TL;DR: In this paper, a study was conducted in Menz-Guassa Community Conservation Area (MGCCA) from November 2016 to March 2017, to assess the diversity, distribution and habitat association of birds.
Abstract: A study was conducted in Menz-Guassa Community Conservation Area (MGCCA) from November 2016 to March 2017, to assess the diversity, distribution and habitat association of birds. Three habitat types including forest, grassland, and moorland habitats were identified based on their vegetation composition. Point count method in Eucalyptus and Juniperus forest, and line transect technique in grassland and moorland habitats were used to study avian diversity. Data were collected in the early morning (6:30 to 9:30 a.m.) and late afternoon (4:30 to 7:00 p.m.) when the activities of birds were prominent. Species diversity and evenness was given in terms of Shannon-Weaver diversity Index. A total of 86 avian species belonging to 14 orders and 35 families were identified. The identified areas are rich with seven (8.14%) endemic bird species namely; abyssinian catbird (Parophasma galinieri), abyssinian longclaw (Macronyx flavicollis), ankober serin (Crithagra ankoberensis), black-headed siskin (Serinus nigriceps), blue-winged goose (Cyanochen cyanoptera), moorland francolin (Scleroptlia psilolaema), spot-breasted plover (Vanellus melanocephalus), and five (5.81%) near-endemic bird species including rouget's rail (Rougetius rougetii), wattled ibis (Bostrychia carunculata), white-collared pigeon (Columba albitorques), thick-billed raven (Corvus crassirostris), and white-winged cliff chat (Myrmecocichla semirufa). Avian diversity was high in moorland (H’=4.57) and low in grassland (H’=3.42) habitats. The highest even distribution of birds was recorded in the forest habitats and the lowest in grassland habitats with E=0.75 and E= 0.59 values respectively. Families Accipitridae, Apodidae, Columbidae, Corvidae, Fringillidae, Motacillidae, Muscicapidae and Turdidae were commonly distributed in all habitats, however the highest number of avian family was encountered in Moorland (15 families) and lowest (9 families) in Forest habitats. The area supported variety of avian species with high endemics and habitat specifics. Conservation of the area is vital for habitat restricted and endemic birds. Further ecological investigation is suggested in the seasonal abundance of birds, and population dynamics of wildlife for biodiversity conservation and ecotourism.
Key words: Afro-alpine, community conservation area, diversity, habitat association, Guassa.
TL;DR: In this article, the ornithological role of lake Hashengie and 10 selected reservoirs have been studied from January to February, 2012 in Tigray, Ethiopia, where birds were surveyed using total and block count methods from suitable vantage points.
Abstract: The ornithological role of lake Hashengie and 10 selected reservoirs have been studied from January to February, 2012 in Tigray, Ethiopia. Birds were surveyed using total and Block count methods from suitable vantage points. Bird species diversity, dominance, and vegetation cover were estimated. A total of 22,845 birds of 67 species belonging to 19 families were recorded. Maximum numbers of species were recorded in Lake Hashengie (65) followed by Hzaeti Wedi Cheber (38) and minimum was recorded in Mai Della reservoir (15). Significant difference in bird species were recorded between the two sites which have maximum number of bird species (Mann-Whitney Test: W = 778.5, P = 0.00). The migratory status of bird species showed that 47 (70 %) were migrants and the rest 20 (29%) were residents. Vulnerable species, Ferruginous duck, Aythya nyroca, in Lake Hashengie and globally near threatened species, Rouget’s rail Rougetius rougetii in Teghane and Ruba Feleg reservoirs were recorded. The highest vegetation cover (65%) was estimated in Tsnkanet. We conclude that the reservoirs and the natural lake intended for irrigation harbor a number of bird species and are an important foraging, breeding, roosting and nesting grounds for the birds.
Key words: Migratory, reservoirs, residential, Hashengie, threatened, vulnerable, Tigray, Ethiopia.