Rasbora

Abstract: BRITTAN, M. L. 1954. A revision of the Indo-Malayan fresh-water fish genus Rasbora. Institute of Science and Technology, Manila, The Philippines. . 1976. Rasbora axelrodi, a new cyprinid from Indonesia. Trop. Fish Hobby. 25(4):92-98. DE BEAUFORT, L. F. 1951. Zoogeography of the land and inland waters. Sidgwick and Jackson Ltd., London, Great Britain. HORA, S. L., AND D. D. MUKERJI. 1934. Notes on the fishes in the Indian Museum. XXIII. On a collection of fish from the S. Shan States, Burma. Rec. Ind. Mus. 36:353-370.

Abstract: Two hundred and fifteen species in 127 genera and 47 families of inland water fishes are reported from Kampuchea. For each species the following data are given: scientific name, vernacular name in Khmer, references used, distribution and comments if any. 81 species in 42 genera belong to the family Cyprinidae, for which a key is provided, and 41 species in 23 genera and 8 families belong to the order Siluriformes. Taxonomic modifications: Parachela maculicauda (Smith, 1934) and P. siamensis (Gunther, 1868) are distinct of P. oxygastroides (Bleeker, 1852); Rasbora palustris Smith, 1945 and R. kobonensis Chaudhuri, 1913 are tentatively considered as synonyms of Parluciosoma daniconius (Hamilton, 1822); Rasbora espei Meinken, 1967 is distinct of R. heteromorpha Duncker, 1904. Rasbora paucisquamis Ahl, 1935 (?) is reported for the first time since its original description. Explanations of two particular zoogeographic patterns are presented.

Abstract: The present study was aimed at applying condition factor (CF), brain acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and gill histology as biomarkers for detecting possible exposure/effect induced by pesticides in fish residing rice field associated waterbodies in Sri Lanka. Biomarkers of an indigenous fish, Rasbora caverii collected from five sampling sites including canals near rice fields, a river and a reservoir (the reference site) were evaluated at four sampling stages covering pesticide application periods during rice cultivation season in 2004. Results indicated that CF of the fish did not show significant alterations regardless of the sampling sites or sampling stages. Site specific differences in AChE activities of the fish were not evident either prior to application of pesticides or at 7 days after Paraquat application to the rice fields. Two days after the application of a mixture of Fenthion and Phenthoate to the rice fields, AChE activity of the fish collected from canals near rice fields was significantly depressed (65–75%) compared to the fish in the reference site. The activities remain depressed to 50–56% even at 65 days after the insecticides application. Laboratory studies showed that prior exposure of R. caverii to Paraquat (2 μg l−1, 7 days) enhanced the extent of inhibition of brain AChE activity induced by Fenthion (3 μg l−1) or a mixture of Fenthion (3 μg l−1) and Phenthoate (5 μg l−1). Gills of fish collected from canals near rice fields exhibited abnormal multiple divisions at the tips of some secondary lamellae in addition to hyperplasia, hypertrophy and club shaped deformities. Results indicate that application of pesticides in rice culture could manifest a threat to native fish populations residing rice field associated waterbodies. The response of brain AChE and histological changes in the gills of R. caverii allowed differentiating sampling sites after insecticide applications to the rice fields. Hence, R. caverii may be considered as a surrogate species in ecotoxicological risk evaluation of agrochemicals in the region.

Abstract: Four new species of the minnow genus Rasbora of the Sumatrana group, R. arundinata, R. haru, R. maninjau, and R. bindumatoga, are described from northern Sumatra. Rasbora arundinata is distinguished from all congeners in the Sumatrana group by the black midlateral stripe overall forming a reed-leaf-like profile. Rasbora haru differs from its congeners in the Sumatrana group in having the black midlateral stripe overall forming a stamen-like profile. The new species endemic to Lake Maninjau in central west Sumatra, Rasbora maninjau, is unique among all the congeners in the Sumatrana group in having a combination of the black midlateral stripe extending from the midhumeral region of uniform width, the prominent acutely triangular basicaudal blotch, and the oval supra-anal pigmentation. Rasbora bindumatoga is distinguished from all congeners in the Sumatrana group by a combination of the black rectangular subdorsal blotch, the absence of supra-anal pigmentation, and the somewhat oval basicaudal blotch. Rasbora arundinata, R. maninjau, and R. bindumatoga occur allopatrically in the northwestern coastal region of Sumatra, while R. haru is known from northeastern coastal area of Sumatra. A new diagnostic character for the Sumatrana group is described: partial exposure of the upper lip due to a submedial contact between the maxilla and the lower lip, which is marked posteriorly by a lachrymal groove.