Polygonatum

Abstract: The invention provides nutrition noodles containing Chinese medicine components and a preparation method thereof; the nutrition noodles are prepared from the raw materials which comprise flour and the following Chinese medicine components, wherein every 5kg of flour is mixed with the Chinese medicine components by weight: 4 to 10g of ginseng, 3 to 6g of radix codonopsitis, 3 to 6g of astragalus, 4 to 8g of polygonatum, 2 to 5g of atractylode, 10 to 20g of yam, 3 to 6g of rehmannia, 4 to 8g of polygonum, 3 to 8g of angelica, 4 to 10g of donkey-hide gelatin, 5 to 10g of medlar, 4 to 6g of root of herbaceous peony, 4 to 8g of radix, 3 to 6g of asparagine, 4 to 8g of polygonatum, 4 to 8g of root of straight ladybell, 10 to 15g of lily, 4 to 8g of ligustrum lucidum, 5 to 8g of psoralen, 4 to 8g of cistanche, 3 to 8g of morinda, 4 to 7g of dodder, 5 to 10g of cornus, 3 to 7g of schisandra, 3 to 7g of poria, 5 to 8g of coix seed, 3 to 6g of clove, 4 to 8g of nutmeg, 3 to 6g of fructus tsaoko, 4 to 8g of rhizoma gastrodiae, 4 to 8g of kidney tonifying nut, 3 to 6g of fructus momordicae, 10 to 20g of lotus seeds and 3 to 7g of notoginseng The nutrition noodles have various health care effects

Abstract: According to our literature survey, fifteen species in the genus Polygonatum (Convallariaceae) have been used as food in China. Five main categories of use (drinks, snacks, vegetables, staple food and seasoning) were found. The plants from this genus are used mainly as vegetables. Rhizomes are the main parts used. The categories of use and diverse preparation methods have some similarities with those in other countries. Among all the recorded species, Polygonatum sibiricum and P. odoratum are the most commonly consumed species in China. Local people from different places have their own unique preparation methods and customs. However, the use of Polygonatum still remains at the level of family consumption, and the resources have not been fully used yet. We proposed ideas for further exploitation and conservation of edible Polygonatum species, and suggested further research, e.g. on the nutritional properties of all recorded edible species. It is believed that there is still plentiful traditional knowledge about food uses of Polygonatum to be documented in China.

Abstract: 1. A prolyl-s-RNA synthetase (prolyl-transfer RNA synthetase) has been purified about 250-fold from seed of Phaseolus aureus (mung bean), a species not producing azetidine-2-carboxylic acid, and more than 10-fold from rhizome apices of Polygonatum multiflorum, a liliaceous species containing azetidine-2-carboxylic acid. The latter enzyme was unstable during ammonium sulphate fractionation. 2. The enzymes exhibited different substrate specificities towards the analogue. That from Phaseolus, when assayed by the ATP-PP(i) exchange, showed azetidine-2-carboxylic acid activation at about one-third the rate with proline. Both labelled imino acids gave rise to a labelled aminoacyl-s-RNA. The enzyme from Polygonatum, however, activated only proline. 3. The enzyme from Polygonatum also formed a labelled prolyl-s-RNA with Phaseolus s-RNA but at a lower rate than when the Phaseolus enzyme was used. No reaction occurred when the Phaseolus enzyme was coupled with Polygonatum s-RNA, and only a very slight one was observed when both enzyme and s-RNA came from Polygonatum. 4. Protein preparations from seeds of Pisum sativum, another species not producing azetidine-2-carboxylic acid, also activated the analogue in addition to proline, whereas those from rhizome and seeds of Convallaria, the species from which the analogue was originally isolated, failed to activate it. However, a liliaceous species not producing the analogue, Asparagus officinalis, activated it. 5. Of the other proline analogues investigated, only 3,4-dehydro-dl-proline and l-thiazolidine-4-carboxylic acid were active with the enzyme preparation from Phaseolus. 6. pH optima of 7.9 and 8.4 were established for the enzymes from Phaseolus and Polygonatum respectively. 7. The Phaseolus enzyme was specific for ATP and PP(i). Mn(2+) partially replaced the requirement for Mg(2+) as cofactor. Preincubation with p-chloromercuribenzoate at a concentration of 0.5mm or higher produced over 99% inhibition of the Phaseolus enzyme. One-half the enzymic activity was destroyed by preheating for 5min. at 62 degrees in tris-hydrochloric acid buffer, pH7.9. 8. All experimental evidence supports the hypothesis that azetidine-2-carboxylic acid and proline are activated by the same enzyme in Phaseolus preparations, whereas the analogue was inactive in all Polygonatum preparations. The possible nature of this different substrate behaviour is discussed.