TL;DR: The first known specimen of the cricetid genus Punomys for Bolivia based on an adult female captured in 1987 is reported in this paper, however, the specific affinities of this individual are cur - rently unknown as it shares qualitative and quantitative characters with PunOMys kofordi and P. lemminus, but also differs substantially from both species; therefore, new specimens are required to arrive to a definitive conclusion as to what species this specimen represents.
Abstract: We report the first known specimen of the cricetid genus Punomys for Bolivia based on an adult female captured in 1987. The specific affinities of this individual are cur - rently unknown as it shares qualitative and quantitative characters with Punomys kofordi and P. lemminus, but also differs substantially from both species; we submit that new specimens are required to arrive to a definitive conclusion as to what species this specimen represents. RESUMEN: Primer registro de Punomys (Rodentia: Sigmodontinae) en Bolivia. En este articulo presentamos el primer registro para Bolivia del roedor cricetido Punomys, basandonos en un especimen atrapado en 1987 en las afueras de la ciudad de La Paz. Debido a que nuestro especimen comparte caracteres metricos y cualitativos con las dos especies conocidas del genero (Punomys kofordi y P. lemminus) pero al mismo tiempo presenta rasgos unicos, es imposible, en este momento, dilucidar a que especie pertenece. Solo se podra avanzar una hipotesis mas definitiva con una muestra un poco mas grande.
TL;DR: A formal recognition to a tribal level clade composed of Andinomys and Punomys, two extant sigmodontine genera consistently and repeatedly recovered in the phylogenetic analyses of molecular and morphological data is provided.
Abstract: We provide a formal recognition to a tribal level clade composed of Andinomys and Punomys, two extant sigmodontine genera consistently and repeatedly recovered in the phylogenetic analyses of molecular and morphological data. As currently recognized, this tribe is distributed in middle to high elevations in the Andes of Bolivia, Peru, northern Chile, and northwestern Argentina in habitats that range from high elevation grasslands and ecotonal areas to dry Puna. Within this new clade, Punomys appears as the more specialized member as it is fully restricted to rocky outcrops and their immediate surrounding areas at elevations above 4400 m on both sides of the Altiplano. In contrast, Andinomys occupies a broad elevational range (500–4000 m) and multiple habitats, from subtropical mountain forests and semiarid Puna and Prepuna to high altitudinal grasslands. Both taxa share a number of possible synapomorphies (e.g., presence of caudal enlargement of the post-zygapophysis in the second and eighth thoracic vertebrates, unilocular-hemiglandular stomachs with a large corpus and deep incisura angularis, and very similar chromosomal complements) and other diagnostic morphological features. The supratribal phylogenetic relationships of the taxon here named are not resolved even with the moderate amount of molecular data now available. In addition, we present a revised classification for the Sigmodontinae and comment on the content and context of this unique radiation of the Cricetidae.