TL;DR: The results obtained suggested that among the four genera studied Casearia is the most promising in respect of finding significant antioxidant, cytotoxic and also antimicrobial activity.
TL;DR: A synoptic revision of the Malagasy species of Scolopia is presented and one species, S. delphinensis Appleq.
Abstract: A synoptic revision of the Malagasy species of Scolopia is presented. Fourteen species are recognized, of which all are endemic and ten are threatened. One species, S. delphinensis Appleq. & G.E.Schatz, sp. nov., is newly described and illustrated. An identification key to the Malagasy species of Scolopia is provided.
TL;DR: Evaluated endemic plants from the Mascarene Islands based on their endemism, their medicinal use and their registration in the French Pharmacopeia are selected to evaluate the antiplasmodial, anti-chikungunya and antioxidant activities.
TL;DR: With its unique South African distribution and seemingly plesiomorphic morphology, this gall wasp is important for the future untangling of the early evolution of the microcynipoids.
Abstract: Larvae and adult females of a single species inducing galls on Scolopia mundii (Salicaceae) are described as Qwaqwaia scolopiae Liljeblad, Nieves-Aldrey & Melika sp. n. The genus Qwaqwaia Liljeblad, Nieves-Aldrey & Melika gen. n. is also described as new and placed in a tribe, Qwaqwaiini Liljeblad, Nieves-Aldrey & Melika trib. n., herein erected to encompass this sole species. Diagnostic characters and a key to all eight cynipid tribes are given. With its unique South African distribution and seemingly plesiomorphic morphology, this gall wasp is important for the future untangling of the early evolution of the microcynipoids.
TL;DR: The Tribe Leeuweniini is a group of Old World Phlaeothripinae species that feed and usually induce irregular galls on the leaves of rainforest trees that have the last abdominal segment unusually elongate, but this is a variable and homoplastic character state and the tribe remains ill-defined.
Abstract: The Tribe Leeuweniini is a group of Old World Phlaeothripinae species that feed and usually induce irregular galls on the leaves of rainforest trees. These thrips all have the last abdominal segment unusually elongate, but this is a variable and homoplastic character state, and the tribe remains ill-defined. Worldwide, 27 species in three genera are now recognised, with five other generic names here included as synonyms of Leeuwenia Karny. From Australia, six species in two genera are recorded here occurring in the eastern rainforests. Four newly described Australian species and their host plants are: Leeuwenia diospyri sp. n. (Diospyros pentamera–Ebenaceae); L. polyosmae sp. n. (Polyosma cunninghamii–Grossulariaceae); L. scolopiae sp. n. (Scolopia braunii–Flacourtiaceae); and L. tetrastigmae sp. n. (Tetrastigma nitens–Vitaceae). The host association of L. convergens Hood is not known, but the sixth species, Neohoodiella jennibeardae Mound and Williams, breeds on two unrelated plants of which the leaves are similar in texture –Ficus coronata (Moraceae) and Rhipogonum elseyanum (Smilacaceae).