TL;DR: In this paper, the effect of pipe diameter and backfill height for rigid (concrete) and flexible (polyvinyl chloride (PVC)) pipes was studied using three-dimensional finite-element modelling.
Abstract: The current design practice in the UK for estimating the soil pressure on a buried pipe under traffic loads is based on a simple equation derived using a Boussinesq solution. In order to test and verify this equation, and study the effect of pipe diameter and backfill height for rigid (concrete) and flexible (polyvinyl chloride (PVC)) pipes, a study has been conducted using three-dimensional finite-element modelling. It was found that increasing the diameter of the concrete pipe non-linearly decreases the maximum vertical displacement, while the relationship between the concrete pipe diameter and the maximum thrust force was found to be dependent on the backfill height. Increasing the diameter of the PVC pipe linearly increases the displacement and the maximum thrust force. The effect of traffic live load on the maximum thrust force becomes insignificant for a cover depth larger than 2 m and 3 m for the concrete and PVC pipes, respectively. The results indicate that there are significant issues with the m...
TL;DR: In this paper, a production method for a thin-wall highly anti-impact PVC pipe is described, which includes the following steps that a PVC mixture is prepared; the mixture is added into a hopper of an extruder, and a transmission device is started; the pipe mixture is plastified and extruded to form a pipe blank, and the pipe blank is subjected to doubleaxis drawing in the axial direction and circumferential direction through a double-axis drawing core die, and then a cavity is formed between the inner wall and the core die.
Abstract: The invention relates to a production method for a thin-wall highly anti-impact PVC pipe. The production method includes the following steps that (1) a PVC mixture is prepared; (2) the PVC mixture is added into a hopper of an extruder, and a transmission device is started; (3) the PVC mixture is plastified and extruded to form a pipe blank; (4) the pipe blank is subjected to double-axis drawing in the axial direction and circumferential direction through a double-axis drawing core die, and a cavity is formed between the inner wall and the core die; (5) compressed air which is treated through a pneumatic atomized lubricator and contains silicone oil enters the cavity, and the interior of the pipe blank is cooled; and meanwhile the pipe blank is cooled through water mist sprayed by a cooling water ring on the outside of the pipe blank; (6) the compressed air with the silicone oil enters the cavity and then is exhausted from the inside of the pipe to the outside through a compressed air exhausting hole in the double-axis drawing core die; and (7) the pipe blank enters a sizing sleeve of a vacuum sizing box to be rapidly cooled and fall into a pattern, and finally the thin-wall highly anti-impact PVC pipe is formed. The production method for the thin-wall highly anti-impact PVC pipe is low in cost and remarkable in effect.
TL;DR: In this article, an extrusion molding process for a pore-free PVC pipe is characterized in that according to a pipe formula, a PVC resin and epoxy resin copolymer, an impact modifier, stabilizer, a processing modifier, a filling agent, a pigment and an outer lubricant are adopted.
Abstract: An extrusion molding process for a pore-free PVC pipe is characterized in that according to a pipe formula, a PVC resin and epoxy resin copolymer, an impact modifier, a stabilizer, a processing modifier, a filling agent, a pigment and an outer lubricant are adopted, and the extrusion molding process specifically comprises the following steps of preparing of various materials, weighing, kneading, extrusion pelleting, extrusion molding, cooling molding, cutting, checking and obtaining of a finished product. The plastic pipe has remarkable beneficial effects that the relative density is small and is 1/4-1/7 that of metal; the electric insulation property and the chemical stability are excellent; installation and construction are convenient, and maintaining is easy; the unit energy consumption is low, in the process of extrusion, conditions are provided for molding through constant changing for the temperature, expanding with heat and contracting with cold are carried out several times, and the materials can be combined more tightly through contracting and expanding; and cooling is carried out through cooling liquid, paraffin in the cooling liquid can rapidly fill up pores, and after molding, a pore-free state is achieved.
TL;DR: In this paper, a pipe traction and cooling all-in-one machine consisting of a traction module, support legs, a water tank and a bracket is used for towing a plurality of PVC pipes.
Abstract: The invention belongs to the field of pipe traction equipment, and specifically relates to a PVC pipe cooling and traction all-in-one machine comprising a traction module, support legs, a water tank and a bracket; the water tank is arranged above the support legs, and the bracket is n-shaped, and bridged on two side walls of the water tank; the lower part of the bracket is connected to the traction module, and the water tank comprises a first water storage plate, a second water storage plate, a first backflow plate and a second backflow plate; water in a cooling section of the water tank is used for cooling a PVC pipe in work, and can flow to a leaking liquid backflow section along a feed hole of the PVC pipe; the leaking liquid backflow section is used for preventing overflowing water from flowing to ground, and then the overflowing water is conveyed to the cooling section by a suction pump through a return pipe so that the utilization rate of cooling water is easy to improve; the traction module is arranged in the water storage plates, so that the occupied area of equipment is reduced, and the utilization rate of space is improved; the traction module can be used for towing a plurality of PVC pipes, and the production efficiency of the PVC pipes is improved
TL;DR: In this article, the utility model discloses a bulky concrete crack control seam system, its characterized in that, including brick child mold and cooling water steel pipe, brick child mould is located the outward flange of concrete main part, and the inboard of brick child molds has smeared waterproof mortar layer, the layering of cooling water pipe is fixed in the inside of concrete primary part and the water inlet and the delivery port that accesss to the external world, and a steel pipe replaces the PVC pipe in the traditional approach to load the cooling water.
Abstract: The utility model discloses a bulky concrete crack control seam system, its characterized in that, including brick child mould and cooling water steel pipe, brick child mould is located the outward flange of concrete main part, and the inboard of brick child mould has smeared waterproof mortar layer, the layering of cooling water steel pipe is fixed in the inside of concrete main part, and the cooling water steel pipe has water inlet and the delivery port that accesss to the external world. The utility model discloses a steel pipe replaces the PVC pipe in the traditional approach to load the cooling water, and the steel heat conductivility is good, and thermal expansion coefficient and elastic modulus and concrete match, be difficult for the feather checking when having stress to exist, in addition, the steel pipe can use coordinately with the steel bar support rod structure, a serial communication port,
TL;DR: The utility model provided a back leakage well water filtering device for rainwater self-purification belongs to water purification unit, paste the haydite subsides gravel bed that the particle diameter size reduces gradually outside to in proper order from interior on PVC pipe or the outer wall of steel pipe, contain on the haydingite pastes the gravel bed outside and join in marriage dress reinforcing bar barrel, the shutoff steel sheet is adorned at PVC pipe and the reinforcing bar cylinder bottom portion, the dress is joined in marriage on either steel pipe or steel pipe as mentioned in this paper.
Abstract: The utility model provides a back leakage well water filtering device for rainwater self -purification belongs to water purification unit, paste the haydite subsides gravel bed that the particle diameter size reduces gradually outside to in proper order from interior on PVC pipe or the outer wall of steel pipe, contain on the haydite pastes the gravel bed outside and join in marriage dress reinforcing bar barrel, the shutoff steel sheet is adorned at PVC pipe or steel pipe admittedly, the haydite pastes in gravel bed and the reinforcing bar cylinder bottom portion, the dress is joined in marriage on PVC pipe or steel pipe and haydite subsides gravel bed upper end to the upper cover steel sheet that has the central through hole, screw thread formula cover pipe arrangement is in upper cover steel sheet top, the reinforcing bar top of reinforcing bar barrel be buckle hook -like, be equipped with the through -hole on PVC pipe or steel pipe pipe wall, is the porosity 10 30%, this device novel structure, equitable, simple, light in weight, intensity is big, and the permeability is good, and is corrosion -resistant, with low costs, and the operation is reliable, and long service life in the milliosmolarity, has carried out purification treatment to quality of water under the increase surface water, avoided the pollution of groundwater.
TL;DR: In this article, the utility model discloses a soil salinity regulation and control device, the PVC pipe and the lower part that are the cylindricality including upper portion are two conical PVC pipe, the pipe and pipe are hollow structure and have a perfect understanding each other, a PVC manages and lays in proper order or alternative water salt absorptive unit of laying and absorption slowly releasing unit along pipe wall outside -in with intraductal all being equipped with of the 2nd PVC, water salt absorption unit is the lamellar structure of vermiculite with
Abstract: The utility model discloses a soil salinity regulation and control device, the PVC pipe and the lower part that are the cylindricality including upper portion are two conical PVC pipe, PVC pipe and the 2nd PVC pipe are hollow structure and have a perfect understanding each other, a PVC manages and lays in proper order or alternative water salt absorptive unit of laying and absorption slowly -releasing unit along pipe wall outside -in with intraductal all being equipped with of the 2nd PVC, water salt absorptive unit is the lamellar structure of vermiculite with the formation of sea foam fine hair, adsorb the lamellar structure of slowly -releasing unit by saturated zeolite and the formation of fungus chaff, the tip of PVC pipe is equipped with the fixation clamp, the infiltration pipe has been placed on the fixation clamp, be equipped with the hole of permeating water on the infiltration pipe, the inside of PVC pipe is equipped with desalinization of soil by flooding or leaching pipe, be equipped with the water jet on the desalinization of soil by flooding or leaching pipe, the most advanced intercommunication of the 2nd PVC pipe has the drain pipe. This patent can promote the absorbility to the salinity under the less condition of rainfall to ability manual control desalinization of soil by flooding or leaching time, and directional discharge salinity, effectively reduce the salinity in the soil, improve soil structure.
TL;DR: In this article, Fatigue curves are presented for high density polyethylene pipes (HDPE, PPI 4710 resin) and for PVC pipes, obtained experimentally in a 100 mm diameter and 300 m long water pipeline with pipe samples of different thicknesses subject to repeated cycles of extreme hydraulic transient pressures, which are continued until the failure of the pipe samples.
Abstract: Fatigue curves (S–N curves) are presented for high density polyethylene pipes (HDPE, PPI 4710 resin) and for PVC pipes, obtained experimentally in a 100 mm diameter and 300 m long water pipeline with pipe samples of different thicknesses subject to repeated cycles of extreme hydraulic transient pressures, which are continued until the failure of the pipe samples. The pipe samples were used either (1) without alterations, or (2) altered with triangular grooves of different depths machined in its external surface, in order to favor the formation of cracks in those grooved sections. From the experiments, it is confirmed that failures have their origin in the cracks developed in weakened regions of the pipes. It is also confirmed that high density polyethylene pipes have high resistance to fatigue or to the cyclic application of high internal pressures, given the fact that for this material the pipe failures: (1) are localized and limited in length, (2) they occur under pressures much higher than its nominal design resistance for normal operating conditions and (3) they occur under pressures which are also much higher than those allowed by the design standards for the case of maximum hydraulic transient events. On the other hand, the experiments confirmed that: (1) PVC pipes do not have the high resistance to fatigue shown by the polyethylene pipes, and (2) PVC pipe failures are brittle and catastrophic, as they propagate very rapidly until the destruction of the pipe. The two polymers tested, which exhibit such different behavior, have very different glass transition temperatures, 90 °C for PVC and −90 °C for HDPE. When compared with the normal range of ambient temperatures, PVC is always used well below the glass transition temperature, behaving therefore as a glass, and HDPE is always used well above the glass transition temperature, behaving as a rubber.
TL;DR: In this paper, a special material composition for a high-elongation pipe is described. But the authors mainly relate to the field of high molecular polymeric materials, and mainly relates to a particular type of material, namely, high molecular polymer materials.
Abstract: The invention belongs to the field of high molecular polymeric materials, and mainly relates to a special material composition for a high-elongation pipe. The special material composition is prepared from the following components in parts by weight: PVC resin, MBS-561, a heat stabilizer, an antiager, a lubricating agent, a filler, a processing aid ACR and titanium dioxide. When the special material composition is used for preparing the pipe, the elongation of the PVC pipe is significantly increased while relatively high tensile strength of PVC-U is maintained, and the elongation of the PVC pipe can reach 180-210%, so that the PVC pipe has the advantages of high elongation, high impact resistance, high processing performance and the like; and in addition, the impact strength is also greatly improved, the PVC pipe can effectively resist foundation subsidence and point loads and has high seismic performance.
TL;DR: In this paper, an off-line two-way stretched polyvinyl chloride pipe preparation method is described. But the method is not suitable for outdoor applications, as it requires the pipe to be pre-mixed with a heat stabilizing agent and an impact resistant modifier.
Abstract: The invention discloses an off-line two-way stretched PVC(Polyvinyl Chloride) pipe preparation method. The preparation method comprises the following steps: pre-mixing PVC, a heat stabilizing agent, an impact resistant modifier, a lubricating agent, composite packing powder and titanium dioxide to obtain hard PVC premixed powder; adding the premixed powder into an extruding machine, and sizing, cooling, drawing and cutting at the temperature of 160 to 190 DEG C; forming a ventilating combination by arranging a PVC-U pipe on the outer side of a silicone rubber pipe in a sleeving manner, wherein each of the two ends of the silicone rubber pipe is connected with a pressurizing air valve through a clamp-type seal; placing the whole body of the ventilating combination into a cylinder of an air cylinder, and sealing through a cylinder cover with a fixable pull rod to form a blowing device; placing the blowing device in a constant temperature drying oven for 0.1 to 3 hours at 110 to 120 DEG C, taking out the pipe, and pressurizing until the pipe is expanded to adhere the inner wall of the cylinder after the pipe is preheated to reach an expanded state, so that the two-way stretched high-performance PVC pipe is obtained. The performance of the PVC pipe is improved; raw materials are saved; the cost is reduced.