TL;DR: A multiresolution curve representation that conveniently supports a variety of operations: smoothing a curve; editing the overall form of a curve while preserving its details; and approximating a curve within any given error tolerance for scan conversion is described.
Abstract: We describe a multiresolution curve representation, based on wavelets, that conveniently supports a variety of operations: smoothing a curve; editing the overall form of a curve while preserving its details; and approximating a curve within any given error tolerance for scan conversion. We present methods to support continuous levels of smoothing as well as direct manipulation of an arbitrary portion of the curve; the control points, as well as the discrete nature of the underlying hierarchical representation, can be hidden from the user. The multiresolution representation requires no extra storage beyond that of the original control points, and the algorithms using the representation are both simple and fast.
TL;DR: In this article, a real-time 3D display for medical imaging is presented, which includes a plurality of individual processing elements each having an image memory for storing a mini-image of a portion of the object as viewed from any given direction and a merge control means for generating a combined image of the objects including the depth thereof by selection on a pixel-by-pixel basis from each of the mini-images.
Abstract: A real-time three-dimensional display device particularly suited for medical imaging is disclosed. The device includes a plurality of individual processing elements each having an image memory for storing a mini-image of a portion of the object as viewed from any given direction and a merge control means for generating a combined image of the object including the depth thereof by selection on a pixel-by-pixel basis from each of the mini-images. In two different embodiments, priority codes are assigned to each of the processing elements reflecting the relative significance of a given pixel of the mini-image produced by a given processing element as compared to the pixels of mini-images produced by other processing elements. In one embodiment, the combined image is generated in accordance with the priority codes. In another embodiment, a Z buffer is used to provide for hidden surface removal on a pixel-by-pixel basis. Improved shadow, shading and gradient processors are provided to provide three-dimensional imaging as well as an improved scan conversion means for generating a coherent image from the combined images merged from all of the processing elements.
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors describe a scan head enclosure that houses an array of ultrasonic transducers and the circuitry associated therewith, including pulse synchronizer circuitry used in the transmit mode for transmission of ultrasonic pulses and beam forming circuitry used to dynamically focus reflected ultrasonic signals returning from the region of interest being imaged.
Abstract: An ultrasound imaging system includes a scan conversion process for converting ultrasound data into a standard display format conversion and can be performed on a personal computer by programming the computer to convert data from polar coordinates to cartesian coordinates suitable for display on a computer monitor. The data is provided from scan head enclosure that houses an array of ultrasonic transducers and the circuitry associated therewith, including pulse synchronizer circuitry used in the transmit mode for transmission of ultrasonic pulses and beam forming circuitry used in the receive mode to dynamically focus reflected ultrasonic signals returning from the region of interest being imaged.
TL;DR: In this article, a PC-based ultrasound system (100) utilizes a standard PC central processing unit (1112), a memory storage (1118) and retrieval components, a scan conversion board (1116) and a video processing board(1114), all electrically linked to the bus (1102) in the computer.
Abstract: The PC based ultrasound system (100) utilizes a standard PC central processing unit (1112), a memory storage (1118) and retrieval components, a scan conversion board (1116) and a video processing board (1114), all electrically linked to the bus (1102) in the computer. The analog drive and return scan video signals are sent to and received from a video processing and motor control unit (1120) which are coupled to an ultrasound scan lead (1122). The virtual control user interface for the ultrasound system includes a software driven display obtained from memory. The software driven display reveals images representative of hardware control configurations for many different ultrasound processors. The virtual control user interface is used in conjunction with a touch sensitive user input screen and the virtual control user interface includes a touch screen input command converter for converting the tactile input into software commands. Other features include the ability to recall previously scanned ultrasound images, and display a checklist for medical protocol.
TL;DR: In this article, the authors present an ultrasound imaging system and a method for Doppler processing of data, which includes a processing module; and memory operable coupled to the processing module, wherein the memory stores operational instructions that cause the processor to map serial data to vector representation, calculate an auto-correlation function of the data, calculate a phase shift of the auto-relation function, and display the resultant images, for example, as color images.
Abstract: The present invention is directed to an ultrasound imaging system and method for Doppler processing of data. The ultrasonic imaging system efficiently addresses the data computational and processing needs of Doppler processing. Software executable sequences in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention determines the phase shift and the auto-correlation phase of filtered image data. In a preferred embodiment, the system of ultrasonic imaging also includes a sequence of instructions for Doppler processing that provides the functions for demodulation, Gauss Match filtering, auto-correlation calculation, phase shift calculation, frame averaging, and scan conversion implemented with Single Instruction Multiple Data (SIMD) or Multiple Instruction Multiple Data (MIMD) instructions. In a preferred embodiment, the ultrasound imaging system of the present invention includes a processing module; and memory operable coupled to the processing module, wherein the memory stores operational instructions that cause the processing module to map serial data to vector representation, calculate an auto-correlation function of the data, calculate a phase shift of the auto-correlation function to generate a monotonic function covering all values of the phase shift corresponding to a range of Doppler velocities and display the resultant images, for example, as color images.