Topic
Ponding
About: Ponding is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 813 publications have been published within this topic receiving 8185 citations.
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Papers
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors derived a two-branched model for ponding time and infiltration rate decay for arbitrary rainfall rates, and compared the two models with a precise numerical solution of the unsaturated soil water diffusion equations for three soils that represent a range of soil behaviors near saturation.
Abstract: By adopting two extreme assumptions concerning the behavior of unsaturated soil hydraulic conductivity K near saturation, we derived a two-branched model for ponding time and infiltration rate decay for arbitrary rainfall rates. One assumption was that K varies slowly near saturation and leads to an expression for ponding time and infiltration decay. For initially ponded conditions, ponding time is zero, and with rainfall rate r → ∞, the familiar Green and Ampt (1911) expression results. The other, rather opposite assumption was that K varies rapidly, e.g., exponentially, near saturation. This model also holds for both rainfall and ponded surface conditions, and for ponded conditions the expression is identical to that of Parlange (1971). Each model uses only two parameters, saturated soil conductivity Ks and a parameter that is roughly related to sorptivity and responds nearly linearly to variations in initial saturation. Both parameters are physically related to measurable soil properties. Methods are presented to estimate parameters of either model from infiltrometer tests. The two models are compared with a precise numerical solution of the unsaturated soil water diffusion equations for three soils that represent a range of soil behaviors near saturation. Our results show that either assumption would be an excellent model for most hydrologic purposes, and the relative goodness of fit of each model is generally consistent with the appropriate behavior of K(θ → θS).
456 citations
TL;DR: In this article, a modified version of the Green and Ampt equation was applied to determine rainfall excess and to predict total runoff for three major storms recorded by the Agricultural Research Service from 1957 to 1959 on a watershed near Oxford, Mississippi.
Abstract: Infiltration during a rainfall event can be divided into two distinct stages: a stage with surface ponding and a stage without surface ponding. Few of the infiltration models in current use are suitable to describe infiltration for both stages. In this paper the Green and Ampt equation was applied to determine the time that separates these two stages so that infiltration for the different stages can be treated separately. To obtain an integrated form of the Green and Ampt equation, it is traditionally assumed that the cumulative infiltration is zero at the time when surface ponding starts. But in a rainfall event the cumulative infiltration equals the water infiltrated into the soil profile prior to the ponding time, which is usually not zero. Therefore a modification in the traditional Green and Ampt equation is needed to describe infiltration during a rainfall event. It is shown in this paper that this modification is equivalent to a shift of the time scale by an amount which is referred to as the pseudotime by the author. The modified version of the Green and Ampt equation was applied to determine rainfall excess and to predict total runoff for three major storms recorded by the Agricultural Research Service from 1957 to 1959 on a watershed near Oxford, Mississippi. A comparison of the prediction and the measured total runoff appeared to be promising.
346 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the role of soil crusts in infiltration processes in three contrasting environments in the Northern, Central, and Central-Western Negev, Israel was examined, and it was shown that removal of a thin cyanobacterial-dominant crust from a sandy dune at Nizzana in the Central-western Negesv and of a well-developed lichendominant and a cyanobacteriadominant soil from a loess-covered hillslope at Sayeret Shaked in the northern Negesa resulted in three to fivefold increases in sorpt
Abstract: We examined the role of soil crusts in infiltration processes in three contrasting environments in the Northern, Central, and Central-Western Negev, Israel. The removal of a thin cyanobacterial-dominant crust from a sandy dune at Nizzana in the Central-Western Negev and of a well-developed lichen-dominant and a cyanobacterial-dominant crust from a loess-covered hillslope at Sayeret Shaked in the Northern Negev resulted in three to fivefold increases in sorptivity and steady-state infiltration under both ponding and tension. The removal of a depositional crust colonised by cyanobacteria from a loess floodplain at Sede Zin in the Central Negev resulted in an increased infiltration under tension, but had no significant effect under ponding. We attribute the lack of effect under ponding to exposure of surface silts to water, which resulted in the clogging of matrix pores and surface sealing. The removal of the crusts in all three landscapes influences resource flows, particularly the redistribution of runoff water, which is essential for the maintenance of desert soil surface patterning. It would also have marked effects on germination, establishment and survival of vascular plants and soil biota, leading ultimately to desertification.
275 citations
Abstract: Infiltration is a key process in aspects of hydrology, agricultural and civil engineering, irrigation design, and soil and water conservation. It is complex, depending on soil and rainfall properties and initial and boundary conditions within the flow domain. During the last century, a great deal of effort has been invested to understand the physics of infiltration and to develop quantitative predictors of infiltration dynamics. Jean‐Yves Parlange and Wilfried Brutsaert have made seminal contributions, especially in the area of infiltration theory and related analytical solutions to the flow equations. This review retraces the landmark discoveries and the evolution of the conceptual approaches and the mathematical solutions applied to the problem of infiltration into porous media, highlighting the pivotal contributions of Parlange and Brutsaert. A historical retrospective of physical models of infiltration is followed by the presentation of mathematical methods leading to analytical solutions of the flow equations. This review then addresses the time compression approximation developed to estimate infiltration at the transition between preponding and postponding conditions. Finally, the effects of special conditions, such as the presence of air and heterogeneity in soil properties, on infiltration are considered.
226 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the authors used a laboratory rainfall simulator to study the formation of crusts on cores of air-dry and prewetted aggregates, using light optical microscopy and mercury porosimetry.
Abstract: Crusts formation on cores of air-dry and prewetted aggregates was studied, using a laboratory rainfall simulator. Samples were taken out during the experiment, in order to study changes in water content and aggregates size distribution inside the crust and under the crust. Pore space geometry of the crusts is described using light optical microscopy and mercury porosimetry. In the case of air-dry aggregates, aggregates become micro-cracked. Macropores at the surface are quickly closed and ponding occurs rapidly. With prewetted aggregates, microcracking does not occur, and only a very slow abrasion of the aggregates is observed. Porosity remains high and no ponding excess occurs. The discussion of these results shows that it is the way of the wetting and the initial water content which determine the breakdown mechanism, and therefore, the behaviour of the aggregates submitted to rainfall.
145 citations
Related Topics (5)
Performance Metrics
| Year | Papers |
|---|---|
| 2025 | 12 |
| 2024 | 27 |
| 2023 | 60 |
| 2022 | 80 |
| 2021 | 22 |
| 2020 | 45 |