TL;DR: The preliminary study of RLab usability proved that such system is adequate to give the learners a distance practical work environment, and a remote access laboratory can be eliminating time and flexibility restrictions.
Abstract: A laboratory is an essential equipment for engineering students to do a useful practical work. Therefore, universities should provide an adequate facility for practical work. On the other hand, industrial automation laboratory would offer students beneficial experience by using various educational PLC kits. This paper describes the development of Web-based Programmable Logic Controller (PLC) remote laboratory called RLab. It provides an environment for learners to study PLC application to control the level of the non-interacting tank. The RLab architecture is based on a Moodle and Remote Desktop, which also manages the booking system of the schedule of practical work in the laboratory. The RLab equipped by USB cameras providing a real-time view of PLC environment. To provide a secured system, the RLab combines Moodle and Remote Desktop application for the authentication system and management of remote users. Moodle will send PartnerID and password to connect to TeamViewer. It has been examined that the laboratory requirement, time and flexibility restrictions constitute a significant obstacle facing traditional students desiring to finish the course. A remote access laboratory can be eliminating time and flexibility restrictions. The preliminary study of RLab usability proved that such system is adequate to give the learners a distance practical work environment.
TL;DR: The RLab environment is described and the recent enhancements of the system are discussed, which can be used to exploit the built-in capabilities of LabVIEW and facilitate the introduction of new electromechanical plants.
Abstract: The premise for the development of a remote laboratory, or RLab, is to allow a user from any location to access and perform a variety of experiments on electromechanical systems. Included in the RLab educational approach is a web-based virtual environment using LabVIEW that can be used to conduct testing of control methods applied to electromechanical machines, or physical plants. This remote laboratory, RLab, exposes a set of physical plants to worldwide use, with the only requirement at the client side being a computer and an internet browser. This laboratory environment gives remote users the possibility to control a real world physical plant, observe its behavior, and download measured data of the machine system for further analysis. The first version of RLab is used to control three electromechanical systems. The system consists of seven servers: a login server, three experiment servers, a client server, a webcam server, and a status monitor server. The system is upgraded to later releases of LabVIEW in order to exploit the built-in capabilities of LabVIEW and facilitate the introduction of new electromechanical plants. This paper describes the RLab environment and discusses the recent enhancements of the system.
TL;DR: In this article, the authors describe the conceptual design of the RLAB and the selection of a method of identifying unknowns, the tradeoff between complexity and functionality, the division of labor between the LAB and its human operator, the interaction between the ROV and RLAB, and the possible use of historical spill data to speed the identification of unknowns.
Abstract: Highway spills of hazardous substances expose emergency response personnel and the public at large to the risk of explosion , fire, and contamination . When the spill is of an unknown substance , response personnel must first determine its identity. Problems of human exposure make automated or remotely controlled sampling and analysis a logical approach for this operation. The State of California' s Department of Transportation (Caltrans) has sponsored a pair of projects that demonstrate this approach a remotely operated vehicle (ROV) to sample an unknown substance and a remotely operated laboratory (RLAB) to identify the substance . This paper describes the conceptual design of the RLAB. Key issues include the selection of a method of identifying unknowns , the tradeoff between complexity and functionality, the division of labor between the RLAB and its human operator, the interaction between the ROV and the RLAB, and the possible use of historical spill data to speed the identification of unknowns.
TL;DR: In this article, the authors exploit multiple changes in the area-specific eligibility criteria for a major program to support manufacturing jobs ("Regional Selective Assistance") and use these rule changes to construct instrumental variables for program participation.
Abstract: Business support policies designed to raise productivity and employment are common worldwide, but rigorous micro-econometric evaluation of their causal effects is rare. We exploit multiple changes in the area-specific eligibility criteria for a major program to support manufacturing jobs ("Regional Selective Assistance"). Area eligibility is governed by pan-European state aid rules which change every seven years and we use these rule changes to construct instrumental variables for program participation. We match two decades of UK panel data on the population of firms to all program participants. IV estimates find positive program treatment effect on employment, investment and net entry but not on TFP. OLS underestimates program effects because the policy targets underperforming plants and areas. The treatment effect is confined to smaller firms with no effect for larger firms (e.g. over 150 employees). We also find the policy raises area level manufacturing employment mainly through significantly reducing unemployment. The positive program effect is not due to substitution between plants in the same area or between eligible and ineligible areas nearby. We estimate that "cost per job" of the program was only $6,300 suggesting that in some respects investment subsidies can be cost effective.
TL;DR: The Draft Revenue Laws Amendment Bill, 2008, ("Draft RLAB -08") introduces amendments to various acts as mentioned in this paper and highlights some of the proposed amendments affecting individuals and their employers.
Abstract: The Draft Revenue Laws Amendment Bill, 2008, ("Draft RLAB - 08") introduces amendments to various acts. In this article I highlight some of the proposed amendments affecting individuals and their employers.
At the outset I must mention that the entire Draft RLAB - 08 consist of more than 100 pages. It will be understood that this article only scratches the surface of some of the proposed amendments. It is in the interest of both employers and employees to review their payroll and remuneration practices on a regular basis to ensure that these changes have been dealt with properly and that the benefits are passed onto the employees.
I this article I cover some of the changes effecting employees and employers as well changes surrounding certain retirement issues.