TL;DR: Saito et al. as discussed by the authors described a new subspecies of T. sekii sisyphus ssp. nov., and the latter species comprises the first record of the genus Drupadia in China.
Abstract: Background The family Lycaenidae is the second-largest group of butterflies which contains about one third of the known species of Papilionoidea. The genera Tajuria Moore, [1881] and Drupadia Moore, 1884 are both mainly found in the Oriental and Australian realms. In a very recent expedition to south-west China in Xishuangbanna (Yunnan Province), specimens of T. sekii Saito, 2005 and D. scaeva (Hewitson, 1869) were collected for the first time, a new subspecies of the former: T. sekii sisyphus ssp. nov., is described and illustrated and the latter species comprises the first record of the genus Drupadia in China. New information A new subspecies of T. sekii Saito, 2005, T. sekii sisyphus ssp. nov., is described and illustrated. The species T. sekii Saito, 2005 and D. scaeva (Hewitson, 1869) are first recorded in China and the latter comprises the first record of the genus Drupadia in China. Relevant details are presented for the species.
TL;DR: This paper aims to demonstrate the efforts towards in-situ applicability of EMMARM, which aims to provide real-time information about fish kills in the Baltic Sea and its consequences.
Abstract: Financial support was provided by the Spanish Ministry of Environment (040/2002) (C. P-B., M-G.), University of Alicante, Spain (GRE04-25) (C. P-B., S.R) and from Finnish Ministry of Environment (G.S.).
TL;DR: The genus Paragus (single representative of the tribe Paragini) was resolved as sister group of the monophyletic Scaeva-Eupeodes lineage and the genus Pseudodoros was resolved, corroborating the generic rank of Ischiodon, Simosyrphus, Dioprosopa, and PseUDodoros.
Abstract: Contributing authors: Gunilla St ahls (gunilla. stahls@helsinki.fi); Pavel L aska (Deceased@Deceased.cz); Libor Maz anek (syrphidae@centrum.cz); Santos Rojo (santos. rojo@ua.es) Abstract Phylogenetic relationships among the genera and subgenera of the Scaeva-Eupeodes clade (Diptera: Syrphidae: Syrphinae) were analyzed based on molecular characters. Sequence data from three gene regions were analyzed using maximum likelihood and Bayesian inference: the mitochondrial protein-coding gene cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (COI) and the nuclear 28S and 18S ribosomal RNA genes. The genus Paragus (single representative of the tribe Paragini) was resolved as sister group of the monophyletic Scaeva-Eupeodes lineage. Inside this clade, a Neotropical radiation of genera was well supported comprising Notosyrphus, Austroscaeva gen. nov., and Dioprosopa. For the first time, the placement of Doros, Pseudodoros, and Betasyrphus was inferred using molecular data. Our results resolved the genus Pseudodoros as sister group of Ischiodon, corroborating the generic rank of Ischiodon, Simosyrphus, Dioprosopa, and Pseudodoros. The current subgeneric division of Eupeodes with three subgenera is not supported by our data. Present results and the study of adult morphological characters prompted us to erect a new genus, Austroscaeva gen. nov., which includes four Neotropical species, that is, Austroscaeva melanostoma (Macquart, 1842) comb. nov., Austroscaeva occidentalis (Shannon, 1927) comb. nov., Austroscaeva patagoniensis (Kassebeer, 1999) comb. nov., and Austroscaeva penai (Marnef in Du sek & L aska, 1985) comb. nov. We described and characterized Austroscaeva gen. nov., and provided the description of the male of Scaeva patagoniensis (=Austroscaeva patagoniensis) and Scaeva penai (=Austroscaeva penai), as well as an illustrated identification key for the Austroscaeva species. Moreover, we explained and stated that the correct name for Syrphus lunatus Wiedemann, 1830 is Scaeva opimia (Walker, 1852). Resumen Filogenia molecular del linaje de s ırfidos depredadores Eupeodes-Scaeva (Diptera: Syrphidae), con la descripci on del g enero Neotropical Austroscaeva gen. nov. Las relaciones filogen eticas entre los g eneros y subg eneros del clado Scaeva-Eupeodes (Diptera: Syrphidae: Syrphinae) se analizaron en base a caracteres moleculares. Para los an alisis basados en m axima verosimilitud e inferencia bayesiana, se usaron las secuencias de tres regiones g enicas: el gen mitocondrial codificador de la prote ına citocromo c oxidasa subunidad I (COI) y los genes nucleares 28S y 18S de ARN ribos omico. El g enero Paragus (representante unico de la tribu Paragini) se resolvi o
TL;DR: The flower fly genus Citrogramma is revised here, with seventeen new species described; four lectotypes and one neotype are designated; two species are transferred from Xanthogramma to Citrogramm; and one species is synonymized under CitrogramMA clarum.