Showing papers on "Proteomics published in 1993"
TL;DR: The chloroplast sequences account for about 6 percent of the rice mtDNA and do not, therefore, contribute very much to the large size of the mtDNA, but, excluding one of the inverted repeats, they correspond to 19% of the 113,726 bp of the Rice chloropleft DNA genome.
Abstract: S tern and Lonsdale (1982) demonstrated that mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) of maize contains a 12-kb chloroplast sequence that includes genes for 16S rRNA, tRNA "~ and tRNAVaL Since then, a number of other chloroplast sequences havebeen found in the mitochondrial genomes of higher plants. All locations of chloroplast sequences in the mtDNA of spinach were identified by Southeri~ hybridization (Stern and Palmer, 1986). The exact length of chloroplast sequences, however, can not be determined by hybridization alone. Physical maps and overlapping clone banks of chloroplast DNA (ctDNA) and mtDNA from rice (Oryza saliva cv. Nipponbare) have been available for some time (Hirai et al., 1985; Iwahashi et al., 1992), and the complete sequence of this chloroplast genorne has been determined (Hiratsuka et al., 1989). We identified the chloroplast sequences in mtDNA of rice by hybridizing two clone banks (Nakazono and Hirai, 1993). In this way we were able to determine the exact length of the entire set of transferred chloroplast sequences that are present in the rice mitochondrial genome (cf. front cover). The sequences homologous to regions of the ctDNA are composed of 16 fragments ranging in size from 32 bases to 6.8 kb for a total of 22 kb (Table I) and are widely distributed in the mtDNA. The chloroplast sequences account for about 6 percent of the rice mtDNA and do not, therefore, contribute very much to the large size of the mtDNA, but, excluding one of the inverted repeats, they correspond to 19 percent of the 113,726 bp of the rice chloroplast DNA genome.
9 citations
TL;DR: A report of oat transformation and regeneration, the characterisation of J3-glucanase genes in oat, the further development of a molecular genetic map in oats, and theCharacterisation of genes encoding novel oat grain proteins are reported.
Abstract: A number of developments have been made in the molecular biology of oat (Avena spp.) in recent years. Many of these were recently described at the Fourth International Oat Conference, held on 18 to 23 October, in Adelaide, South Australia. These advances include a report of oat transformation and regeneration, the characterisation of J3-glucanase genes in oat, the further development of a molecular genetic map in oats, and the characterisation of genes encoding novel oat grain proteins. A technique for assessing pedigrees in the oat and other cereal crops has been reported using a modified electrophoretic technique.
6 citations
TL;DR: Examples of MS-based functional assays for detection of targeted microorganisms, e.g., Bacillus anthracis, in environmental or clinically relevant backgrounds are also reviewed.
Abstract: Advances in instrumentation, proteomics, and bioinformatics have contributed to the successful applications of mass spectrometry (MS) for detection, identification, and classification of microorganisms. These MS applications are based on the detection of organism-specific biomarker molecules, which allow differentiation between organisms to be made. Intact proteins, their proteolytic peptides, and nonribosomal peptides have been successfully utilized as biomarkers. Sequence-specific fragments for biomarkers are generated by tandem MS of intact proteins or proteolytic peptides, obtained after, for instance, microwave-assisted acid hydrolysis. In combination with proteome database searching, individual biomarker proteins are unambiguously identified from their tandem mass spectra, and from there the source microorganism is also identified. Such top-down or bottom-up proteomics approaches permit rapid, sensitive, and confident characterization of individual microorganisms in mixtures and are reviewed here. Examples of MS-based functional assays for detection of targeted microorganisms, e.g., Bacillus anthracis, in environmental or clinically relevant backgrounds are also reviewed.