About: Prolactin is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 22356 publications have been published within this topic receiving 609537 citations. The topic is also known as: lactotropin, & PRL,.
TL;DR: The purpose of this review is to provide a comprehensive survey of the current understanding of prolactin's function and its regulation and to expose some of the controversies still existing.
Abstract: Prolactin is a protein hormone of the anterior pituitary gland that was originally named for its ability to promote lactation in response to the suckling stimulus of hungry young mammals. We now know that prolactin is not as simple as originally described. Indeed, chemically, prolactin appears in a multiplicity of posttranslational forms ranging from size variants to chemical modifications such as phosphorylation or glycosylation. It is not only synthesized in the pituitary gland, as originally described, but also within the central nervous system, the immune system, the uterus and its associated tissues of conception, and even the mammary gland itself. Moreover, its biological actions are not limited solely to reproduction because it has been shown to control a variety of behaviors and even play a role in homeostasis. Prolactin-releasing stimuli not only include the nursing stimulus, but light, audition, olfaction, and stress can serve a stimulatory role. Finally, although it is well known that dopamine of hypothalamic origin provides inhibitory control over the secretion of prolactin, other factors within the brain, pituitary gland, and peripheral organs have been shown to inhibit or stimulate prolactin secretion as well. It is the purpose of this review to provide a comprehensive survey of our current understanding of prolactin's function and its regulation and to expose some of the controversies still existing.
TL;DR: This ebooks is under topic such as a radioimmunoassay method for human pituitary luteinizing methods inRadioimmunOassay, toxicology, and springer, and a rapid radioIMmunoASSay method of (39161) ultrafiltration method for direct radioim Muncoassay measurement new solid phases for estimation of hormones by agreement between electrochemiluminescence and raciloimmunosynthesis.
Abstract: The best ebooks about Methods Of Hormone Radioimmunoassay that you can get for free here by download this Methods Of Hormone Radioimmunoassay and save to your desktop. This ebooks is under topic such as a radioimmunoassay method for human pituitary luteinizing methods in radioimmunoassay, toxicology, and springer a rapid radioimmunoassay method of (39161) ultrafiltration method for direct radioimmunoassay measurement new solid phases for estimation of hormones by agreement between electrochemiluminescence and raciloimmunoassay: principle and technique jpma parathyroid hormone: radioimmunoassay and clinical radioimmunoassay of plasma hormones: review of plasma examination of the tissue ghrelin expression of rats with 2 radioimmunoassay of gi hormones bprcem erroneous thyroid-stimulating hormone radioimmunoassay prolactin and luteinizing hormone cells of pregnant and a radioimmunoassay for rat ghrelin: evaluation of method luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone levels in human validation of nonradioactive chemiluminescent immunoassay general principles, problems, and interpretation in the radioimmunoassay and related techniques jpma radioimmunoassay for proparathyroid hormone hormone analysis ksu faculty member websites a rapid radioimmunoassay method for serum luteinizing radioimmunoassay of secretin rdspringer a radioimmunoassay for erythropoietin blood journal original article comparative study on determination of measurement of human luteinizing hormone jci comparison of solid-phase radioimmunoassay and competitive standard methods for physiology and biochemistry research radioimmunoassay measurement of secretin half-life in man radioimmunoassay and related procedures in medicine core methods in determining growth hormone concentrations: an serum prolactin levels in humans from birth to adult life efficacy of synthetic gonadotropin releasing hormone radioimmunoassay for the in-vitro determination of methods for assessing the effects of chemicals on the adaptation and analytical validation of a radioimmunoassay radioimmunoassay of human parathyroid hormone in development and validation of a solid-phase radioimmunoassay the embryo project encyclopedia use of in the radioimmunoassay human journal of clinical radioimmunoassay for luteinizing hormone in plasma or
TL;DR: A novel neuropeptide which stimulates adenylate cyclase in rat anterior pituitary cell cultures was isolated from ovine hypothalamic tissues and increased release of growth hormone, prolactin, corticotropin and luteinizing hormone from superfused rat pituitaries at as small a dose as 10(-10)M) or 10(-9)M (LH).
TL;DR: Groups of female rats were decapitated at 3-hr intervals throughout 4-day estrous cycles and the plasma of each rat was assayed for LH, FSH, prolactin, progesterone and estradiol-17β, which exhibited a peak concentration in plasma on the day of proestrus.
Abstract: Groups of female rats were decapitated at 3-hr intervals throughout 4-day estrous cycles and the plasma of each rat was assayed for LH, FSH, prolactin, progesterone and estradiol-17β. Radioimmunoassays were used to measure these hormones, except for progesterone which was determined by the competitive protein binding assay. All five hormones exhibited a peak concentration in plasma on the day of proestrus. In addition, progesterone was elevated from 0900 hr of metestrus to 0900 hr of diestrus, while plasma prolactin showed a brief rise at 1500 hr of estrus. The elevated level of estradiol on the day of proestrus followed a different pattern than the other four hormones. Estradiol concentration began to rise late on metestrus, reached a peak at noon of proestrus, and fell before peak levels of the other hormones were reached. The preovulatory elevation of LH, prolactin and progesterone occurred between noon and midnight of proestrus, while the peak of FSH lasted from noon of proestrus to noon of estrus. (E...
TL;DR: It is suggested that nocturnal surge on D-2, PROLACTin is the major Luteotropic stimulus which transforms and estrous cycle into pseudopregnancy by prolonging progesterone secretion from the corpus luteum.
Abstract: The hormonal factors associated with converting a corpus luteum of estrous cycle into a corpus luteum of pseudopregnancy were studied by measuring LH and FSH prolactin, estradiol and progesterone levels in decapitated rats during the 4-day estrous cycle and a comparable time of pseudopregnancy (lights on 0600-0800 hr.). During the estrous cycle, prolactin, LH and FSH remained low and unchanging except on the afternoon of proestrus, when typical proestrous surges were observed. In contrast, estradiol levels began to increase on D-1, from baseline values of 7 pg/ml to approximately 15-20 pg/ml. These levels were maintained until the afternoon of D-2 when estradiol further increased to reach peak levels of 40-50 pg/ml by 0900 hr on proestrus. Estradiol then declined in relation to the increase in LH secreation and had returned to baseline by estrus. Progesterone secretion by the corpora lutea of the cycle also increased on the afternoon of D-1 and reached a maximum value of 25-30 ng/ml early on the morning of D-2. At this time, a precipitious fall in progesterone occurred, returning to baseline values of 5-1- ng/ml by 0700 on D-2 signifying the regression of the corpora lutea of the cycle. Progesterone remained low thereafter until the afternoon of proestrus when levels increased in response to the proestrus when levels increased in response to the proestrous surge of LH. Following cervical stimulation at 1900 hr on proestrus, no differences were noted, with respect to the estrous cycle, in LH, FSH or estradiol secreation through the afternoon of D-2. Surprisingly, progesterone levels did not differ in the cycle and pseudopregnancy until the early morning of D-29 instead of progesterone levels falling to baseline as they had during the cycle, the corpora lutea of pseudopregnancy were rescused, progesterone increasing dramatically to reach levels of 45-50 ng/ml by 1700 hr on that same day. The only difference in hormone secretion that was noted which could account for this marked divergence in progesterone secretion was the pattern of prolactin secretion following cervical stimulation. In contrast to the low levels seen during the estrous cycle, biphasio surges of prolactin secretion occured each day, one being nocturnal (0100-0900 hr) and the other diurnal (1500-2100 hr). The rescue of the corpus luteum occured in association with the nocturnal surge on D-2. These results suggest that nocturnal surge on D-2, PROLACTIN IS THE MAJOR Luteotropic stimulus which transforms and estrous cycle into pseudopregnancy by prolonging progesterone secretion from the corpus luteum. Moreover, if LH is important for progesterone secretion, no changes were observed in the pattern of LH secretion which can account for the rescue of the corpus luteum.