Abstract: A three-way valve includes a rotatable valve plug which has a generally T-shaped passageway therethrough to permit transfer of fluid between a main port selectively to or from either or both side ports of the valve. The plug is exteriorly recessed so as to provide secondary flow paths on the periphery of the plug from the central leg of the T-shaped passageway to the side legs thereof so that there will be no spaces in the plug passageway where fluid will stagnate when the plug is rotated to direct the flow between the main port and only one of the side ports.

Abstract: Knowledge of how traffic reacts to cost changes is important for the management of individual ports since it determines how total revenues will react, and whether investment in new facilities is financially sound. At the national level, information on traffic elasticities gives an indication of the strength of competition faced by ports; it is necessary for an understanding of what constitutes an optimal pattern of pricing and capacity use of the whole ports system; and it has implications for the country's balance of payments position. The report sets out the theory underlying the measurement of responses by port users to changes in port costs, and goes on to assess how far the information necessary for empirical analysis is available or could be collected.

Abstract: Professor Cohen recounts the operations of the famed auction system in New York, suggesting reasons for its success in the years after the War of 1812 and its decline in the decade of the 1830's.

Abstract: The article concerns itself with a general review of the cargo handling procedures that should be followed in developing countries with young and developing port facilities including suggestions on how to facilitate the rapid, safe, and effective loading and discharge of cargoes. Suggestions pertinent to both break bulk and unit load cargoes are included. Two of the major suggestions brought out in the article are that paperwork be kept to a minimum and that computers should be used but only partially at first. Computer use should grow with the port. The development of computer use is also reviewed.

Abstract: *a m -| The c SurVey C0 ! Iected 102 ? specimens of Brachyura belonging to 29 Species and 10 families. Seven species were taken by the Portland Pier Survey in 1963 five of which are also represented in the Port Phillip Survey collection. Only four of the 38 species known Tamh-Y pf m 3re re P resent ? d '? the collection. The majid Paratymolus talipes and the xanthid Pilumnus acer are recorded from Victoria for the first time; previous records of the graspid \Cyclograpsus audouinii from Victoria are doubtful. Seventeen species known from Port Phillip are not represented in the collection. All are typically cool temperate species well known from SE. Australia. Four species of Pilumnus were represented in the collections and these are compared in detail with other SE. Australian Pilumnus species. Most abundant in Port Phillip are Hahcaranus ovatus and H. rostratus (Hymenosomatidae) Notomithrax minor (Majidae), Ebalia (Phylyxia) intermedia (Leucosiidae), Lilocheira bispinosa (Gone-placidae), Pilumnus tomentosus and P. monilifer (Xanthidae), Nectocardnus integrifrons and Carcinus maenas (Portunidae) and Pinnotheres pisum (Pinnotheridae). The majority of the species are found on the sandy areas around the edge of the Bay, particularly in the W areas; no species was taken in the central deeper parts of the Bay. Ovigerous females of most species were collected in late summer. Parasitism by sacculinas was small and confined to two species of Pilumnus.

Abstract: FOUILLES ORGANISEES PAR L'UNIVERSITY MUSEUM OF THE UNIVERSITY OF PENNSYLVANIA. OBJECTIFS ET METHODES. PORT ET PASSES ROCHEUSES AU LARGE. LE PREMIER QUAI ET LE SYSTEME D'IRRIGATION. LES PREMIERES CONSTRUCTIONS DANS LE SECTEUR SUD-EST. MODIFICATION DU PREMIER PLAN DU PORT. LA PLUS RECENTE PERIODE D'OCCUPATION DE LA REGION DU PORT. UNE CONSTRUCTION COQUILLERE. LES MONNAIES. INSCRIPTIONS GRECQUES.

Abstract: (1971). The pattern of race relations in 19th century Pacific Port Towns. The Journal of Pacific History: Vol. 6, No. 1, pp. 39-60.

Abstract: . A Management Information System relating to technical manpower resources has been developed at the Unilever Research, Port Sunlight, Laboratory over the past two years. Data concerning areas of technical expertise were obtained from the scientists themselves and collated in the form of an Experience inventory. Application of the Inventory in the fields of personnel development, personnel placement, expert location and manpower planning in general are discussed. Although based upon subjective data, it was concluded that the system was sufficiently robust to justify its use in these areas. Staff reactions to the concept were, on the whole, favourable and initial experience of its use has been encouraging. The system would therefore seem to provide a valuable aid in the vital area of human resource utilization.

Abstract: The United Nations Conference on Trade and Development (UNCTAD) has as one of its goals the extension of trade between developed and developing countries, the vast majority of which trade is carried by sea. UNCTAD is involved in guiding port development, with the object of reducing the port contribution to the costs of maritime transport. A computer model was developed, capable of simulating all the operations involved in the arrival and berthing of ships and the movements of cargo between ships' holds and inland transport. Validation of this simulation model was carried out by using historical data from the port of Casablanca.

Abstract: Route changes and delays owing to such factors as adverse weather make it difficult to predict the exact arrival of ships or barges in a port. In choosing the capacity of loading facilities in a port, one must consider that there will be many times when the facilities will be unused and many times when cargo vessels must wait a substantial time before they are serviced. The choice of capacity of port facilities when arrival and service times are random is considered here. Queuing theory can be applied to determine the average waiting time for an individual cargo vessel as a function of the arrival and service distributions, the capacity of the terminal facility, and the arrival rate. To save waiting time for a vessel, the terminal capacity must be expanded. The optimal capacity of a loading facility is determined by trading off the additional capital cost of a dock against the value of the vessel time saved. Estimates are made of costs and savings incurred by investing in new facilities. The effects of seasonality in traffic and speeding the service rate are also considered.

Abstract: Discoveries of Neolithic axe-heads with substantial parts of their wooden handles preserved are rare enough to justify special attention for the example here recorded, which was picked up by Mr. T . H. Morris of Aberavon from the beach between the high and low water marks opposite the Afan Lido, at Port Talbot (Glam.) (SS 745894) in January 1970. Near it were some lumps of peat which had evidently been washed up not long before, and it seems highly probable that the implement had been contained in a lump of peat which had disintegrated on the beach. Construction work for a new iron ore terminal for the Abbey Steelworks, Margam, has lately been going on immediately south of the old harbour mouth at Port Talbot, and this is likely to have dislodged large fragments from one of the layers of peat, interleaved with layers of silt or clay, which lie under the foreshore here and at other points on the South Wales seaboard. Neolithic axe-heads have, indeed, already been brought to light by construction of docks at Cardiff and Barry, when cutting through the uppermost of the superimposed layers of this kind which form part of the old land surface which was gradually submerged after the last Ice Age. Through the kind co-operation of Mr. Morris it has been possible for the National Museum of Wales to preserve the remaining portion of the Aberavon axe-handle by impregnation with Carbowax 4000, and it thus joins the similar fragments from Ehenside Tarn, Cumberland, preserved at the British Museum, as a permanent record of such handles, some of which have been lost through neglect. The axe-head itself (pi. LXI a) has been examined by Professor F. W. Shotton of Birmingham University, who has identified its material, from microscopic examination of a thin section, as an uralitized gabbro closely resembling, though not identical with, typical Group I material, and it is therefore probably of west Cornish origin, like many South Wales axeheads; it has the plump oval section and pointed butt typical of this group and has been ground into shape; only the area near the blade has been polished. The over-all length is 170 mm. and the width of the blade is 70 mm. The handle fragment, with an over-all length of 211 mm., has been examined by my colleague Mr. John Davies, of the Department of Botany, National Museum of Wales; he finds it to be of birch-wood (Betula). The method of hafting is of the simple type, without antler sleeve, hitherto represented in the British Isles by examples from Ehenside Tarn, Maguire's Bridge (Fermanagh),^ and Co. Monaghan,* but differs from them in that the socket is so large that its frame is reduced, on the sides flanking the axe-head, to a pair of thin and narrow strips, constricted from above and below (fig. 1). Part of these strips had already broken away at the time of discovery, and they are now represented largely by stains on the surface of the axe-head. Clearly this hafting would have been far too weak for practical use of the axe, without strong binding by means of cords or leather thongs, but no traces of such binding now remain. The Aberavon handle does, however, resemble the examples from Ehenside Tarn and Maguire's Bridge in having a marked upturn, tapering to the edge, of the outer end, beyond the socket, which recalls schematic representations of axes to be seen on the upright slabs of several megalithic tombs in Brittany; no doubt this development of the handle has a practical origin, connected with its use by primitive agriculturalists for the clearance of scrub, as well as tree felling and cultivation.