Topic
Plugboard
About: Plugboard is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 154 publications have been published within this topic receiving 328 citations.
Papers published on a yearly basis
Papers
30 Nov 1965
TL;DR: The modern art of computation has developed from plugboard programming through the stored machine instruction programs controlled by the users on the consoles, to problem-oriented symbolic programs computed in the batch mode, towards the on-line computing during which the users have a large amount of control over their programs.
Abstract: The modern art of computation has developed from plugboard programming through the stored machine instruction programs controlled by the users on the consoles, then to problem-oriented symbolic programs computed in the batch mode, towards the on-line computing during which the users have a large amount of control over their programs. The lower cost per computation and flexibilities of a large capacity high-speed computer naturally lead us to consider the provision of on-line computing service to several users on a single high-performance machine in a time-sharing mode, rather than several smaller machines, one for each individual. To maximize the efficiency of a man-machine team working in an on-line computing mode, it is desirable to let the man choose the language---say English---for communication and to let the machine do the translation. This idealistic goal is not impossible, but is currently impractical. A good compromise is to select as the user language a formal language such as ALGOL, FORTRAN or LISP which has a set of explicit syntactical rules and a small set of basic vocabulary. The user then may extend the vocabulary by declarative statements and communicate with the machine in the extended vocabulary. Due to frequent message exchanges between the man and the machine during on-line computing, the machine representation of users' programs must be easy to modify at the source language level. The technological trend towards large random access memory suggests the retention of several users' programs in core simultaneously, hence mutual memory protection must be ensured.
23 citations
TL;DR: After reviewing the work done, and investigating the reasons for both lucky breaks and close misses, the modern ciphertext-only attack on Enigma messages is improved, especially on genuine ones with short lengths and/or many garbles.
Abstract: “Breaking German Army Ciphers” is the title of a Cryptologia article from 2005, describing the lucky survival of several hundred authentic Enigma messages of World War II, and an account of a ciphertext-only cryptanalysis of a large number of these messages, leaving only a few (mostly short messages) unbroken. After reviewing the work done, and investigating the reasons for both lucky breaks and close misses, the modern ciphertext-only attack on Enigma messages is improved, especially on genuine ones with short lengths and/or many garbles. The difficulties of a proper measure for the candidate’s closeness to a plaintext are clarified. The influence on the decryption process of an empty plugboard and one with only a few correct plugs is examined. The method is extended by a partial exhaustion of the plugboard combined with an optimized hillclimbing strategy. The newly designed software succeeds in breaking formerly unbroken messages.
14 citations
Patent•
IBM1
TL;DR: In this article, the reference cables from two of these plugboard stations are connected through an optical switch to an optical time domain reflectometer (OTDR), while the other two reference cables are simply connected to connectors at their far ends.
Abstract: A station for testing fiber optic jumper cables includes four indexing plugboard stations. A single cable to be tested is typically attached to extend between two of the plugboard stations. Each plugboard station includes three columns of plug positions, corresponding to three styles of connecters which may be used at the ends of the cable to be tested. An upper row, and a central row, of plug positions correspond to the contact types (PC or APC) which may be used. An indexing mechanism is provided to align one of the plug positions in the central row with a reference cable extending from the plugboard station. Reference jumpers extend from the upper row, being docked in a lower row of plug positions if the cable to be tested is connected to the central row, or being plugged into the central row if the cable to be tested is connected to the upper row. The reference cable extending from each of the plugboard stations is brought into and out of contact with one of the central-row plugboard positions, facilitating a sequence of tests. The reference cables from two of these plugboard stations are connected through an optical switch to an optical time domain reflectometer (OTDR), while the other two reference cables are simply connected to connectors at their far ends. A computer controls indexing the plugboard stations and brings the reference cables into engagement according to a preferred sequence.
14 citations
TL;DR: The author traces the development of the Hollerith tabulating machine, what is part of theollen punched card system, during the years 1905 until 1913, and describes the machine's applications of most interest to customers at that time.
Abstract: The author traces the development of the Hollerith tabulating machine, what is part of the Hollerith punched card system during the years 1905 until 1913, and describes the machine's applications of most interest to customers at that time. Hollerith added the plugboard for flexible wiring to his tabulating machine for different applications, as a result of customer demand.
13 citations
TL;DR: The Knox contribution to the breaking of the plugboard German Enigma is described through his early work on the commercial machine; as well as his invention of "rodding" and exploitation of the Saga method of “boxing.”
Abstract: This article describes the importance of the Knox contribution to the breaking of the plugboard German Enigma through his early work on the commercial machine; as well as his invention of “rodding” and exploitation of the Saga method of “boxing.” It also covers the multi-turnover Abwehr machine through observation of the phenomenon of 'crabs and lobsters' in message indicators.
11 citations
Related Topics (5)
Performance Metrics
| Year | Papers |
|---|---|
| 2021 | 2 |
| 2020 | 9 |
| 2019 | 6 |
| 2018 | 13 |
| 2017 | 6 |
| 2016 | 8 |