Pycnonotus simplex

Abstract: Forest damage in any ways will determine all of the organism inside include the birds. Forest restoration is a positive step that would help to recover back the forest. Bird is one of bio-indicator of forest condition. This research was needed not only to compare the diversity of birds between restoration area and primary forest (middle and edge forest), but also to know the species of birds which could adapt in both areas. The research was conducted in June – July 2012 at Sei Betung Resort, based on the IPA (Indices Ponctuels d’Abondence) or Point Count method. The result showed that bird diversity index in middle forest is 3,586 as well as in edge forest is 3,554 . Both results are categorized as high diversity level, while the restoration area is categorized as middle diversity level with 3,095 index value. Some birds were founded in both areas such as Wreathed hornbill (Aceros undulatus), Emerald dove ( Chalcophaps indica ), Black magpie ( Platysmurus leucopterus ), Short-toed coucal ( Centropus rectunguis ), Greater coucal ( Centropus sinensis ), Lesser coucal ( Centropus bengalensis ), Buff-rumped Woodpecker (Meiglyptes tristis), Rufous woodpecker ( Celeus brachyurus ), Red-breasted parakeet ( Psittacula alexandri ), Yellow-vented bulbul ( Phycnonotus goiavier ), Cream-vented bulbul (Pycnonotus simplex), Black-headed Bulbul (Pycnonotus atriceps), Red-whiskered bulbul ( Pycnonotus jocosus ), Ashy tailorbird ( Orthotomus ruficeps ), Rufous-tailed tailorbird ( Orthotomus sericeus ), Magpie robin ( Copsychus saularis) . Key words: bird diversity, bird adaptation, primary forest, restoration area

Abstract: Study about bird species at Hasanatul Barokah palm oil plantation was conducted on December 2014. With Survey methods has been used in this research. The research station technique by purposive random sampling. The researcher found that 10 family 12 species and 27 individual, that Alcedinidae (Halcyon smyrnensis), Ardeidae (Ixobrychus cinnamomeus), Columbidae (Geopelia striata, Spilopeliachinensis, Treron vernans), Meropidae (Merops viridis), Muscicapidae (Copsychus saularis), Phasianidae (Coturnix chinensis), Psittacidae (Psittacula longicauda), Pycnonotidae (Pycnonotus aurigaster, Pycnonotus simplex), Sturnidae (Acridotheres cinereus). Index diversity is category medium, with value 2,185.

Abstract: Habitat modification can lead to reduction of biodiversity. This survey aimed to determine the diversity of understory birds and their feeding guilds at rice field plantation and mixed dipterocarp forest. The understory birds were mist-netted from March to May 2017 and resulted in 110 individual birds of 32 species from 19 families. Among them, five species are legally protected and three species are considered Near Threatened under the IUCN Red List (2017). Preliminary analysis suggests most birds are habitat specialist. Only two omnivore species [i.e. Yellow-vented Bulbul (Pycnonotus goiavier) and Pied Fantail (Rhipidura javanica)] were caught at both habitats. Cream-vented Bulbul (Pycnonotus simplex) and Brownthroated Sunbird (Anthreptes malacensis) were the most predominant bird species captured in Santubong National Park (SNP), whereas Chestnut Munia (Lonchura atricapilla) was the dominant species at rice field in Stunggang Melayu Village, Lundu. Although omnivores and insectivores dominated both habitats, three species of nectarivores were caught at SNP. SNP showed higher bird species diversity and mean richness (H’=3.045; 0.935) compared to rice field (H’= 2.565; 0.7257) (t-test; p = 1.1432x10-6). This preliminary study provides baseline information on bird species diversity and habitat preference at two different habitats in Western Sarawak.