Topic
Renalase
About: Renalase is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 288 publications have been published within this topic receiving 5039 citations. The topic is also known as: alpha-NAD(P)H oxidase/anomerase & MAO-C.
Papers published on a yearly basis
Papers
TL;DR: Renalase is identified as a novel flavin adenine dinucleotide-dependent amine oxidase that is secreted by the kidney, circulates in blood, and modulates cardiac function and systemic blood pressure.
Abstract: The kidney not only regulates fluid and electrolyte balance but also functions as an endocrine organ. For instance, it is the major source of circulating erythropoietin and renin. Despite currently available therapies, there is a marked increase in cardiovascular morbidity and mortality among patients suffering from end-stage renal disease. We hypothesized that the current understanding of the endocrine function of the kidney was incomplete and that the organ might secrete additional proteins with important biological roles. Here we report the identification of a novel flavin adenine dinucleotide–dependent amine oxidase (renalase) that is secreted into the blood by the kidney and metabolizes catecholamines in vitro (renalase metabolizes dopamine most efficiently, followed by epinephrine, and then norepinephrine). In humans, renalase gene expression is highest in the kidney but is also detectable in the heart, skeletal muscle, and the small intestine. The plasma concentration of renalase is markedly reduced in patients with end-stage renal disease, as compared with healthy subjects. Renalase infusion in rats caused a decrease in cardiac contractility, heart rate, and blood pressure and prevented a compensatory increase in peripheral vascular tone. These results identify renalase as what we believe to be a novel amine oxidase that is secreted by the kidney, circulates in blood, and modulates cardiac function and systemic blood pressure.
442 citations
TL;DR: It is shown that circulating renalase lacks significant amine oxidase activity under basal conditions (prorenalase) but that a brief surge of epinephrine lasting <2 minutes causes renalase activity to increase from 48±18 to 2246±98 arbitrary units (n=3; P<0.002).
Abstract: Background— We previously identified renalase, a secreted novel amine oxidase that specifically degrades circulating catecholamines. Parenteral administration of either native or recombinant renalase lowers blood pressure, heart rate, and cardiac contractility by metabolizing circulating catecholamines. Renalase plasma levels are markedly reduced in patients with chronic kidney disease. It is not known whether endogenous renalase contributes to the regulation of catecholamines. Methods and Results— We show here that circulating renalase lacks significant amine oxidase activity under basal conditions (prorenalase) but that a brief surge of epinephrine lasting <2 minutes causes renalase activity to increase from 48±18 to 2246±98 arbitrary units (n=3; P<0.002). Enzyme activation is detectable within 30 seconds and sustained for at least 60 minutes. Analysis of epinephrine-mediated hemodynamic changes in normotensive rats indicates that prorenalase becomes maximally activated when systolic pressure increases ...
190 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the authors showed that renalase deficiency in a mouse knockout model causes increased plasma catecholamine levels and hypertension, and that recombinant renalase completely rescued the cardiac phenotype.
147 citations
TL;DR: Recent advances have led to more detailed knowledge of Renalase biology, structure, enzymatic activity, mechanisms of action, associations with human disease states and potential therapeutic value, with a focus on hypertension and kidney disease.
Abstract: Renalase, a recently discovered flavoprotein, which is strongly expressed in the kidney and heart, effectively metabolizes catecholamines. It was discovered during the search to identify proteins secreted by the kidney that could help explain the high incidence of cardiovascular disease in patients with chronic kidney disease. Recent advances have led to more detailed knowledge of its biology, structure, enzymatic activity, mechanisms of action, associations with human disease states and potential therapeutic value. In this study, we review these advances with a focus on hypertension and kidney disease.
106 citations
TL;DR: Renalase expression is influenced by renal blood flow and impaired synthesis of renalase by the kidney may represent a potential mechanism underlying circulating norepinephrine accumulation in heart failure.
Abstract: Background
Sympathetic overactivity and catecholamine accumulation are important characteristic findings in heart failure, which contribute to its pathophysiology. Here, we identify a potential mechanism underlying norepinephrine accumulation in a rat model of heart failure.
93 citations
Related Topics (5)
Performance Metrics
| Year | Papers |
|---|---|
| 2021 | 23 |
| 2020 | 23 |
| 2019 | 16 |
| 2018 | 31 |
| 2017 | 24 |
| 2016 | 27 |