize and prepare references for four types of works commonly used in research reports. Subsequent performance on the reference section of their research reports earns either an A or F grade (after Crown-Hillix, 1988). This technique helps students learn to prepare accurate reference lists and appears to sensitize them to other aspects of APA style.
TL;DR: In this article, the authors discuss several problems in the final section of the Oedipus Tyrannus (vv. 1424-1530), including the myth of Oediphus’ daughters, the links between OT and OC, and the former play's influence on Seneca's Oedippus: the arguments against the genuineness of these lines do not suffice to establish the case.
Abstract: Discussion of many problems in the final section of the Oedipus Tyrannus (vv. 1424-1530), including the myth of Oedipus’ daughters, the links between OT and OC , and the former play’s influence on Seneca’s Oedipus: on the whole, the arguments against the genuineness of these lines do not suffice to establish the case.
TL;DR: Oscillations Of Integrodifferential Equations - Necessary and sufficient condition for positive solutions.
Abstract: Abstract The main result in this section is the following necessary and sufficient condition for the existence of a solution of eqn (9.3.1) which is positive for t>0.