QMAP

Abstract: We present results from the QMAP balloon experiment, which maps the Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB) and probes its angular power spectrum on degree scales. In two separate flights, data were taken in six channels at two frequency bands between 26 to 46 GHz. We describe our method for mapmaking (removal of 1/f-noise and scan-synchronous offsets) and power spectrum estimation, as well as the results of a joint analysis of the data from both flights. This produces a 527 square degree map of the CMB around the North Celestial Pole, allowing a wide variety of systematic cross-checks. The frequency dependence of the fluctuations is consistent with CMB and inconsistent with Galactic foreground emission. The anisotropy is measured in three multipole bands from l~40 to l~200, and the angular power spectrum shows a distinct rise which is consistent with the Saskatoon results.

Abstract: We present results from a first test of the Gaussianity of degree-scale cosmic microwave background (CMB) anisotropy. We investigate Gaussianity of the CMB anisotropy by studying the topology of CMB anisotropy maps from the QMAP and Saskatoon experiments. We also study the QMASK map, a combination map of the QMAP and Saskatoon data. We measure the genus from noise-suppressed Wiener-filtered maps at an angular scale of about 1.5 degrees. To test the Gaussianity of the observed anisotropy, we compare these results to those derived from a collection of simulated maps for each experiment in a Gaussian spatially-flat cosmological constant dominated cold dark matter model. The genus-threshold level relations of the QMAP and Saskatoon maps are consistent with Gaussianity. While the combination QMASK map has a mildly non-Gaussian genus curve which is not a consequence of known foreground contamination, this result is not statistically significant at the 2 sigma level. These results extend previous upper limits on the non-Gaussianity of the large angular scale (> 10 degrees) CMB anisotropy (measured by the COBE DMR experiment) down to degree angular scales.

Abstract: We present results from a first test of the Gaussianity of degree-scale cosmic microwave background (CMB) anisotropy. We investigate Gaussianity of the CMB anisotropy by studying the topology of CMB anisotropy maps from the QMAP and Saskatoon experiments. We also study the QMASK map, a combination map of the QMAP and Saskatoon data. We measure the genus from noise-suppressed Wiener-filtered maps at an angular scale of about 15. To test the Gaussianity of the observed anisotropy, we compare these results to those derived from a collection of simulated maps for each experiment in a Gaussian spatially flat, cosmological constant dominated, cold dark matter model. The genus-threshold level relations of the QMAP and Saskatoon maps are consistent with Gaussianity. While the combination QMASK map has a mildly non-Gaussian genus curve that is not a consequence of known foreground contamination, this result is not statistically significant at the 2 ? level. These results extend previous upper limits on the non-Gaussianity of the large angular scale (>10?) CMB anisotropy (measured by the COBE Differential Microwave Radiometer experiment) down to degree angular scales.

Abstract: In 1994 the QMAP 1:250 000 Geological Map of New Zealand project began with compilation of the Dunedin sheet. Nearly 18 years later, publication of the Hawke's Bay sheet marks the completion of all 21 maps. The adoption of geographic information systems (GIS) software for data capture, data management and map production has not only produced high cartographic quality maps, but also built the attribute-rich, nationally consistent QMAP GIS spatial database. The project cost about NZD $24M, and the results are now being used by government, industry and research organisations across infrastructure, geological hazard, resource and environmental areas. QMAP has added significantly to general knowledge of New Zealand's geological composition and history due to new discoveries and validation of concepts. Notable advances include work on the allochthons of Northland and East Coast; rationalisation of the Taupo Volcanic Zone and East Coast stratigraphic successions; differentiation of the Torlesse basement...