TL;DR: An account of native and introduced Epipremnum species in West and Central Malesia is presented as a precursor to the forthcoming Flora Malesiana Araceae treatment, and Epip Remnum grandifolium is returned to Scindapsus, the genus in which it was originally described.
Abstract: An account of native and introduced Epipremnum species in West and Central Malesia is presented as a precursor to the forthcoming Flora Malesiana Araceae treatment. Seven species and one cultivar, none new, are recognized. Epipremnum grandifolium is returned to Scindapsus, the genus in which it was originally described and Scindapsus dilaceratus (synonyms Monstera dilacerata, Tornelia dilacerata) ), a long-overlooked synonym of E. pinnatum, is discussed. Related genera and identification pit-falls are highlighted. Dichotomous keys to the genera of tribes Anadendreae and Monstereae and to West and Central Malesian Epipremnum species, a multiaccess key to Epipremnum species in West and Central Malesia and a geographical species-finder list are provided. All names in the review area are accounted for. Five species are illustrated.
TL;DR: Five new chromone glycosides were isolated from Scindapsus officinalis (Roxb.) Schott along with six known chromone derivatives, 7-O-α-l-rhamnosyl-nereugenin, which demonstrated potential anti-inflammatory activity in a LPS-stimulated RAW 264.7 model using inhibition of nitric oxide (NO) production as an indicator.
TL;DR: In this paper, coarse powder of Scindapsus officinalis (Roxb.) Schott was extracted successively using hexane, chloroform, ethyl acetate and 50% ethanol.
Abstract: In the present study, coarse powder of Scindapsus officinalis (Roxb.) Schott. fruit was extracted successively using hexane, chloroform, ethyl acetate and 50% ethanol. The ethyl acetate and 50% ethanolic extracts were investigated for its antioxidant activity by using nitric oxide and DPPH radical scavenging methods. The IC value was also calculated. Ascorbic acid was used as standard. Both the 50% ethanolic and 50 ethyl acetate extract were found to exert concentration dependent free radical scavenging activity but former extract was more effective than the later on. The highest free radical scavenging activity by Scindapsus officinalis fruit extracts was observed at concentration of 1000 µg/ml.
TL;DR: An alpha-taxonomic account of Rhaphidophora in Peninsular Malaysia and Singapore is presented as a precursor to the forthcoming Flora Malesiana Araceae treatment.
Abstract: An alpha-taxonomic account of Rhaphidophora in Peninsular Malaysia and Singapore is presented as a precursor to the forthcoming Flora Malesiana Araceae treatment. Fifteen species, two newly described, R. corneri, and R. nicolsonii, are recognized. An extensive new synonymy is proposed: R. pteropoda (syn. Scindapsus pteropodus) is synonymized with R. angustata; R. celatocaulis (syn. Pothos celatocaulis), R. copelandii, R. korthalsii var. angustiloba, R. latifolia, R. maxima, R. palawanensis Furtado non Merr., R. ridleyi (syn. R. grandis Ridl. non Schott), R. tenuis, and R. trinervia with R. korthalsii; R. fluminea with R. beccarii; R. apiculata Alderw. non K. Krause with R. maingayi; R. celebica with R. minor; R. burkilliana with R. montana; R. batoensis, R. gracilipes, R. hallieri, R. kunstleri, R. megasperma, R. pilosula, and R, scortechinii with R. puberula; R. gratissima (syn. R. sylvestris var, obtusata), R. lingulata (syn. Monstera lingulata, Scindapsus lingulatus), R. motleyana, R. wrayi, and Scindapsus aruensis with R. sylvestris. Dichotomous keys to genera and species are provided. All species except R. falcata are illustrated.
TL;DR: An alpha-taxonomic account of Bornean Rhaphidophora is presented as a precursor to the forthcoming Flora Malesiana Araceae treatment, and thirteen species are recognized, none novel.
Abstract: An alpha-taxonomic account of Bornean Rhaphidophora is presented as a precursor to the forthcoming Flora Malesiana Araceae treatment. Thirteen species are recognized, none novel. Rhaphidophora elliptica Ridl. 1905 (non 1908 = R. elliptifolia Merr.) and R. megasperma Engl., treated respectively as synonyms of R. montana (Blume) Schott and R. puberula Engl. by Boyce (1999), are resurrected as Bornean endemics. New synonyms are: Scindapsus havilandii Ridl., Rhaphidophora jaculiformis Alderw., R. subfalcata M. Hotta into R. megasperma, and R. nigrescens Ridl. into R. sylvestris (Blume) Engl. A dichotomous key to species is provided. All species are illustrated.