Abstract: Thank you for downloading seismic design guidelines for port structures. Maybe you have knowledge that, people have look hundreds times for their chosen readings like this seismic design guidelines for port structures, but end up in infectious downloads. Rather than reading a good book with a cup of tea in the afternoon, instead they are facing with some infectious bugs inside their computer. seismic design guidelines for port structures is available in our digital library an online access to it is set as public so you can get it instantly. Our books collection hosts in multiple countries, allowing you to get the most less latency time to download any of our books like this one. Merely said, the seismic design guidelines for port structures is universally compatible with any devices to read.

Abstract: One of the most important issues in port connectivity refers to the availability of accessible waterways and their traffic management This puts a lot of pressure especially into capacity restricted transport corridors, where their inefficient use may not only result in a loss of the port competitiveness but also in an increase of the volume of ship emissions polluting the environment In this context, the Waterway Ship Scheduling Problem is proposed; its goal is to schedule incoming and outgoing ships through different waterways for accessing or leaving the port in such a way that the ships’ waiting time is minimized This objective allows, on the one hand, to avoid bottlenecks or congestions through scheduling the waterway traffic, and on the other hand, reduce vessel emissions while they are waiting at the anchorage either for entering or leaving A mathematical model and heuristics are proposed Real scenarios based on the Yangtze Delta (Shanghai) are tackled for assessing the performance of the heuristic and the improvement upon real-world terminal operations

Abstract: The goal of the present article is to contribute to the extant literature about the exploitation of IoT in seaports by illustrating in detail how such IT infrastructures can impact on the redesign of their business processes. Thus, the research question of the study is: how do IoT technologies redesign the business processes of seaports? ,The article reports the illustrative case study of the German Port of Hamburg, one of the main European seaports, which widely adopted technologies based on IoT over the last few years.,The results show the adoption of IoT technologies widely redesigns and improves the performance of all the main business process of the port analysed, in particular those processes related to technology and information of the organisation. The IoT-driven BPR must be planned strategically by the port management and implies the involvement of all the port stakeholders and, if necessary, the hiring external professional partners.,Despite some authors report generically which are the ports operational domains more affected by IoT, there is a lack of studies about the specific implications of the adoption of such technologies on the BPR of seaports. The article fills in this gap.

Abstract: Sustainability agendas are challenging port authorities around the world to find ways of operating and managing their ports efficiently and effectively in terms of economic, social, as well as environmental development. In this respect, governments in ASEAN countries have been implementing various green activities seeking to reduce the environmental impact of shipping and related activities. In this connection, most studies in the existing literature mainly focus on the environmental aspects of sustainable development and have not clearly explained what sustainable port development exactly entails. Furthermore, most of these studies emphasized on the impact of port development and overlooked what factors influence sustainable port development. To address these gaps, this research aim to explore the main factors shaping sustainable port development. This was conducted through a comprehensive review of related literature as well as confirmatory in-depth interviews with port authorities. As a result, findings from this research would help identify key elements of sustainable port development from port authorities’ perspective. The challenges, opportunities and managerial implications for Vietnamese ports are also discussed accordingly.

Abstract: The trend towards collaborative innovation in the maritime supply chain implies a good understanding of the actors and their roles, and an efficient exchange of information. A Port Community System (PCS) increases port efficiency by connecting the ICT systems of each of its members, thereby facilitating their communication. To verify whether this type of collaboration and its benefits actually materialize, an understanding of the costs and benefits of such PCS is required. This paper recognizes the inconsistency in the existing literature with respect to PCS costs and benefits quantification. Therefore, after an in-depth literature review, interviews with experts of PCS were carried out, a comprehensive framework to quantify the costs and benefits was developed. Next, a case study was drawn-up to develop a discussion regarding the costs and the extra benefits that port stakeholders incur when using a module of a PCS. The case analysis suggests that there is a positive cost–benefit balance for every stakeholder adhering to a PCS. By covering the development and operational costs of certain modules, PCS operators seek to increase the port competitiveness. This way, PCS users manage to gain higher net benefits and have a competitive advantage over other port stakeholders outside the community.

Abstract: This paper deals with the relevance of analyzing the necessary development and of proposing a plan for research and remodeling the electrical infrastructures of port facilities. Good energy management principles, as well as electrical distribution architecture have a vital impact on performance of the installed system throughout its life cycle. The ports are the interface of maritime transport and are integrated in the surrounding land. They are required to arrange their electrical power distribution system, possibly in microgrids, that is, as a “utility” system, appropriate and adequate even to power the ship from shore. Harbors must have an energy master plan and their areas have to be considered as a unique customer. The energy management of a port area may be a great business opportunity for the port authority, which until now was not, involving different stakeholders who may benefit from service, including the same power utility company that benefits from the optimization and control of the energy flows.

Abstract: In this paper we carry out a container port performance analysis of the developing world between 2000 and 2010, using both parametric and nonparametric approaches. From a unique dataset – our sample covers 70 developing countries, 203 ports, and 1750 data points–, we examine the evolution and drivers of productivity and efficiency changes across developing regions. We show that productivity growth rates between 2000 and 2010 vary significantly and that this heterogeneity is explained by pure efficiency changes rather than scale efficiency of technological changes. Therefore, we carry out a detailed efficiency analysis to determine the drivers of port efficiency. Time series results show an upward trend for port efficiency in developing regions, as it increased from 51 percent in 2000 to 61 percent in 2010. Our analysis indicates that private sector participation, the reduction of corruption in the public sector, improvements in liner connectivity and the existence of multimodal links increase the level of port efficiency in developing regions.

Abstract: In the present paper, we aim to review the maritime literature of two interrelated concepts: Port Sustainability and Ocean's Carrier Network Problem (OCNP). The past literature did not establish a clear relationship between these two concepts, as the sustainability concept is a relatively recent approach in the maritime literature, and still a gap exists in this field. This study will have the objective to review the port sustainability concept and then to relate it to the OCNP, in order to reach a conceptual framework which will integrate port sustainability indicators in the OCNP. This will be achieved by interrelating them using the triple bottom line concept and focusing solely on the environmental approach. The conceptual framework will be our future perspective to be achieved through our upcoming work.

Abstract: The Agreement on Port State Measures to Prevent, Deter and Eliminate Illegal, Unreported and Unregulated Fishing seeks to prevent, deter and eliminate illegal, unreported and unregulated fishing through the adoption and implementation of effective port State measures as a means of ensuring the long-term conservation and sustainable use of living marine resources. The intention is that the Agreement will be applied widely and effectively by Parties, in their capacities as port States, for vessels not entitled to fly their flags. It will apply to these vessels when seeking entry to Parties’ ports or while they are in port. Certain artisanal fishing and container vessels will be exempt. The Agreement gives special emphasis to the requirements of developing countries to support their efforts to implement the Agreement.

Abstract: Container ports are generally measured and compared using performance indicators such as container throughput and facility productivity. Being able to measure the performance of container ports quantitatively is of great importance for researchers to design models for port operation and container logistics. Instead of relying on the manually collected statistical information from different port authorities and shipping companies, we propose to leverage the pervasive ship GPS traces and maritime open data to derive port performance indicators, including ship traffic, container throughput, berth utilization, and terminal productivity. These performance indicators are found to be directly related to the number of container ships arriving at the terminals and the number of containers handled at each ship. Therefore, we propose a framework that takes the ships' container-handling events at terminals as the basis for port performance measurement. With the inferred port performance indicators, we further compare the strengths and weaknesses of different container ports at the terminal level, port level, and region level, which can potentially benefit terminal productivity improvement, liner schedule optimization, and regional economic development planning. In order to evaluate the proposed framework, we conduct extensive studies on large-scale real-world GPS traces of container ships collected from major container ports worldwide through the year, as well as various maritime open data sources concerning ships and ports. Evaluation results confirm that the proposed framework not only can accurately estimate various port performance indicators but also effectively produces port comparison results such as port performance ranking and port region comparison.

Abstract: This paper adapts Freeman’s measures of degree, closeness and betweenness centrality and applies them to assessing: port centrality in relation to direct connectivity; accessibility to all ports in the network (direct and indirect routes) and; as an intermediary between other ports. An additional parameter added to the formulae ensures that the relative importance of available shipping capacity and foreland market coverage are also accounted for. Validation of this adapted measure is provided by the results obtained from an empirical application. These reveal that foreland market coverage exerts a particularly strong influence on a port’s demand and closeness centrality.

Abstract: While traditional port literature uses origin and destination pairs in global shipping networks, recent developments of dry ports in the hinterland, feeder service networks, and heavy foreign trade traffic make the ports in Bohai Bay a unique case in the analysis of inter-port connectivity and competitiveness. Using an integrated port connectivity index to define the above features, the advantages and challenges of individual ports can be assessed in a dynamic interconnected environment. The model can provide unbiased port development strategies for each port to ensure long-term sustainability.

Abstract: When in port, ships burn marine diesel in on-board generators to produce electricity and are significant contributors to poor local and regional air quality. Supplying ships with grid electricity can reduce these emissions. We use two integrated assessment models to quantify the benefits of reducing the emissions of NOX, SO2, PM2.5, and CO2 that would occur if shore power were used. Using historical vessel call data, we identify combinations of vessels and berths at U.S. ports that could be switched to shore power to yield the largest gains for society. Our results indicate that, depending on the social costs of pollution assumed, an air quality benefit of $70-150 million per year could be achieved by retrofitting a quarter to two-thirds of all vessels that call at U.S. ports. Such a benefit could be produced at no net cost to society (health and environmental benefits would be balanced by the cost of ship and port retrofit) but would require many ships to be equipped to receive shore power, even if doing so would result in a private loss for the operator. Policy makers could produce a net societal gain by implementing incentives and mandates to encourage a shift toward shore power.

Abstract: Disruptive events such as natural disasters, loss or reduction of resources, work stoppages, and emergent conditions have potential to propagate economic losses across trade networks. In particular, disruptions to the operation of container port activity can be detrimental for international trade and commerce. Risk assessment should anticipate the impact of port operation disruptions with consideration of how priorities change due to uncertain scenarios and guide investments that are effective and feasible for implementation. Priorities for protective measures and continuity of operations planning must consider the economic impact of such disruptions across a variety of scenarios. This article introduces new performance metrics to characterize resiliency in interdependency modeling and also integrates scenario-based methods to measure economic sensitivity to sudden-onset disruptions. The methods will be demonstrated on a U.S. port responsible for handling $36.1 billion of cargo annually. The methods will be useful to port management, private industry supply chain planning, and transportation infrastructure management.

Abstract: This paper analyzes the incentives for and welfare implications of collaboration among local governments in landside port accessibility investment. In particular, we consider two seaports with their respective captive markets and a common inland market for which the ports compete. The ports and the inland belong to three independent regional governments, each making investment decisions on accessibility for its own region. We find that there is a conflict of interest between the port governments and inland government in terms of their jointly making accessibility investment decisions, and that each region's preference over various coalitions is highly affected by ownership type of the competing ports. For public ports, the inland may compensate the port regions to achieve the grand coalition that maximizes total welfare but requires a sizable investment in the port regions. For private ports, however, the port regions benefit from coordinating with the inland and hence may be able to compensate the inland to form the grand coalition.

Abstract: This study aims to (1) to investigate what are the main factors for evaluation of port competitiveness through an analysis of previous literature review; (2) to compare port competitiveness among a sample of ports in Korea and China using TOPSIS; (3) to determine ways to improve port competitiveness in Korea and particularly for Busan port. After selecting the related criteria on port competitiveness for the analysis, the main relevant criteria are divided into three major categories: port throughput, physical and financial criteria in Korean and Chinese ports. The empirical results indicate that Shanghai, Shenzhen and Busan port are the first three competitive ports. Shanghai port ranked near the top port in this analysis, it ranked fist port in port throughput and port financial category (ranked third port in port physical category), Shenzhen port ranked second port in port physical and port financial category (ranked third port in port throughput category), Busan port ranked first port in port physical category, and Ningbo port ranked third port in port throughput and port financial category in this analysis. The finding to the study suggests that the port competitiveness ranking is similar to the current throughput ranking to the main container ports taken into account in the sample.

Abstract: The interaction between port activities and regional development has caught the attention of various scholars and decision-makers worldwide. However, without a clear definition of the port region, confusion remains between a group of neighboring ports (e.g. facade, range) or an inland service area of a given port (e.g. hinterland). Considering the socio-economic characteristics of regional units around ports is proposed as a possible solution for international comparison. Main results show that in developed countries, specialization in the industrial sector has a negative impact on port performance, while unemployment, GDP, and service concentrations have a positive influence on traffic. This confirms the effects of globalization on port regions

Abstract: People have redesigned coastlines, creating ports, shaping waterfronts, and building cities to connect water and land. Specialists from many disciplines have explored the function and design of the water–land transition over many centuries. Among them is planning, a discipline that engages both with the functionality of working ports and the design of the waterfront for the urban public. In order to explore the development of working ports and the revitalization of abandoned inner-city waterfronts since the 1960s, this paper reviews planning and planning history literature in regard to the specific appreciation of water. It first examines the planning of ports and its focus on improving the speed, safety, and logistics, assigning water an industrial role. Second, it reflects on the design of post-industrial waterfront spaces, which ascribes a more aesthetic and symbolic as well as leisure-related role to water. Third, it points to the recent reconnection of cruise shipping with inner-city waterfront redevelopment and the coastline in general. In conclusion, the paper underscores localized perceptions of water in planning literature and the need to recognize how interconnected water systems connect otherwise separated areas along the same coastline. It argues for the integrated planning of port, waterfront, and city in conjunction with a comprehensive study of the environmental and ecological role of water in each of those places, both as a resource they share and, with climate change, a risk to which they must collectively respond. WIREs Water 2016, 3:419–438. doi: 10.1002/wat2.1141 For further resources related to this article, please visit the WIREs website.

Abstract: V. THE INTERTIDAL ANIMAL COMMUNITIES .. 361 The lower reaches: .. 361 Fauna of solid substrata . 361 Fauna of sand and mud banks . 364 The Epifauna . 364 (i) Supralittoral fringe .. 365 (ii) Midlittoral zones and infralittoral fringe 366 (a) Spartinetum . 366 (b) Zosteretum . . .366 The Infauna . .. 367 (i) Communities living in clean sand . 368 (a) Calianassa community . .369 (b) Other sand communities . .370 (ii) Communities living in mixed soils and in mud 372 (a) Upogebia community . .372 (b) The species of Cleistostoma . 374 (c) Alpheus community . 374 The middle reaches: . 375 Fauna of solid substrata . 375 Fauna of banks of sandy mud and mud . 376 The upper reaches: . . . .376 Fauna of solid substrata .. 376 Fauna of muddy sand . 377 The Epifauna . . . .377 VI. NUTRITIONAL RELATIONSHIPS . . . . . . 377 VII. BIOTIC FACTORS INFLUENCING DISTRIBUTION . . . 379 VIII. COMMENSALISM . . 380 IX. ZONATION ON THE MUD FLATS AND SAND BANKS . . .381 SUMMARY . . . . .385 REFERENCES . . . . . 385

Abstract: This study aims to propose a tangible approach to delimiting the probabilistic hinterland of a port of interest. We first build a geometric model for the probabilistic port hinterland based on intermodal network flows jointly using discrete choice analysis and geographical information of shippers. We further design an algorithm that can efficiently determine the hinterland boundaries using the sample approximation of shippers’ choice probabilities. We provide theoretical results that characterize the minimum computational effort required to achieve a certain degree of accuracy in the sample approximation. We also offer two numerical case studies to justify the proposed approach.

Abstract: Factors related to bulk cargo port scheduling are very complex and peculiar. Changes in the factors will affect the reusability of a model, so establishing a reliable scheduling model for bulk cargo ports is particularly important. This paper sorts the factors affecting bulk cargo port scheduling, such as the number of vessels, the number of berths, vessel-berthing constraints (basic factors), the service priority, and the makespan (special factors), and then establishes the non-deterministic polynomial (NP) model, which aims to minimize the total service time and makespan. Lastly, it solves the model based on the multi-phase particle swarm optimization (MPPSO) algorithm and Matlab. Some important conclusions are obtained. (1) For the model neglecting priority, the total service time is the smallest, whereas the maximum waiting time and maximum operating time are relatively large, and the makespan is the latest. (2) For the model considering priority, the total service time is relatively large, whereas the maximum waiting time and maximum operating time are relatively small, and the makespan is relatively early. (3) For the model considering the makespan, the total service time is the mostlargest, whereas the maximum waiting time and especially the maximum operating time are the smallest, and the makespan is the earliest. We can choose different models according to different situations in bulk cargo port scheduling. © 2016 PEI, University of Maribor. All rights reserved.

Abstract: Raising the environmental profile of European ports and promoting excellence in port environmental management and performance are key priorities for European ports policy. The need for well-connected port infrastructure, efficient and reliable port services, and transparent port funding is significant. Reducing energy consumption in ports has become a major concern for all port community stakeholders and ranks third in the top 10 environmental priorities of the European port sector for 2013. This concern has led 57% of European ports to develop energy efficiency programs and 20% of them to adopt measures for directly producing energy from renewable sources. This paper presents a structured approach for developing a port energy management plan (EMP) that highlights the main issues, challenges, and prospects that should be taken into account. The role of European ports in changing energy policy is discussed, and the value of a port EMP, either at the port authority level or at the terminal operator level, i...

Abstract: Purpose The purpose of this study is to identify crucial sustainability assessment criteria in the context of international port sector. Design/methodology/approach Data collection was based on a questionnaire survey from 135 managers and supervisors at major international ports in Taiwan, including Keelung, Taichung and Kaohsiung. A confirmatory factor analysis was conducted to identify crucial sustainability assessment criteria at ports. Findings A total of 31 important sustainable assessment criteria were adapted from previous studies in terms of environmental, economic and social issues. Results revealed that social issues with respect to staff job security and safety were ranked as the most important sustainability assessment criteria, followed by environmental protection when handling cargo, facilitation of economic activities, port traffic accidents prevention and cargo handled safely and effectively. In contrary, respondents revealed their less importance in the criteria, namely, mitigating light influence on neighboring residents, considering the arrangement of vehicles when constructing port transportation system, avoiding using unpolluted land in port area and hiring minority groups and consulting interests groups when making port projects. Four sustainability assessment dimensions were identified, namely, environmental material, economic issue, environmental practices and social concerns. Research limitations/implications The research findings indicated that economic issue was deemed as the most important dimension of sustainability assessment criteria from a port operator’s perspective, followed by environmental practices, social concerns and environmental material. Practical implications for port sustainability assessment were discussed in this research. Originality/value Although a majority of previous studies on sustainability assessment have been discussed, there is still a lack of investigation of sustainability assessment in the context of port sector. This study not only develops sustainability assessment attributes but also highlights the important criteria of sustainability assessment. Further, this study identified four crucial sustainability assessment factors, which provide helpful information for port corporations to identify important criteria and policy of sustainability assessment.