Polyhydroxy compound

Abstract: A polycarbonate process comprising contacting in the presence of a base, a β-fluoroaliphatic carbonate, and a polyhydroxy compound selected from alcohols and/or phenols. The resulting polycarbonates are useful as polycarbonates per se, or useful in the preparation of high molecular weight polycarbonates which can be molded or formed into films, laminates or reinforced plastics by conventional techniques.

Abstract: Compositions, preferably in particulate form, comprising a cellular matrix having oil in the cells thereof in which the matrix comprises polysaccharide and polyhydroxy compounds in such proportions that the oil may constitute up to 80% by volume so stably held in the cells that the extractable oil is not substantially in excess of 5%. This is accomplished by proportioning the ingredients to produce a glassy, preferably water soluble, matrix having a plastic or flowable range that prevents or seals oil escape paths in the wall material such as cracks, fissures, pin holes and deep pits. The polysaccharides are primarily not the sweet, readily soluble saccharides like sugar but rather higher polysaccharides of the non-sweet, colloidally soluble types such as natural gums, e.g., gum arabic, starch derivatives, dextrinized and hydrolyzed starches, and the like. The polyhydroxy compounds may be alcohols, plant-type sugars, lactones, monoethers and acetals. The process of making these compositions comprises forming an aqueous phase of the polysaccharide and polyhydroxy compound in proper proportions, with added emulsifier if necessary or desirable, emulsifying the oil (either of the volatile or non-volatile type) in the aqueous phase and removing moisture while the mass is plastic or flowable, e.g., by spray drying droplets of the emulsion, by spreading on a substrate such as a belt, drum, drinking cup and the like.

Abstract: The invention is surface crosslinked particles of water absorbing resin comprising particles of a carboxyl containing water-absorbent resin; wherein the particles of the carboxyl containing water-absorbent resin are crosslinked at or near the particle surface by a polyhydroxy compound capable of reacting with the carboxyl moieties of the water-absorbent resin, and the particles have coated on or bound to the surface a nonionic surfactant having an HLB of from 3 to 10. Additionally a process for the preparation of such surface crosslinked and surfactant coated absorbent resin particles is disclosed. Further disclosed is a water-absorbent structure comprising a synthetic or natural fiber or paper based woven or nonwoven carrier structure and surface crosslinked and surfactant coated water-absorbent resin particles of this invention.

Abstract: Fibrous cellulose material useful in the manufacture of soft, absorbent paper products such as paper towels, facial tissues, and toilet tissue are disclosed. The paper products contain a chemical softening composition comprising a mixture of a quaternary ammonium compound and a polyhydroxy compound. Preferred quaternary ammonium compound include dialkyldimethylammonium salts such as di(hydrogenated) tallow dimethyl ammonium chloride and di(hydrogenated) tallow dimethyl ammonium methyl sulfate. Preferred polyhydroxy compounds are selected from the group consisting of glycerol, and polyethylene glycols and polypropylene glycols having a weight average molecular weight from about 200 to 4000. The chemical softening compositions are prepared by first mixing the polyhydroxy compound into the quaternary ammonium compound at a specific temperature range wherein the polyhydroxy compound is miscible with the quaternary ammonium compound and then diluting the mixture with water at an elevated temperature to form an aqueous vesicle dispersion suitable for treating the fibrous cellulose material.